经济学人 | 声波周刊

【栏目介绍】国内Top 2双语播音专业出品，5分钟带你高效复盘每周全球政经要闻。配套中英双语对照，以专业声线还原地道新闻播报节奏，助你在碎片时间同步全球视野，沉浸式练就地道语感。 【免责声明】 本内容仅供英语学习交流使用，内容翻译及整理仅作参考。 本栏目仅供英语学习交流使用，原文版权归 The Economist 所有。 请勿将本笔记用于任何商业用途。 【内容索引】 US-Iran Ceasefire All but Collapses as Trump Reinstates Blockade / 美伊停火几乎崩溃，特朗普恢复霍尔木兹海峡封锁 The ceasefire between America and Iran all but collapsed, after Donald Trump reinstated a blockade of Iranian vessels in the Strait of Hormuz and ordered fresh strikes to degrade Iran’s ability to attack commercial shipping. Iran continued to target countries in the region, including Kuwait and Jordan, and struck two United Arab Emirates’ oil tankers with cruise missiles. America hit a tanker heading towards Kharg island, Iran’s oil-export hub. Mr Trump raised, and then quickly backed down from, the possibility of America charging a 20% fee on ships that traverse the strait. Oil prices jumped. 美伊停火协议几乎彻底破裂，此前唐纳德·特朗普恢复在霍尔木兹海峡对伊朗船只实施封锁，并下令发起新一轮打击，削弱伊朗袭击商业航运的能力。伊朗持续打击中东地区多国，包括科威特和约旦，还使用巡航导弹袭击了两艘阿联酋油轮。美军打击了一艘驶往哈尔克岛的油轮，哈尔克岛是伊朗的石油出口枢纽。特朗普先是提出对途经该海峡的船只征收20%通行费，随后又迅速收回这一说法。国际油价应声暴涨。 Iraq’s New PM Visits White House; Trump Blocked Maliki’s Return / 伊拉克新总理到访白宫，特朗普曾阻止马利基复出 Iraq’s new prime minister, Ali al-Zaidi, visited the White House. Mr Trump was effusive in his praise, describing Mr al-Zaidi as a “great leader”. The president had in effect blocked the return of Nouri al-Maliki as prime minister, viewing him as too close to Iran. Iraq’s new leader is under intense pressure to disarm Iranian-aligned militias that have launched attacks on American facilities. 伊拉克新任总理阿里·扎伊迪到访白宫。特朗普对他大加赞赏，称扎伊迪是一位”杰出领导人”。特朗普实际上阻止了努里·马利基再度出任伊拉克总理，认为他与伊朗走得过近。伊拉克新政府承受巨大压力，必须解除与伊朗结盟的民兵组织的武装，这些民兵曾袭击美方设施。 US Senator Lindsey Graham Dies at 71 / 美国参议员林赛·格雷厄姆意外离世，终年71岁 Lindsey Graham, a senior American senator from South Carolina, died unexpectedly at the age of 71. He had just returned from Ukraine and was pushing a bill to widen sanctions against Russia. Mr Trump described Mr Graham as a “great politician”, though the senator opposed Mr Trump’s first run for president, becoming a steadfast ally only after his victory. Mr Graham also supported Israel’s war aims and advocated for a tough stand against Iran. 美国南卡罗来纳州资深联邦参议员林赛·格雷厄姆意外离世，终年71岁。他刚从乌克兰回国，此前一直在推动扩大对俄制裁的法案。特朗普称格雷厄姆是一名”优秀政客”，尽管这位参议员在特朗普首次竞选总统时持反对立场，直至其胜选后才成为坚定盟友。格雷厄姆同样支持以色列的作战目标，主张对伊朗采取强硬态度。 Burnham Becomes Labour Leader, Starmer Takes Last PMQs / 伯纳姆当选工党新领袖，斯塔默完成最后一次首相质询 Andy Burnham easily secured the support of enough Labour MPs to become the party’s new leader, ensuring that he will take over from Sir Keir Starmer. Sir Keir took his last prime minister’s questions in the House of Commons. “I am proud of everything that we have achieved,” said the man with the worst satisfaction ratings ever recorded for a British prime minister. 安迪·伯纳姆顺利获得足够工党议员支持，成为该党新任领袖，接替基尔·斯塔默爵士。基尔·斯塔默爵士在下议院完成最后一次首相质询。“我为我们取得的所有成就感到自豪。“这位支持率创下英国首相历史最低纪录的政客说道。 Venezuela Earthquake Death Toll Approaches 5,000 / 委内瑞拉地震遇难人数逼近5000人 The death toll from two recent earthquakes in Venezuela approached 5,000. The government is in discussions with the IMF about tapping its special drawing rights at the fund for humanitarian uses. 委内瑞拉近期两场地震遇难人数逼近5000人。该国政府正与国际货币基金组织协商，动用基金特别提款权用于人道主义救灾。 完整版详见： 经济学人· 政治要闻 | The World this Week 如果你喜欢我们的节目，欢迎你分享到更多的地方，也欢迎你在我们的评论区留言交流。 Stay informed, stay happy.

【栏目介绍】国内Top 2双语播音专业出品，5分钟带你高效复盘每周全球政经要闻。配套中英双语对照，以专业声线还原地道新闻播报节奏，助你在碎片时间同步全球视野，沉浸式练就地道语感。 【免责声明】 本内容仅供英语学习交流使用，内容翻译及整理仅作参考。 本栏目仅供英语学习交流使用，原文版权归 The Economist 所有。 请勿将本笔记用于任何商业用途。 【内容索引】 Trump Airs Grievances at NATO Summit but Signs Defence Communiqué / 特朗普在北约峰会上发泄不满但签署集体防御公报 Donald Trump began the NATO summit in Ankara, Turkey's capital, by airing his grievances with allies. He grumbled about their lack of support for the Iran war and said that the row over Greenland had also "hurt my relationship" with Europe, reiterating his belief that America should control the Danish territory. But he softened his tone during the gathering and signed up to a communiqué that reasserted NATO's "ironclad commitment to our collective defence". Mr Trump also made a significant concession to Ukraine by granting it a licence to make Patriot surface-to-air interceptor missiles, a response to a plea from Volodymyr Zelensky for more air-defence systems. 唐纳德·特朗普在土耳其首都安卡拉举办的北约峰会开幕之际，便向一众盟友倾诉了心中不满。他抱怨盟友并未为对伊朗的战事提供支持，还称格陵兰岛争端同样"损害了自己与欧洲的关系"，并重申他认为美国应当掌控这片丹麦自治领地。但在峰会期间，他的语气有所缓和，签署了一份公报，再度重申北约"对集体防御牢不可破的承诺"。特朗普还向乌克兰作出重大让步，批准其获得生产"爱国者"防空拦截导弹的许可，以此回应弗拉基米尔·泽连斯基提出的增配防空系统的请求。 Russia Pounds Kyiv; Ukraine Strikes Russia's Largest Refinery 2,700km Away / 俄罗斯猛轰基辅，乌克兰无人机远袭2700公里外俄最大炼油厂 The Ukrainian president's request came after Russia again pounded Kyiv, killing 28 people. A bombardment a few days earlier killed 30. Ukraine could not stop the ballistic missiles used in the attacks. Meanwhile, Ukrainian drones struck Russia's largest oil refinery at Omsk, 2,700km (1,680 miles) from Ukraine. Mr Trump said he backed Ukraine striking deep inside Russia as a means to end the war. 此前俄罗斯再度空袭基辅，造成28人遇难，乌克兰总统才提出这一诉求。数日之前的一轮轰炸已夺走30条生命。乌克兰无力拦截俄军此次袭击使用的弹道导弹。与此同时，乌克兰无人机袭击了俄罗斯位于鄂木斯克的大型炼油厂，该地距离乌克兰2700公里（1680英里）。特朗普表示，他支持乌克兰深入俄罗斯境内发动打击，以此促成战争结束。 Trump Declares Ceasefire "Over" After Iran Attacks Tankers / 伊朗袭击油轮后特朗普宣布停火"终结" Iran launched drone attacks on three tankers it said had ignored designated shipping routes through the Strait of Hormuz. Mr Trump ordered new strikes on Iran and revoked the waiver of sanctions covering Iranian oil exports. Mark Rutte, NATO's secretary-general, supported America's actions as "absolutely necessary". Iran responded with attacks on Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar. The American president said that Iran's leaders were "scum" and the ceasefire was "over". 伊朗出动无人机袭击了三艘油轮，称这些船只无视了指定的通过霍尔木兹海峡的航道。特朗普下令对伊朗发动新一轮打击，并撤销了伊朗石油出口相关制裁的豁免。北约秘书长马克·吕特表态支持美方行动，称此举"完全必要"。伊朗随即袭击了巴林、科威特与卡塔尔。美国总统称伊朗领导层是"渣滓"，双方停火状态已经"终结"。 Funeral Held for Iran's Former Supreme Leader Killed on First Day of War / 伊朗前最高领袖葬礼举行，其子至今未露面 The funeral was held of Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran's former supreme leader, who was killed in February on the first day of the war. His coffin travelled for six days over 2,600km (1,600 miles), across five cities in Iran and Iraq. Mojtaba Khamenei, his son and successor, did not appear at the funeral; he has not been seen since the strike that killed his father. 伊朗前最高领袖阿亚图拉·阿里·哈梅内伊的葬礼如期举行，他于今年二月开战首日遇袭身亡。他的灵柩巡游六天，行程2600多公里（1600英里），途经伊朗与伊拉克的五座城市。他的儿子、继任者穆杰塔巴·哈梅内伊并未现身葬礼；自其父遇袭之后，他便再未公开露面。 完整版详见： 经济学人· 政治要闻 | The World this Week 如果你喜欢我们的节目，欢迎你分享到更多的地方，也欢迎你在我们的评论区留言交流。 Stay informed, stay happy.

【栏目介绍】国内Top 2双语播音专业出品，5分钟带你高效复盘每周全球政经要闻。配套中英双语对照，以专业声线还原地道新闻播报节奏，助你在碎片时间同步全球视野，沉浸式练就地道语感。 【免责声明】 本内容仅供英语学习交流使用，内容翻译及整理仅作参考。 本栏目仅供英语学习交流使用，原文版权归 The Economist 所有。 请勿将本笔记用于任何商业用途。 【内容索引】 Venezuela Earthquake Death Toll Rises to 2,295 / 委内瑞拉地震死亡人数升至2295人 The official death toll from two earthquakes that struck Venezuela on June 24th rose to 2,295, though that is expected to increase as more bodies are pulled out of collapsed buildings. With over 11,000 people injured and some hospitals damaged, the World Health Organisation said the country's health system was under strain. An American general said 900 military personnel were helping search-and-rescue operations. Delcy Rodríguez, the interim president, described the earthquakes as Venezuela's "most brutal natural catastrophe" ever, but anger mounted among Venezuelans about the government's response. Many residents say the socialist state is providing little help. 6月24日，委内瑞拉接连发生两次地震，官方公布的死亡人数已上升至2295人，预计随着更多遇难者从倒塌建筑中被搜出，这一数字还将上升。超过11000人受伤，部分医院也遭到损毁，世界卫生组织称该国的医疗系统正面临巨大压力。一名美国将军表示，有900名军事人员正在参与搜救行动。临时总统德尔西·罗德里格斯将此次地震称为委内瑞拉历史上"最严重的自然灾害"，但民众对政府应对措施的不满情绪日益加剧。许多居民认为他们的社会主义政府几乎没有提供任何帮助。 Iran Attacks Ship Leaving Hormuz; US Responds with Strikes / 伊朗袭击离开霍尔木兹海峡船只，美国轰炸回击 Iran's revolutionary guards attacked a Singapore-flagged ship as it left the Strait of Hormuz. America responded by bombing military targets in southern Iran, which then fired missiles and drones at Bahrain and Kuwait. American officials signalled that the fighting was over and that vessels could "move freely" through the strait. Donald Trump said he was satisfied with ordering one-off strikes on Iran when it violates the deal with America. Indirect negotiations between America and Iran continued. 伊朗革命卫队袭击了一艘正在霍尔木兹海峡离境的悬挂新加坡国旗的船只。美国随即对伊朗南部的军事目标发动轰炸，伊朗则向巴林和科威特发射了导弹及无人机。美国官员表示战斗已经结束，船只可"自由通行"该海峡。唐纳德·特朗普称，对于伊朗违反美伊协议的行为，他对其下令实施一次性打击感到满意。美伊之间的间接谈判仍在继续。 Israel and Lebanon Sign First Diplomatic Agreement in 43 Years / 以色列与黎巴嫩签署43年来首份外交协议 Israel and Lebanon signed their first formal diplomatic agreement in 43 years, which in theory sets them on a path towards a lasting peace. The deal commits the Lebanese government to disarm Hizbullah, Iran's proxy in Lebanon. Israel would gradually withdraw from southern Lebanon, although not until the militants are uprooted. Hizbullah is not party to the agreement. 以色列与黎巴嫩签署了43年来首份正式外交协议，这为双方实现持久和平奠定了基础。根据该协议，黎巴嫩政府须解除真主党——伊朗在黎巴嫩的代理人——的武装。而以色列则将逐步从黎巴嫩南部撤军，但前提是这些武装分子必须被彻底清除。真主党并未参与该协议的签署。 Trump's 2025 Disclosure Reveals $1.4bn in Crypto Income / 特朗普2025年财务披露显示加密货币收入14亿美元 Mr Trump's financial disclosure for 2025 revealed that he reported $1.4bn in income from his family's digital-currency assets. The president has relaxed regulation of the cryptocurrency industry since taking office. The White House said that neither he nor his family "has ever engaged, or will ever engage, in conflicts of interest". 特朗普2025年的财务披露文件显示，他申报的家庭数字货币资产收益为14亿美元。自上任以来，这位总统一直在放宽对加密货币行业的监管。白宫称，他和他的家人"从未且今后也不会存在利益冲突"。 South Africa Arrests 900 in Anti-Migrant Protests / 南非反移民抗议中逮捕900人 Police in South Africa arrested 900 people during big anti-migrant protests. One person was shot dead in Johannesburg amid the looting of shops owned by foreigners. The protests followed months of anti-foreigner mobilisation and marked a "deadline" set by vigilante groups for illegal migrants to leave the country. Shops and businesses remained closed in many cities. 在南非大规模反移民抗议活动中，警方逮捕了900人。在约翰内斯堡，有人在外籍人士拥有的商店遭洗劫时被枪杀。这些抗议活动是在数月反外国人情绪高涨之后爆发的，也是某些民团为迫使非法移民离开该国而设定的"最后期限"。许多城市的商店和企业仍处于关闭状态。 Burnham Unveils Devolution Plan as He Prepares to Succeed Starmer / 伯纳姆公布权力下放计划，准备接替斯塔默 Andy Burnham, who is likely to take over soon from Sir Keir Starmer as Britain's prime minister, made a big policy speech in which he announced bold plans to relocate some governmental powers away from London. As part of his devolution vision, "Number 10 North" will be "the nerve centre of a rewired Britain" on a ten-year mission to rebalance the country. Regions would be tasked with producing "credible industrial ambitions". 有望很快接替基尔·斯塔默担任英国首相的安迪·伯纳姆发表了一篇重要政策演讲，宣布了将部分政府权力从伦敦转移出去的宏伟计划。作为其权力下放构想的一部分，"北十号府"将成为"重塑后的英国的神经中枢"，通过为期十年的努力实现国家力量的再平衡。各地区将被要求制定"切实可行的工业发展目标"。 Starmer Commits £15bn to Defence in Final Act; Burnham Must Find Rest / 斯塔默卸任前承诺150亿英镑国防投资，伯纳姆需另筹资金 In one of his final acts as prime minister Sir Keir committed £15bn ($20bn) to Britain's defence investment plan over the next four years. A third of the money is earmarked for drones and autonomous weapons systems. The plan had been delayed and the previous defence secretary resigned saying it wasn't enough to modernise Britain's defence capabilities. Mr Burnham will have to find £4.7bn to meet Sir Keir's commitment. 在担任首相的最后举措之一中，基尔·斯塔默承诺在未来四年内为英国的国防投资计划拨款150亿英镑（约合200亿美元）。其中三分之一资金将用于无人机及自主武器系统的发展。该计划此前曾出现延误，前任国防大臣也因认为这笔资金不足以提升英国的防御能力而辞职。伯纳姆需另外筹集47亿英镑才能履行斯塔默的承诺。 完整版详见： 经济学人· 政治要闻 | The World this Week 如果你喜欢我们的节目，欢迎你分享到更多的地方，也欢迎你在我们的评论区留言交流。 Stay informed, stay happy.

【栏目介绍】国内Top 2双语播音专业出品，5分钟带你高效复盘每周全球政经要闻。配套中英双语对照，以专业声线还原地道新闻播报节奏，助你在碎片时间同步全球视野，沉浸式练就地道语感。 【免责声明】 本内容仅供英语学习交流使用，内容翻译及整理仅作参考。 本栏目仅供英语学习交流使用，原文版权归 The Economist 所有。 请勿将本笔记用于任何商业用途。 【内容索引】 SpaceX Share Price Falls Back to Earth / SpaceX股价大幅回落 SpaceX's share price fell back to Earth, erasing some of the gains it had chalked up since an initial public offering on June 12th. The stock was listed at $135 at the company's flotation, had climbed to over $200 in subsequent days and was trading at around $155 during the middle of this week. Some $400bn was wiped off SpaceX's market value in one day, the second-biggest such loss for any company (Nvidia lost almost $600bn on January 27th 2025). Meanwhile, SpaceX launched its first bond offering, over a range of maturities, to institutional investors, which should raise $25bn. The company will use the proceeds to repay a bridge loan it took out in March when xAI, Elon Musk's AI company, and X, his social-media platform, were merged with SpaceX. SpaceX股价大幅回落，回吐了自6月12日首次公开募股以来的部分涨幅。该公司上市发行价为每股135美元，上市后几日股价一度攀升至200美元以上，本周中段的交易价格约为155美元。SpaceX单日市值蒸发约4000亿美元，创下全球企业史上第二大单日市值缩水纪录（2025年1月27日，英伟达单日市值蒸发近6000亿美元）。与此同时，SpaceX面向机构投资者推出首期多期限债券发行计划，本次发债拟募资250亿美元。公司计划将募集资金用于偿还今年3月的过桥贷款。彼时，埃隆·马斯克旗下人工智能企业xAI、社交媒体平台X与SpaceX完成合并，公司为此申请了这笔过桥贷款。 Tech Stocks Tumble on AI Valuation and Rate Concerns / 科技股因AI估值过高及利率担忧集体下挫 Other tech stocks fell heavily during the week, as concerns about the lofty valuations of AI-related firms and the prospect of higher interest rates once again rattled investors. The share prices of chipmakers such as Micron, Nvidia and Qualcomm dropped sharply. Alphabet's stock slid by 5% after two senior AI researchers said they were leaving, one to join Anthropic and the other to join OpenAI. Micron cheered investors, however, when it published its quarterly earnings. The chipmaker's revenue climbed by 345%, year on year, to $41.5bn, and net profit soared by 1,400%, to $28.2bn. 受人工智能相关企业估值过高、市场担忧利率再度上行等因素影响，本周投资者避险情绪升温，多家科技股遭遇重挫。美光、英伟达、高通等芯片制造商股价大幅下挫。谷歌母公司字母表（Alphabet）股价下跌5%，原因是公司两名资深人工智能研究员宣布离职，一人加入安索帕（Anthropic），另一人入职OpenAI。不过美光发布季度财报后，业绩表现提振了投资者信心。这家芯片厂商营收同比大涨345%，达到415亿美元，净利润飙升1400%，至282亿美元。 South Korea's Stock Market Hit by Extreme Volatility; SK Hynix Files for US Listing / 韩国股市剧烈震荡，SK海力士申请赴美上市 Trading in South Korea's stock market was also volatile. The KOSPI index, which is dominated by Samsung and SK Hynix, the country's big chipmakers, dropped by 10% in a day. The volume of share trading was exceptionally high. The Korean stock exchange's circuit-breaker was triggered for the fourth time this year. It wasn't triggered at all in 2025. Meanwhile, SK Hynix filed papers to list shares in America for the first time. It plans to start selling American depositary receipts (enabling US investors to buy its stock) on the Nasdaq exchange on July 10th and hopes to raise 45.4trn won ($29.4bn). 韩国股市本周同样剧烈震荡。由三星、SK海力士两大本土芯片巨头主导的韩国综合股价指数（KOSPI）单日暴跌10%。市场股票交易量创下天量。韩国证券交易所年内第四次触发市场熔断机制，而2025年该机制全年未曾启动。与此同时，SK海力士正式提交赴美上市申请文件。计划于7月10日在纳斯达克交易所发行美国存托凭证，方便美国投资者购入公司股票，本次上市拟募资45.4万亿韩元（折合294亿美元）。 Oracle Cuts 21,000 Jobs in 12 Months / 甲骨文12个月内裁员2.1万人 A regulatory filing from Oracle revealed that the software company has erased 21,000 jobs over 12 months, reducing its full-time global workforce to 141,000. Oracle is under pressure to reduce costs that have spiralled because of its expansion into data centres, but the job losses are higher than the forecasts of most analysts. Oracle said AI supplanted some of the workers. 甲骨文公司的监管文件显示，这家软件企业过去12个月累计裁员2.1万人，全球全职员工规模缩减至14.1万人。受数据中心业务扩张影响，甲骨文各项成本持续激增，公司面临巨大的降本压力，而本次裁员规模远超绝大多数分析师此前的预期。甲骨文表示，部分岗位被人工智能技术所替代。 JD.com Boss Predicts Robots Will Replace 700,000 Delivery Workers / 刘强东预言机器人将取代70万快递员 In China, Richard Liu, the boss of JD.Com, predicted that robots will replace the e-commerce company's 700,000 delivery workers "sooner or later". Robots will eventually handle all deliveries, said Mr Liu, and workers will need to be retrained to maintain and repair their automated colleagues. China's experiments with robot technology threaten to throw the country's army of drivers in the gig economy out of work. Last year Shenzhen airport began a service that enables passengers to order food and have it delivered to their gate by a robot. 在中国，京东集团创始人刘强东预判，机器人迟早会取代公司70万名快递配送员。他表示，未来所有配送工作都将由机器人完成，现有从业人员需要接受再培训，负责运维检修这些自动化设备。中国机器人技术的落地应用，或将让大量灵活就业的网约车、货运司机面临失业风险。去年，深圳机场上线机器人送餐服务，旅客可以线上点餐，由机器人将餐品送至登机口。 Alan Greenspan, Former Fed Chairman, Dies Aged 100 / 美联储前主席艾伦·格林斯潘逝世，享年100岁 Tributes were paid to Alan Greenspan, who died aged 100. Mr Greenspan was chairman of the Federal Reserve from 1987 to 2006, the second-longest tenure of anyone in the job. Nicknamed the Maestro for his mastery of policy and his loquacious statements, Mr Greenspan once said, "If I turn out to be particularly clear, you've probably misunderstood what I've said." 各界纷纷悼念享年100岁的艾伦·格林斯潘。格林斯潘在1987年至2006年间担任美联储主席，任职时长在美联储历任主席中位居第二。他因精通宏观政策、滔滔不绝的言论，被业界冠以"艺术大师"的绰号，他曾留下一句名言："如果我的表述听起来格外直白，那你大概率误解了我的本意。" 完整版详见： 经济学人· 商业要闻 | The World this Week 如果你喜欢我们的节目，欢迎你分享到更多的地方，也欢迎你在我们的评论区留言交流。 Stay informed, stay happy.