Level 4-Day 31.Florence Nightingale
高效磨耳朵 | 最好的英语听力资源
词汇提示
1.suitor 追求者
2.parental 父母的
3.supervision 监管
4.rebellious 叛逆的
5.prominent 重要的
6.promising 有前途
7.spiritual 精神的
8.horrified 惊恐
9.superintendent 管理者
10.allied 盟军
11.wounded
12.pit 坑
13.tend 护理
原文
Florence Nightingale
It could be said that Florence Nightingale was responsible for inventing modern nursing.
Indeed, Nightingale did open up the professions to women generally.
Her example and influence during the mid to late nineteenth Century were an important factor in opening doors to women.
Nightingale's own life reflects many of these changes.
She was born in 1820, and was one of two daughters of a wealthy English family.
Her mother was a beautiful society lady who had once turned down a favored suitor because he was not wealthy enough.
She wanted both her daughters to be socially popular and to marry rich and important men.
Florence's father ensured thatshe had a good education.
But she was frustrated because girls and women were always under parental supervision
She felt called to a life of action, but her family insisted that she divide her time between being with her family and attending social functions.
She was not allowed to do anything on her own.
When she was 16, Nightingale said that God spoke to her and called her to do His work.
But Florence didn't know what work she was being called to do.
Years passed away while she sat with her mother and sister, or attended dances and concerts or travelled to Europe.
Nightingale became more angry and rebellious.
She offended her family and friends by refusing to marry several prominent men who wanted to marry her.
By the time she was 24, she had decided to be a nurse.
But how did one become a nurse? At that time, the profession didn't seem promising.
The only respectable nurses were those women in religious orders that ministered to the patient's spiritual health,but were not trained in medicine.
The majority of nurses were poor, untrained women who were suspected of being too fond of men or alcohol, or both.
In fact, one hospital preferred to hire unwed mothers as nurses because they had no reputations to lose.
Nightingale's family was horrified by her plans.
Their opposition delayed her plans but could not stop them.
In 1850 she visited a hospital in Germany for the first time.
In 1853, she was appointed superintendent of a women's nursing home in London.
But, Florence was still waiting for her true calling.
In 1855, the Times of London was printing reports from the Crimean War.
France and England were fighting Russia in the Crimean Peninsula.
After one allied victory, the wounded French soldiers were well taken care of,but the wounded English soldiers were left to die.
Back in England there was a public outcry.
It was Florence's opportunity.
She was soon on her way to Istanbul, Turkey, with 38 nurses.
Scutari, Turkey, was the hospital where the British wounded were brought.
This so-called hospital was a death pit, where 42 out of every 100 men died.
The army was unwilling to listen to Miss Nightingale or to let her tend the wounded.
She had to wait until conditions became so bad that the regular medical officers were overwhelmed.
As soon as the army turned to her, she immediately went to work.
She had the entire hospital cleaned, a new kitchen set up, and a good water supply obtained.
The death rate dropped to 22 out of every 1,000.
Nightingale became famous overnight.
Although her efforts in the Crimean War injured her health, she continued her work back in London.
She published a 1,000-page report on medical conditions in the British Army,several books on nursing and her own proposals and suggestions.
She also set up a training school for nurses.
Long before her death in 1910, she had seen nursing become a well-established profession.
Almost single-handedly she had helped to bring about proper treatment of the sick and injured.
翻译
弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔
可以说，弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔是现代护理的发明者。
事实上，南丁格尔确实打开了女性的职业大门。
19世纪中后期，她的榜样和影响力是向女性敞开大门的重要因素。
南丁格尔自己的生活反映了许多这些变化。
她出生于1820年，是英国一个富裕家庭的两个女儿之一。
她的母亲是一位美丽的社交女士，她曾经因为一个受人青睐的追求者不够富有而拒绝了他。
她希望她的两个女儿都能在社会上受欢迎，并嫁给富有和重要的男人。
弗洛伦斯的父亲确保她受了良好的教育。
但她很沮丧，因为女孩和妇女总是在父母的监督下
她觉得自己需要有所作为的生活，但她的家人坚持让她在与家人相处和参加社交活动之间分配时间。
她不被允许做任何自己的事。
当她16岁的时候，南丁格尔说上帝和她说话，并叫她做他的工作。
但是佛罗伦萨不知道她要做什么工作。
当她和母亲和姐姐坐在一起，或参加舞会和音乐会，或去欧洲旅行时，岁月流逝了。
南丁格尔变得更加愤怒和叛逆。
她拒绝嫁给几个想嫁给她的著名男人，这冒犯了她的家人和朋友。
到她24岁时，她已决定当一名护士。
但一个人是如何成为护士的呢？当时，这个职业似乎没有前途。
唯一受人尊敬的护士是那些信奉宗教的妇女，她们为病人的精神健康服务，但没有受过医学训练。
大多数护士都是贫穷、未经培训的女性，她们被怀疑太喜欢男性或酒精，或者两者兼而有之。
事实上，一家医院更愿意雇佣未婚妈妈当护士，因为她们没有名誉可言。
南丁格尔的家人被她的计划吓坏了。
他们的反对推迟了她的计划，但没有阻止她。
1850年，她第一次访问了德国的一家医院。
1853年，她被任命为伦敦一家女子疗养院的院长。
但是，弗洛伦斯仍然在等待她的真正召唤。
1855年，伦敦泰晤士报印刷了克里米亚战争的报道。
法国和英国在克里米亚半岛与俄罗斯作战。
在一次盟军胜利后，受伤的法国士兵得到了很好的照顾，但受伤的英国士兵却任由死去。
在英国，公众表示强烈抗议。
这是弗洛伦斯的机会。
她很快带着38名护士前往土耳其伊斯坦布尔。
土耳其的斯库塔里是英国伤员被送往的医院。
这所所谓的医院是一个死亡坑，每100人中就有42人死亡。
军队不愿意听南丁格尔小姐的话，也不愿意让她照顾伤员。
她不得不等待，直到情况变得如此糟糕，以至于正规的医务人员不堪重负。
军队一向她求助，她就立即开始上班。
她让人打扫了整个医院，布置了新厨房，并获得了良好的供水。
死亡率降至每1000人中的22人。
南丁格尔一夜成名。
尽管她在克里米亚战争中的努力工作损害了她的健康，但她仍继续在伦敦工作。
她发表了一份1000页的关于英国军队医疗状况的报告，几本关于护理的书，以及她自己的建议和意见。
她还建立了一所护士培训学校。
早在她1910年去世之前，她就已经看到护理成为一个成熟的职业。
她几乎是凭一己之力帮助病人和伤员得到适当的治疗。
