美国IIN认证教练分享健康知识点 | 对话大健康创业说Abby（下）
硅谷当哥聊健康
这期节目录制于2024年7月，虽然由于主业繁忙，Abby和我不得不在录制了两集《大健康圈内人》节目之后搁浅，但还是想把我们的观点分享出来，希望对大家有启发。
祝大家在2025年不卷工作卷健康！
1. 拆解Institute for Integrative Nutrition (IIN) 整体营养学院
课程模式、学生人群、思考创新、推动
* Framework 框架 和 Health is what’s on your plate vs. the areas of life off your plate; Primary food vs. Secondary food; Learn how relationships, career, social life, finances, and environment are integral to one's overall well-being
* the essential elements of achieving holistic wellness. 全面健康的基本元素。饮食、营养、运动、正念、肠道、激素、大脑、等等 a multi-dimensional approach to health：phsyical, mental, emotional, spirtual 多维度的管理健康的方法，身physical心mental&emotional (统称为mind) 灵spiritual。
* Mental Models心智模型 思维模式 打破惯性定式哲学 zero sum vs. positive sum 无边界不要束缚自己
encouraging positive energy 积极乐观态度
认可矛盾的地方，因为Bio-individuality 生物特异性，适合每个人的健康方式不同
* enabling you to guide yourself 改变自己and your clients in these crucial areas(coaching skills) 影响他人的教练 coaching skills 听问. business skills当作一门生意
*不同领域、角度、观点，矛盾，科学vs.玄学，人和事的共振频率vs.大脑MRI。spirituality 身心灵风水，信仰，显化, 推荐读书<A Happy Pocket Full of Money>
*Guest speakers不同领域的客座讲师，不同风格，尊重多样性。科学家、医生、教授、营养师，也有灵性大师、风水大师、印度阿育吠陀、中医、作家、网红、品牌创始人
*storytelling讲故事的重要性，每个人都有自己的journey和故事
2. 补充大健康的重点 - 宏观和微观
2a. 宏观是大健康包括的具体内容，从Sick care 到 preventative care 治疗到预防的转变具体做的事情;会员费20w美元一年，顶级富豪硅谷大佬的健康顾问Dr.Peter Attia的著作Outlive, The Science and Art of Longevity 超越百岁，长寿的科学与艺术，Med 2.0 - Med 3.0 Peter Attia
2b. 微观是量化，bioindividuality生物特异性 还有Precision medicine;;主要靠量化，量化就要靠数据和指标，那是什么呢？Biomarkers生物标志物
Molecules that indicate normal or abnormal processes in the body, and may indicate an underlying condition or disease. Biomarkers can be DNA (genes), proteins (enzyme), hormones, or other substances. They can be found in blood, stool, urine, tumor tissue, or other bodily fluids.
1. Physiological Biomarkers生理生物标志物：blood, enzyme, protein, hormone, immunology免疫抗体,Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Application: protein expression
testing检测，就是指标，血液唾液尿液粪便。CBC,血糖，维生素和矿物质，激素，肠道菌群；
可穿戴的设备，生物特征识别biometrics, VO2 Max最大摄氧量，HRV，CGM血糖
1. Genomic biomarkers; 基因层面： 一代测序人类基因组计划30亿碱基对ATCG的组合花了10年20亿美元. 二代测序, Illumina 和Ion Torrent 把价格降低，同样人类30亿对基因现在只需要几小时几百美元，超摩尔定律的速度发展，应用更广泛，比如 23&me查祖先和种族;NIPT产前诊断 判断胎儿性别 vs.超声波，筛查唐氏综合症 vs. 羊膜穿刺，现在抽个血就可以测了；一些疾病的筛查比如癌症，举几个例子：
2. 单核苷酸多态 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs):Tiny changes, like switching one letter in a word.Description: Variations at a single nucleotide position in the DNA sequence. SNPs are the most common type of genetic variation among people.
Example: The SNP rs1801133 in the MTHFR gene is associated with an increased risk of certain cardiovascular diseases and other health conditions. 阿兹海默的基因APOE4 Alzheimers
3. Insertions and Deletions (Indels):Adding or removing small parts, like adding or taking out words in a sentence.Description: Variations involving the insertion or deletion of small segments of DNA.
Example: The deletion of three bases in the CFTR gene (ΔF508 mutation) is the most common mutation causing cystic fibrosis肺囊性纤维化.
4. Copy Number Variations (CNVs):Copying parts too many times or not enough, like having too many or too few chapters in a book. 基因表达时出错Description: Variations in the number of copies of a particular gene or genomic region.
Example: Amplification of the HER2 gene in breast cancer leads to overexpression of the HER2 protein, which is a target for specific therapies.乳腺癌
5. Structural Variations:Big rearrangements, like swapping chapters between different books.大部分基因序列错位Description: Large-scale alterations in chromosome structure, including translocations, inversions, and large duplications or deletions.
Example: The Philadelphia chromosome, resulting from a translocation between chromosomes 9 and 22, creates the BCR-ABL 融合基因fusion gene in chronic myeloid leukemia. 白血病
6. Mutations: Like a specific typo in a recipe that changes how it turns out.Description: Changes in the DNA sequence that can affect gene function. Mutations can be somatic (acquired) or germline (inherited).
Example: Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 基因突变 genes increase the risk of breast and ovarian cancers. 乳腺癌和卵巢癌风险增加
