【聊了什么 The What】 本期「选修课」邀请民俗学家李明洁，从一张尘封于哥伦比亚大学特藏、来自1931年北京的“月光马”出发，开启一场对民俗图像与文化记忆的深度探索。 中秋节为何曾是专属女性的节日？为何观音、财神、关公、送子娘娘会毫无违和感地出现在同一张画上？“月光马”如何将一个普通空间瞬间切换为神圣场域，又在焚化后开启世俗的团圆？ In this episode, folklorist Li Mingjie takes us on an in-depth journey into folk imagery and cultural memory, beginning with a rare Moonlight Horse (月光马) print from 1931 Beijing—now preserved in Columbia University's Special Collections on Chinese popular religion. Why was the Mid-Autumn Festival once a festival primarily for women? Why do Guanyin, the God of Wealth, Guan Yu, and the Child-Giving Goddess (送子娘娘) all appear harmoniously on a single paper image? How did the Moonlight Horse instantly transform an everyday domestic space into a sacred ritual site—and, upon burning, open the door to a secular reunion? 【时间轴 The When】 * 00:34 - 哥大馆藏“中国纸神专藏”中的月光马 * 14:55 - “纸马”是什么 * 36:51 - “玉兔”和背景众神：华严三圣、四大天王等 * 53:21 - 阐释“男不拜月，女不祭灶”习俗 * 55:25 - 关羽为什么是财神 * 70:02 - 解释“兔儿爷”的由来与功能 * 72:25 - 月光马作为创造神圣空间的符号界标 * 76:45 - 追溯文化记忆的源头：从汉代画像石到当代田野调查 * 00:34 – The Moonlight Horse (月光马) in Columbia University’s “Chinese Paper Deities” special collection * 14:55 – What are paper horses (纸马)? * 36:51 – The Jade Rabbit (玉兔) and background deities: Huayan Trinity (华严三圣), Four Heavenly Kings (四大天王), etc. * 53:21 – Explaining the folk custom: “Men don’t worship the moon, women don’t sacrifice to the kitchen god” * 55:25 – Why Guan Yu is worshipped as the God of Wealth * 70:02 – The origin and function of Tu’er Ye (兔儿爷, “Lord Rabbit”) * 72:25 – The Moonlight Horse as a symbolic marker for sacred space creation * 76:45 – Tracing cultural memory: from Han dynasty stone reliefs to contemporary ethnographic fieldwork [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] [image.png] 【我们是谁 The Who】 选修课 Universus 是一档分享和探讨泛文化话题的中文播客，脱胎于2013年创办的纽约文化沙龙。 我们力求引发对学科方法和视角的认知和思考，而不仅仅是知识的传递。我们在组织活动的过程中积累了一些经验和人脉，尝试打造成年人的博雅教育，并在播客中拓展这样的探索。我们希望审视和反抗无意识的价值规训与随波逐流。我们希望冷酷地剖析自己的偏见，热忱地拥抱多元视角。我们希望去工具化，真诚地感知、理解、创造自己的生活和复杂的世界。我们追随原初的好奇而非代餐式的猎奇。话题可以轻松，方法力求严肃。在《选修课》里，我们互相映照，唤醒失落的维度。 主讲： * 李明洁: 1991年至2023年任教于华东师范大学中文系和民俗学研究所，教授、博士生导师，从事社会语言学、都市民俗学和文化人类学的教学与研究，偏重文化认知和社会记忆领域。现供职于纽约大学东亚系和新学院大学尤金朗文理学院。 选修课 Universus is a Chinese-language podcast created by the same people who founded the New York Chinese Cultural Salon (纽约文化沙龙）in 2013. The past decade of organizing events and talks put us in a position of creating a sort of liberal arts education experience for those who have left school. We strive to go beyond merely transmitting knowledge to reflecting on complex topics using cross-disciplinary perspectives. We strive to resist conformity, to dissect our own biases, and to embrace diverse schools of thought. Our goal is to help professionals resist becoming just a tool of production, and to understand the world around us in earnest. We let our genuine curiosity be our guide. With a light-hearted tone, we approach each topic seriously. We hope that “选修课 Universus” creates a space to explore lost dimensions. Our guest: * Mingjie Li: From 1991 to 2023, she taught in the Department of Chinese Language and Literature and the Institute of Folklore at East China Normal University as a professor and doctoral advisor. Her academic work focuses on sociolinguistics, urban folklore, and cultural anthropology, with an emphasis on cultural cognition and social memory. She is currently affiliated with the Department of East Asian Studies at New York University and the Eugene Lang College of Liberal Arts at The New School. 【买咖啡 Please Support Us】 如果喜欢这期节目并愿意想要给我们买杯咖啡： * 打赏平台：www.patreon.com/universuspod * 商务合作邮箱：[email protected] If you like our show and want to support us, please consider the following: * 打赏平台: www.patreon.com/universuspod * Business Inquiries Email: [email protected]

【聊了什么 The What】 无麸质饮食真的更健康吗？减肥到底该低碳还是低脂？市面上五花八门的保健品，是不是智商税？关于“吃”这件事，我们每天都在做决定，却也时常感到困惑。本期节目，我们请来美国注册营养师张千慧博士，为你一一击破关于流行饮食的常见迷思。 我们将以“无麸质饮食”和“低脂 vs. 低碳之争”为两大案例，回顾营养科学的发展轨迹，探讨其研究范式的局限性，并揭示食品工业的利益冲突如何深刻影响着公共卫生建议。究竟是否存在一套适合所有人的“最佳饮食”？当面对海量的营养信息时，我们该如何建立自己的思辨框架？本期节目将带你“浅尝不止”，从科学与历史的纵深处，重新理解我们与食物的复杂关系。 Is going gluten-free really healthier? When it comes to weight loss, should you cut carbs or fat? And what about all those supplements on the market—are they worth it or just a scam? Eating is something we do every day, yet we’re constantly confused by conflicting information. In this episode, we invite Dr. Jera Zhang, a registered dietitian based in the U.S., to debunk some of the most common myths surrounding popular diets. Focusing on two major case studies—“the gluten-free diet” and “the low-fat vs. low-carb debate”—we trace the evolution of nutrition science, question the limitations of its research paradigms, and expose how corporate interests in the food industry shape public health recommendations. Is there truly one “optimal” diet for everyone? How do we build our own critical thinking framework amid a flood of nutritional advice? This episode goes beyond surface-level bites, offering a deeper historical and scientific look into our complex relationship with food. 【时间轴 The When】 * 02:10 从流行饮食审视人与食物的关系。 * 05:10 详解无麸质饮食：麸质的定义，无麸质饮食的医学起源，谁需要无麸质饮食 * 26:43 低碳水化合物与低脂饮食的世纪之争 * 42:55 Q&A：低碳对女性生理期影响，在美国什么情况下可以看营养师，益生菌、保健品（维生素D、鱼油等） * 65:12 营养学研究的复杂性和食品工业的强大影响力 * 02:10 Viewing human-food relationships through the lens of popular diets * 05:10 Deep dive into gluten-free diets: What is gluten, the medical origins of gluten-free eating, who really needs it * 26:43 The century-long battle between low-carb and low-fat diets * 42:55 Q&A: Effects of low-carb diets on menstrual cycles, when to see a dietitian in the U.S., probiotics and supplements (vitamin D, fish oil, etc.) * 65:12 The complexity of nutrition research and the powerful influence of the food industry 【我们是谁 The Who】 选修课 Universus 是一档分享和探讨泛文化话题的中文播客，脱胎于2013年创办的纽约文化沙龙。 我们力求引发对学科方法和视角的认知和思考，而不仅仅是知识的传递。我们在组织活动的过程中积累了一些经验和人脉，尝试打造成年人的博雅教育，并在播客中拓展这样的探索。我们希望审视和反抗无意识的价值规训与随波逐流。我们希望冷酷地剖析自己的偏见，热忱地拥抱多元视角。我们希望去工具化，真诚地感知、理解、创造自己的生活和复杂的世界。我们追随原初的好奇而非代餐式的猎奇。话题可以轻松，方法力求严肃。在《选修课》里，我们互相映照，唤醒失落的维度。 主讲： * 张千惠 Jera Zhang: 美国注册营养师，纽约市立大学亨特学院营养与公共健康系助理教授 选修课 Universus is a Chinese-language podcast created by the same people who founded the New York Chinese Cultural Salon (纽约文化沙龙）in 2013. The past decade of organizing events and talks put us in a position of creating a sort of liberal arts education experience for those who have left school. We strive to go beyond merely transmitting knowledge to reflecting on complex topics using cross-disciplinary perspectives. We strive to resist conformity, to dissect our own biases, and to embrace diverse schools of thought. Our goal is to help professionals resist becoming just a tool of production, and to understand the world around us in earnest. We let our genuine curiosity be our guide. With a light-hearted tone, we approach each topic seriously. We hope that “选修课 Universus” creates a space to explore lost dimensions. Our guest: Jera Zhang: Registered Dietitian (RD), Assistant Professor in the Department of Nutrition and Public Health at Hunter College, City University of New York 【买咖啡 Please Support Us】 如果喜欢这期节目并愿意想要给我们买杯咖啡： * 打赏平台：www.patreon.com/universuspod * 商务合作邮箱：[email protected] If you like our show and want to support us, please consider the following: * 打赏平台: www.patreon.com/universuspod * Business Inquiries Email: [email protected]

【聊了什么 The What】 本期节目是一个串台节目，录制于2024年十月，首发于不合时宜播客。 上一次诺贝尔物理学奖把桂冠颁给两位“AI 教父”，在物理圈和科技圈同时掀起了腥风血雨——物理奖是不是“名存实亡”？老赵从这桩「史上最具争议的诺奖」聊到个人 16 年的高能物理求学路，再到 AI、神经网络与涌现现象；一路拆解「时间-空间」这种我们天天挂在嘴边却难以言说的概念，甚至把广义相对论、规范场论背后的“美学冲动”也摆上了桌。 物理奖为什么会颁给人工智能研究？如果 AI 只是借了物理的灵感，这算不算“跨界越界”？当深度学习席卷世界，Hinton 与同行为何频频示警？技术飞奔时，谁来守住人类的边界？物理学究竟教会了我们什么视角？它真的是寻找客观真理，还是只是一种“看世界的方法论工具箱”？为什么爱因斯坦单凭“审美直觉”就能预言引力定律？当理论之“美”与自然精确吻合时，我们到底在惊叹什么？ Last year’s Nobel Prize in Physics crowned two AI luminaries and instantly ignited a storm: has the prize abandoned “real” physics? In this episode, physicist-turned-AI-researcher Zhichen walks us through the controversy, his 16-year voyage in high-energy theory, and how neural networks, emergence, and even the texture of space-time weave together. Along the way he reveals the aesthetic intuition behind general relativity and gauge theories and asks whether physics is a hunt for objective truth or just one more lens on reality. Does awarding an AI discovery rewrite the borders of physics? Why do pioneers like Hinton sound the alarm while driving the field forward? Is physics a toolbox of world-models rather than a catalogue of eternal facts? What do the debates between scientific realism and logical positivism mean for everyday reasoning? 【时间轴 The When】 * 00:00:37 去年的诺贝尔物理学奖与《什么是物理》初登场 * 00:08:32 老赵的“物理初心”——从奥赛保送到北大 * 00:14:10 无人押中！物理奖给 AI 的惊愕与争议 * 00:20:55 Hinton 为何把自己比作“AI 奥本海默” * 00:24:44 学科边界正在消融：物理当“方法论输出者” * 00:31:10 赫布定律与神经元：学习是如何在大脑里“写电流”的 * 00:43:31 “一百只白天鹅”与物理解释学危机 * 00:58:07 广义相对论：当审美预言被宇宙检验 * 00:00:37 The controversial Nobel Prize & Lao Zhao’s new book * 00:08:32 Origin story: from Physics Olympiad to Peking University * 00:14:10 Nobody guessed the AI-physics Nobel shock * 00:20:55 Hinton as the “AI Oppenheimer” * 00:24:44 Disappearing borders: physics as a methods supplier * 00:31:10 Hebbian learning—how brains write with electricity * 00:43:31 “One hundred white swans” & the crisis of explanation * 00:58:07 General relativity: when elegance meets evidence 【我们是谁 The Who】 选修课 Universus 是一档分享和探讨泛文化话题的中文播客，脱胎于2013年创办的纽约文化沙龙。 我们力求引发对学科方法和视角的认知和思考，而不仅仅是知识的传递。我们在组织活动的过程中积累了一些经验和人脉，尝试打造成年人的博雅教育，并在播客中拓展这样的探索。我们希望审视和反抗无意识的价值规训与随波逐流。我们希望冷酷地剖析自己的偏见，热忱地拥抱多元视角。我们希望去工具化，真诚地感知、理解、创造自己的生活和复杂的世界。我们追随原初的好奇而非代餐式的猎奇。话题可以轻松，方法力求严肃。在《选修课》里，我们互相映照，唤醒失落的维度。 主播： * 老赵：理论物理学博士，软件工程师，纽约文化沙龙组织者。 选修课 Universus is a Chinese-language podcast created by the same people who founded the New York Chinese Cultural Salon (纽约文化沙龙）in 2013. The past decade of organizing events and talks put us in a position of creating a sort of liberal arts education experience for those who have left school. We strive to go beyond merely transmitting knowledge to reflecting on complex topics using cross-disciplinary perspectives. We strive to resist conformity, to dissect our own biases, and to embrace diverse schools of thought. Our goal is to help professionals resist becoming just a tool of production, and to understand the world around us in earnest. We let our genuine curiosity be our guide. With a light-hearted tone, we approach each topic seriously. We hope that “选修课 Universus” creates a space to explore lost dimensions. Hosted by: * Lao Zhao: PhD in Theoretical Physics, software engineer, and organizer of the New York Cultural Salon. 【买咖啡 Please Support Us】 如果喜欢这期节目并愿意想要给我们买杯咖啡： * 打赏平台：www.patreon.com/universuspod * 商务合作邮箱：[email protected] If you like our show and want to support us, please consider the following: * 打赏平台: www.patreon.com/universuspod * Business Inquiries Email: [email protected]

【聊了什么】 纽约，这座全球知名的大都会，拥有雄厚的财政，却始终背负着一套老旧而脆弱的地铁系统，这似乎是个令人费解的悖论。这一期的播客里，美国注册城市规划师罗雨翔带我们深入探讨纽约城市发展背后的政治与经济逻辑。从预算机制到政治利益博弈，从州政府与市政府之间的角力，到公众参与制度的利弊，我们看到基础设施问题不仅仅是技术和资金的问题，更是制度、历史与权力的复杂纠缠。 节目中提出了几个值得我们深思的问题：为什么纽约这样一个财政雄厚的城市，却无法高效地为基础设施投入资金？地铁管理权为何落入了州政府之手，而非市政府？小团体如何在重大公共项目上拥有巨大的影响力？这种模式究竟是公共福祉的保障，还是导致公共建设低效高成本的根本原因？纽约式的“公共与私人之间”的合作模式，究竟是一种创新，还是带有深深的制度隐患？ This episode dives into an intriguing paradox: New York City, a globally renowned metropolis with robust finances, yet burdened by an aging and fragile subway system. American certified urban planner Yuxiang Luo guides us through the intricate political and economic logic underlying the city's infrastructure issues. From budgetary mechanisms and political negotiations between state and city governments to the pros and cons of public participation systems, we realize infrastructure problems are far more than mere technical or financial issues—they're complex entanglements of institutions, history, and power dynamics. Several thought-provoking questions arise during the discussion: Why is New York, despite its significant financial resources, unable to efficiently invest in its infrastructure? Why does subway management lie in the hands of the state rather than the city government? How can small interest groups exert outsized influence over significant public projects? Is this model protecting public welfare, or is it the fundamental cause behind the inefficiency and high costs of public construction? Is the New York model of public-private cooperation genuinely innovative, or does it carry deep institutional flaws? 【推荐阅读】 如果你对这期节目内容感兴趣，请关注主讲人罗雨翔的新书《创造大都会——纽约空间与制度观察》！ 国内各大平台均有销售（淘宝、当当、京东），海外用户请使用这个链接购买。 [书.png] 【时间轴 The When】 * 00:00:40 纽约的地铁为何如此糟糕？基础设施背后的政治经济学 * 00:07:49 从电影《小丑》看纽约地铁问题的历史渊源 * 00:10:34 政府预算里的“两本账”如何影响了城市基建？ * 00:11:28 地铁运营权转移给州政府背后的政治经济学博弈 * 00:19:25 拉瓜迪亚机场为何没有地铁快线？社区利益与公共项目的冲突 * 00:23:54 环境保护法如何导致公共建设效率降低？ * 00:33:18 纽约街道规划如何成就了城市的宜居性？ * 00:37:36 “曼哈顿网格规划”的历史意义与经济逻辑 * 00:47:51 “商业改进区”如何推动纽约街区建设？ * 00:56:44 “公共与私人合作”模式的优势与隐患 * 00:00:40 Why is New York’s subway system so bad? The political economy behind infrastructure * 00:07:49 Tracing the historical roots of NYC’s subway problems through the movie "Joker" * 00:10:34 How do the government’s “two budgets” impact urban infrastructure? * 00:11:28 The political-economic game behind transferring subway management to state government * 00:19:25 Why doesn’t LaGuardia Airport have a direct rail link? Conflicts between community interests and public projects * 00:23:54 How does environmental law reduce efficiency in public construction? * 00:33:18 How did New York’s street planning contribute to the city’s livability? * 00:37:36 Historical significance and economic logic of the Manhattan grid plan * 00:47:51 How do Business Improvement Districts promote neighborhood development in NYC? * 00:56:44 Advantages and pitfalls of the public-private partnership model 【我们是谁 The Who】 选修课 Universus 是一档分享和探讨泛文化话题的中文播客，脱胎于2013年创办的纽约文化沙龙。 我们力求引发对学科方法和视角的认知和思考，而不仅仅是知识的传递。我们在组织活动的过程中积累了一些经验和人脉，尝试打造成年人的博雅教育，并在播客中拓展这样的探索。我们希望审视和反抗无意识的价值规训与随波逐流。我们希望冷酷地剖析自己的偏见，热忱地拥抱多元视角。我们希望去工具化，真诚地感知、理解、创造自己的生活和复杂的世界。我们追随原初的好奇而非代餐式的猎奇。话题可以轻松，方法力求严肃。在《选修课》里，我们互相映照，唤醒失落的维度。 主播： * 老赵：理论物理学博士，软件工程师，纽约文化沙龙组织者。 主讲： * 罗雨翔：美国注册城市规划师，哈佛大学与伦敦政治经济学院建筑与经济双硕士。现居纽约，参与以及主持北美20余地区的地产开发、区域经济政策与公共领域投资项目。 选修课 Universus is a Chinese-language podcast created by the same people who founded the New York Chinese Cultural Salon (纽约文化沙龙）in 2013. The past decade of organizing events and talks put us in a position of creating a sort of liberal arts education experience for those who have left school. We strive to go beyond merely transmitting knowledge to reflecting on complex topics using cross-disciplinary perspectives. We strive to resist conformity, to dissect our own biases, and to embrace diverse schools of thought. Our goal is to help professionals resist becoming just a tool of production, and to understand the world around us in earnest. We let our genuine curiosity be our guide. With a light-hearted tone, we approach each topic seriously. We hope that “选修课 Universus” creates a space to explore lost dimensions. Hosted by: * Lao Zhao: PhD in Theoretical Physics, software engineer, and organizer of the New York Cultural Salon. Guest: * Luo Yuxiang: U.S. Registered Urban Planner, holding dual master's degrees in Architecture and Economics from Harvard University and the London School of Economics. Currently residing in New York, he has participated in and led over 20 real estate development, regional economic policy, and public domain investment projects across North America. 【买咖啡 Please Support Us】 如果喜欢这期节目并愿意想要给我们买杯咖啡： * 打赏平台：www.patreon.com/universuspod * 商务合作邮箱：[email protected] If you like our show and want to support us, please consider the following: * 打赏平台: www.patreon.com/universuspod * Business Inquiries Email: [email protected]