AI 时代学英语还有价值吗？ 在 AI 翻译技术飞速发展的背景下，学习英语是否还有价值 。虽然 AI 翻译很强大 ，但在理解细微差别、文化背景和确保关键领域的准确性上仍有局限 。英语在全球商业、科技和网络中仍占主导地位 。更重要的是，学习英语本身能带来 AI 无法替代的认知提升、文化理解和职业优势 。结论是，AI 应作为辅助工具，而学习英语本身的价值依然巨大 。 1. 核心问题 (The Core Question): * AI 翻译技术 (AI translation technology) 发展迅速，我们还需要努力学英语吗？ * 对话探讨了 AI 的能力 vs. (versus / 对比) 真正懂英语的好处。 2. AI 翻译：强项与弱点 (AI Translation: Strengths & Weaknesses): * 强项 (Strengths): 处理基础翻译 (basic translation) 很快捷，工具易得且便宜 。 * 弱点 (Weaknesses):难抓细微差别 (Nuance/Subtlety): 难懂文化背景、幽默、讽刺、语气 (cultural context, humor, sarcasm, tone) 。 准确性不足 (Accuracy): 对不常用语言或专业领域 (specialized fields) 容易出错 。 实时对话困难 (Real-time Conversation): 嘈杂环境、口音、俚语 (noisy environments, accents, slang) 会干扰 AI 。 3. 英语的重要性 (The Importance of English): * 全球约 15 亿使用者 (1.5 billion speakers)，是国际商务 (international business)、科技 (science & tech)、学术 (academia) 和互联网 (internet) 的主导语言 。 * 懂英语意味着能直接获取大量全球信息和机会 (direct access to global information & opportunities) 。 * 但也可能给非英语使用者带来障碍 (barriers) 。 4. 学习英语的好处 (Benefits of Learning English): * 认知提升 (Cognitive Boost): 锻炼大脑，提升注意力、记忆力，可能延缓认知衰退 (improve attention, memory, potentially delay cognitive decline) 。这是用翻译器得不到的 。 * 文化理解 (Cultural Understanding): 更深入地理解英语文化，促进跨文化交流 (deeper insight into cultures, foster cross-cultural communication) 。 * 人际连接 (Personal Connections): 直接沟通更能建立信任和融洽关系 (build trust and rapport) 。 * 职业发展 (Career Advancement): 在全球化领域是重要优势，增加工作机会和收入潜力 (important advantage in globalized fields) 。 5. 过度依赖 AI 的风险 (Risks of Over-relying on AI): * 错误风险 (Accuracy Risks): 在医疗、法律等高风险领域 (high-stakes fields) 可能造成严重后果 。 * 隐私安全 (Privacy & Security): 存在数据泄露风险 (risk of data leaks) 。 * 偏见问题 (Bias Issues): AI 可能放大训练数据中的偏见 (amplify biases) 。 * 技能退化 (De-skilling): 可能导致自身语言能力下降 (decline in personal language abilities) 。 6. 结论：人机协作 (Conclusion: Human + AI Partnership): * 专家普遍认为 AI 是 辅助工具 (augmentation tool)，而非完全替代品 (replacement) 。 * 学习英语仍然非常有价值 (Learning English remains incredibly valuable) 。 * 未来趋势是 利用 AI (leverage AI)，同时 发展真实的语言能力 (invest in genuine language skills) 。 * 直接用语言沟通带来的深度和丰富性 (depth and richness) 是目前技术无法完全取代的 。 重点词汇和表达 引言 & AI 翻译的能力 (Introduction & AI Capabilities) * staggering: (形容词) 惊人的，难以置信的 * benchmarks: (名词) 基准，衡量标准 * accessible: (形容词) 易得到的，可使用的 * slogging through: (动词短语) 费力地学习/处理 AI 的局限性与细微差别 (AI Limitations & Nuances) * nuance: (名词) 细微差别 * idioms: (名词) 习语，成语 * sarcasm / irony: (名词) 讽刺 / 反语 * subtext: (名词) 潜台词，言外之意 * precision: (名词) 精确性 * crucial: (形容词) 至关重要的 * indemnify: (动词) 赔偿，保障 (法律术语) * vital: (形容词) 极其重要的 * throw (someone) off: (动词短语) 使…困惑，干扰 * ambiguous: (形容词) 模棱两可的 英语的全球重要性 (Global Importance & Dominance of English) * proficiency / proficient: (名词 / 形容词) 精通，熟练 / 精通的 * dominance: (名词) 主导地位 * equity: (名词) 公平，公正 * marginalizing: (动词的现在分词形式) 边缘化 * homogenization (linguistic): (名词) (语言)同质化 学习英语的益处 (Benefits of Learning English) * cognitive: (形容词) 认知的 * rapport: (名词) 融洽关系 * authentic: (形容词) 真实的，真诚的 过度依赖 AI 的风险 (Risks of Over-reliance on AI) * high-stakes: (形容词) 高风险的 * hallucinations (AI): (名词) 指 AI 编造信息 * plausible: (形容词) 貌似可信的 * amplifying biases: (动词短语) 放大偏见 * accountability: (名词) 问责制，责任 * de-skilling: (名词) 技能退化 专家观点与结论 (Expert Views & Conclusion) * augmentation tool: (名词短语) 增强工具 * leverage: (动词) 利用 (尤指为获利) * competence (linguistic): (名词) 能力 (语言能力) 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

哈喽小伙伴们，欢迎收听本期播客！ 你是否曾因为口音不标准而不敢开口说英语呢？是否觉得自己的发音很“中式”，甚至带有方言味儿，害怕被嘲笑？这种“口音羞耻”深深困扰着我们，让我们在沟通时感到自卑、焦虑，甚至因此放弃了表达的机会。 本期节目，我和乔治同学结合亲身经历和语言学知识，跟大家深入讨论了口音的成因、口音与身份认同的关系，以及我们为什么会对口音如此敏感。 说话有口音，本身是非常普遍且正常的，关键在于它是否影响有效沟通，无须追求“完美”。节目后半部分，我们着重介绍了克服口音焦虑、优化发音、提升表达清晰度和自信心的实用策略和三大训练步骤。 我们的目标不是追求完美的口音，而是通过科学的诊断和针对性训练，让发音更清晰，减少沟通障碍，最终能够自信、流利地用中英文表达自己，不再被口音羞耻所束缚！ 🪐 时空穿梭轴 00:03 开场爆笑：买不到 Egg，要不到 Water？那些年我们“开不了口”的英语单词 02:28 “口音警察”出没？聊聊网络上的口音评价与焦虑 03:50 口音是我的身份标签，还是沟通障碍？(主播经历分享) 04:37 深度解析：口音 vs 方言，人人都有口音吗？(地域/年龄/性别影响) 06:29 南腔北调普通话：口音塑造的身份认同与疏离感 (主播经历分享) 11:44 语言故事：一个单词如何区分敌我？(Shibboleth 的启示) 13:42 科学揭秘：为什么我们对“不标准”的发音格外敏感？(神经科学视角) 17:00 “口音羞耻”再探讨：为何在特定环境下方言会让我们尴尬？ 20:11 “纠音”也内耗？为什么被纠正发音时容易烦躁 (认知负荷) 23:48 英语口音大作战：从“不自觉”到“下决心改变”的历程 26:17 香港同学给我的启发：自信表达比“标准口音”更重要？ 29:30 走出舒适区：真实反馈是发现发音问题的关键 36:37 目标设定：我需要练成“母语者”口音吗？(关键期假说) 38:39 自我诊断：中国人常见的英语发音难点有哪些？(TH/TD/S/元音等) 43:55 告别哑巴英语：三大发音训练法（跟读/针对练习/慢速朗读） 47:15 发音也是“体力活”？聊聊口腔肌肉记忆训练 49:30 见证你的进步：如何建立并使用“声音日记” 51:13 实战演练：利用 AI 和真人语伴进行情境练习 55:30 进阶之路：掌握发音规则，让练习更高效 (不仅仅是模仿！) 57:52 终极提醒：专注练习，10-20分钟 > 1小时无意识磨蹭 BTW：乔治同学讲解 t/d 发音的视频，可以在这里找到：兔two傻傻分不清楚 我们也提到了一个包含多种口音朗读同一段文字的声音档案库，供大家对比学习：the Speech Accent Archive 我们还提到的“语音识别实验”文本段落（适合练习发音和录制声音日记）: Please call Stella. Ask her to bring these things with her from the store: Six spoons of fresh snow peas, five thick slabs of blue cheese, and maybe a snack for her brother Bob. We also need a small plastic snake and a big toy frog for the kids. She can scoop these things into three red bags, and we will go meet her Wednesday at the train station. 我们在小报童上专门写了一个专栏《AI+ 英语学习手册》，详细介绍了如何利用 AI 诊断发音问题、进行跟读模仿和对话练习，欢迎感兴趣的小伙伴订阅！ 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

Understanding & Improving Language Accent * 1. Personal Experiences & Impact Communication Breakdowns (Simple words like "eggs", "water" misunderstood) Accent as a Barrier Self-consciousness / Accent Shame (Feeling embarrassed) Confidence (Importance of confident expression, e.g., Hong Kong speakers) Accent & Identity (Feeling like an outsider vs. connection/belonging) * 2. Nature of Accents Accent vs. Dialect (Accent is pronunciation variation within a dialect/language) Accents are Normal (Everyone has one, influenced by region, age, gender) Neurological Sensitivity (Brain notices deviations from expected sounds) Speech Accommodation (Unconscious tendency to adapt speech to others) * 3. Challenges in Learning & Correction Lack of Awareness (Difficulty hearing differences initially) Influence of Teachers' Accents Ingrained Habits (Formed without early feedback) Cognitive Overload (Difficulty focusing on meaning and mechanics when corrected) Receiving Feedback (Can cause irritation; better to be positive and specific) * 4. Strategies for Improvement A. Setting Goals Focus on Clarity & Comprehensibility (Not native-like perfection) Understand the "Critical Period Hypothesis" (Native accent harder for adults) B. Diagnosing Issues Identify Specific Problem Sounds (e.g., 'th', 't'/'d' placement, vowels, 's') Feedback Loop (Importance of realizing when misunderstanding occurs) C. Training Techniques Imitation / Follow-up Training (Mimic a clear model speaker) Targeted Exercises (Focus on specific sounds, build muscle memory) Slow, Exaggerated Reading (Train muscles, articulate clearly) Voice Diary (Record yourself, track progress, build awareness) Contextual Practice (Use English in real conversations) Understand Rules (Connected speech, stress, rhythm - the "music" of English) D. Tools & Caveats Phonetic Symbols (Useful guide, but not the whole picture) AI Tools / Tutoring (Can help with practice) Need for Real Interaction (Essential for authentic feedback) * 5. Final Thoughts Accent is part of identity, improvement is possible if needed for clarityIncreased awareness enhances appreciation for communication diversity 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

Main Themes and Important Insights 1. The Role of AI in English Learning: * AI for Simple Communication vs. Deeper Connection: While AI translation tools are excellent for basic communication (e.g., ordering food), they are insufficient for building real human connections, understanding cultural nuances, or professional communication. * Language Learning Beyond Translation: Learning a language is about communication, connection, and understanding culture, which AI cannot fully replicate. Cultural concepts often lack direct equivalents across languages. * AI as a Learning Aid: AI tools can support learning by improving efficiency and providing feedback on pronunciation and grammar, facilitating deliberate practice. * Challenging the Idea of Replacing Teachers: The notion that AI negates the need for teachers and structured learning is implicit in the discussion about systematic learning. 2. Effectiveness of Fragmented Learning: * Systematic Fragmented Learning is Key: Learning in short bursts of time can be effective if it's systematic, with a clear learning path and connection between different learning activities. * Importance of Clear Goals: Learners need to know what English skills they aim to acquire to make fragmented learning meaningful. * Utilizing the CEFR Framework: The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) can help learners understand their current level and set appropriate learning goals. Most Chinese learners fall between A2 and B1 levels initially. * Learning Materials Should Be Slightly Above Current Level: To be effective, practice materials should challenge learners but not be so difficult as to be incomprehensible. 3. Rethinking Vocabulary and Grammar Learning: * Vocabulary Learning Beyond Memorization: While vocabulary size is important, the focus should shift from passive recognition to active use in context. * Goal-Oriented Vocabulary Learning: The method of vocabulary acquisition should align with the learning goal (e.g., test-taking vs. spoken communication). For output-focused learning, understanding and practicing words in context is crucial. * Deliberate Practice for Active Vocabulary: Consciously trying to use new words in real-life scenarios or creating sentences helps convert passive vocabulary into active vocabulary. AI can assist in this process by providing examples and feedback. 4. Effective Grammar Learning: * Grammar for Communication, Not Just Theory: Overemphasis on theoretical grammar rules and abstract exercises (like complex subjunctive questions) hinders practical application and communication skills. * Moving Beyond Simple Sentence Structures: Learners should consciously practice using varied grammatical structures and avoid relying solely on basic patterns like starting every sentence with "I." AI can help generate alternative sentence constructions. 5. Effective Pronunciation Learning: * Beyond Phonetic Symbols: Simply mastering the 48 phonetic symbols is insufficient for good pronunciation due to changes in connected speech, stressed/unstressed syllables, reduced vowels, and consonant-vowel combinations. * Focus on Key Challenges for Chinese Speakers: Learners should prioritize sounds that are different or absent in Chinese (e.g., "th" sound, diphthongs) and focus on features of connected speech (e.g., lost plosives, linking sounds, intonation, rhythm). * Importance of Feedback: Feedback, whether from AI speech recognition or real conversations, is crucial for identifying and correcting pronunciation errors. * Overcoming Fear of Accent: Learners should not let the fear of having an accent prevent them from speaking. Speaking more leads to discovering areas for improvement. * Realistic Expectations from Native Speakers: Native speakers generally have realistic expectations for non-native speakers, and clear communication is valued. However, at intermediate and advanced levels, language competence can influence perceptions of overall competence, particularly in professional settings. * Prioritize Speaking and Then Refining: The most important step is to start speaking. Refinement of pronunciation can come later with feedback. 6. Shifting Learning Mindset: * Aim for Spoken Fluency: The overarching goal should be to speak English confidently. Vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar are tools to achieve this goal. * Focus on Practical Application: Learning should be oriented towards real-world use and communication rather than just theoretical knowledge. * Embrace Mistakes as Part of Learning: Fear of making mistakes should be overcome to facilitate practice and improvement. 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

Main Themes and Important Ideas 1. The Shift from Exam-Focused to Communication-Focused Learning: * The podcast acknowledges that while many initially learn English for exams, the goal for many has shifted towards using English for real communication. * Focusing solely on exams can lead to an overemphasis on techniques rather than genuine improvement in overall proficiency. * Improving the four core skills (listening, speaking, reading, writing) will naturally lead to better exam scores. 1. The Input-Output-Interaction Learning Pathway: * A practical learning pathway is introduced, starting with input skills (listening and reading), moving to output (speaking and writing), and ultimately focusing on interaction. * The key is to apply this pathway using a single topic to connect the different skills. 1. Strategies for Effective Input (Listening and Reading): * Listening:Start with a general listen and then move to intensive listening if comprehension is low. * Intensive listening involves using transcripts, looking up unfamiliar words, and repeated listening to smaller sections. * Focus on collecting useful expressions relevant to the chosen topic. * Recognize and train for connected speech, stress, weak forms, and reductions through techniques like shadowing. * Chunking: Treat common phrases (e.g., "a lot of," "would've been") as whole units rather than separate words. * Shadowing: Repeating what someone says while they are still speaking, focusing on rhythm and intonation rather than immediate meaning. Start with partial shadowing (last few words) or silent mouthing if full shadowing is difficult. * Reading:Find reading materials related to the listening content, possibly at a slightly easier level if the listening was challenging. * Focus on understanding unfamiliar words and expressions in context through multiple related articles (e.g., reviews, comments). * Repeated exposure to vocabulary in different but related contexts aids long-term memory. * Avoid excessive vocabulary memorization at the initial reading stage. 1. Strategies for Effective Output (Writing and Speaking): * Writing:Start with writing around the chosen topic to prepare for speaking. * Use AI tools for revision, focusing on sentence-by-sentence improvements rather than complete rewrites. * Provide clear prompts to AI, specifying the desired level of revision and feedback (e.g., acting as an English teacher, revising sentence by sentence without major changes). * Ask AI for explanations of its revisions to understand areas for improvement. * Structure thoughts before writing using personal outlines (e.g., summarize, share opinion, make a conclusion) to overcome the "not knowing what to say" barrier. * Speaking:Build upon the input and writing done previously. * Use the Feynman Technique by explaining the learned content to oneself or an imaginary person. * Start by memorizing scripts and then gradually improvise. * Utilize AI for semantic feedback on spoken English, asking for revisions and identifying potential pronunciation issues when words are not recognized. * Practice presenting the topic as if giving a real presentation to improve delivery. * Resist the urge to rely on scripts during practice to prepare for natural interaction. 1. The Crucial Role of Interaction: * The ultimate goal of language learning is real-time interaction. * Prepare for interaction by anticipating potential questions and considering different perspectives. * Leverage AI agents as conversation partners to simulate real-life discussions on the chosen topic, including role-playing. * Engage in real conversations with others when possible, even if not fully prepared. * Recognize that most people are patient and understanding towards non-native speakers. * Prepare for specific interactions by researching relevant topics to build connections and have something to talk about. * Quote: "Our ultimate focus is on spoken interaction...communication between people is interactive. It involves both listening and speaking, reading and writing. So, ultimately, we need to focus on the integrated use of all four skills, which is reflected in real-time interaction between people—what we call interactional skills." 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

I. Harriet's Contemporary Story & Her Connection to the Past: * Personal History and Heritage: Harriet is in Paris and feels a profound connection to a dress displayed in a museum, recognizing it as part of her "shared histories" and "my own personal history." This sets up the central theme of exploring family history and legacy. * Seeking Identity and Purpose: Harriet's move to Paris and her interest in fashion, despite her father's disapproval, suggest a desire to forge her own path and connect with her past. The encouragement from her grandmother Claire and her friends in a photograph fuels this journey. * Uncertainty about Family Legacy: While drawn to her ancestors, Harriet harbors anxieties about their past, particularly her grandmother Claire's relationship with a German officer during the war, Ernst. She fears inheriting "shame and guilt" and questions the nature of her family's legacy. * Impact of Mother's Depression: Harriet reflects on her mother's life and wonders if a difficult family legacy contributed to her "fragility" and the "depression that ultimately destroyed her." This suggests a deeper exploration of intergenerational trauma. * Developing Relationships: Harriet is forming connections in Paris, notably with Simone, a colleague, and Thierry, with whom a romantic interest is blossoming. These relationships provide a contemporary backdrop and potential for support as she delves into her family history. * Personal Growth and Finding Strength: Through learning about her grandmother's history, particularly her Breton roots and bravery during the war, Harriet begins to feel a sense of connection and strength within herself, overcoming feelings of inadequacy. * Traumatic Event: A traumatic incident involving a speeding van and a terrorist plot leaves Harriet severely injured and in a coma. This event serves as a potential catalyst for deeper reflection and change. II. Claire, Mireille, and Vivienne's Story During World War II: * Life Under German Occupation in Paris (1940-1942): The excerpts vividly portray the daily realities of life in occupied Paris, including curfews, the presence of German soldiers, rationing (implied by scarce food and chocolate being a luxury), and the continuation of the fashion industry under special licenses. * Resistance Activities: Mireille becomes involved in the French Resistance, undertaking tasks such as delivering messages and potentially sheltering individuals. This highlights the bravery and risks taken by ordinary citizens. * Friendship and Support: Claire, Mireille, and Vivienne, who live and work together as seamstresses at Delavigne Couture, form a strong bond of friendship and offer each other support in difficult times. * Moral Ambiguity and Complicated Relationships: Claire enters into a relationship with Ernst, a German officer, which creates tension and moral conflict, particularly with her brother Jean-Paul. This explores the complexities of survival and personal choices during wartime. * Infiltration and Deception: Vivienne's character raises suspicion. While seemingly a friend, there are hints of a hidden agenda and potential connection to Monsieur Leroux, suggesting a more complex role within the wartime context. * Deportation and Concentration Camps: Vivienne's later experiences in a concentration camp are revealed, highlighting the brutal realities faced by those deemed enemies of the Nazi regime. The descriptions of the triangles and her act of sabotage underscore the resilience and resistance within the camps. * Loss and Capture: The arrest of Monsieur and Madame Arnaud, and later the capture of Claire and Vivienne by the Gestapo, demonstrate the constant danger faced by those involved in resistance activities. * Acts of Defiance and Resilience: Despite the hardships, the women demonstrate acts of defiance, such as Vivienne's sabotage in the factory and Claire's courageous stand against Ernst. Their resilience in the face of oppression is a central theme. III. Parallels and Connections Between the Narratives: * Fashion as a Backdrop: The world of haute couture serves as a common thread connecting the two timelines. For Harriet, it's a career and a link to her grandmother's past; for Claire, Mireille, and Vivienne, it's their profession and a part of the fabric of their lives in occupied Paris. * Themes of Identity and Legacy: Both narratives explore the characters' search for identity and grapple with the weight of family history and personal choices. * Courage and Resilience: The stories of Claire, Mireille, and Vivienne highlight their courage and resilience in the face of war, qualities that Harriet seems to be discovering within herself through their story. * Impact of the Past on the Present: Harriet's emotional reactions to her grandmother's story and the echoes of past trauma in her nightmares demonstrate how the events of the war continue to impact subsequent generations. 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

郑诗画有很多名字，我熟悉的有佐老师，Zoe 和不冬。 佐老师的大名郑诗画是她的妈妈起的，希望她能既能写诗，又能画画，最好还能弹古筝。但是现实中，佐老师却成为了敲键盘码字的女生。弹古筝和敲键盘也差不多吧，她认为，好像两个都是令人满意的“指间功夫”。 当然，佐老师没有真正做过老师。当年我们还是同事的时候，大概是感受到了她的不凡修养，我便把她的英文名 Zoe（佐一）延伸成了这个名字。 不冬，则是她公众号名字，起这个名字一是希望自己的世界永不过冬，一是觉着不冬很像一个拟声词，有点像掉进水里的那个“扑通”一声。 目前，佐老师已经出版了三本译作，分别是艾丽丝·门罗（没错！就是诺贝尔文学奖得主门罗！）的《幸福过了头》，J.R.R. 托尔金（没错！就是写了《指环王》的托尔金！）的《星眉传奇》，还有刚刚问世的菲奥娜·瓦尔皮的《裁缝师的礼物》。我们有时候会叫她大文学家和翻译家，开玩笑说等她大火了就卖她的签名赚钱，她一边说着「谢谢你们哦」，一边说「还是等晚年再叫我翻译家吧，我现在是青年译者郑诗画」。 此外，佐老师在公众号「不冬」上，一年写了 13 万字记录了自己《三十岁的这一年》。日复一日的输出，说起来好像只是每天写下自己的生活就可以了，但是「想得深一些」，日有所写，绝非易事。「如果可以，我也会一直写下去」，看来，晚年我们还可以叫她大作家。 另外，播客中还提到👇 佐老师的小红书账号「译者郑诗画」，欢迎大家亲自去关注她～ 后浪文学出版社的《暮色将尽》： 电影《荒野生存》Into the Wild (2007)： 美剧《老友记》： 柏琳老师的原创作品《边界的诱惑》： 加西亚·马尔克斯 的电影《百年孤独》和书《活着为了讲述》 加西亚·马尔克斯 的自传体小说：《活着为了讲述》 电影《一天》One day : 后浪文学出版社的《灯塔》： 美剧《我们这一天》This is Us : 🪐 时空穿梭轴 02:18 名字的由来：「不冬」希望永不过冬，「诗画」既不作诗也不画画 03:55 佐老师的交友法则：主动凑近有趣的人 08:37 被神奇的人和事共同作用出人生重大选择 17:29 自由职业带来的“不自由” 21:54 表达输出拒绝自我完美主义批判，「写了不发就等于没写！」 28:40 开始写作的契机，源于恋爱的小情绪 30:32 《三十岁这一年》的 13 万字，是“疯狂的印记” 31:51 假的东西无法长久 36:35 掌声到来的时候，可能已经没有那么重要了 49:00 水到渠成走上文学翻译的道路 52:50 翻译会一直存在，但仍然需要和世界其它的部分交互 57:32 当一件事情你做过了，它就不存在了 58:32 长大后的我们，开始不再羡慕任何人 01:07:36 知道，永远比不知道更重要 01:18:38 看《荒野生存》：“幸福只有在被分享的时候才是最真切的” 01:21:57 译《裁缝师的礼物》：“离我最近的一本译作” 01:34:22 读《灯塔》：“感谢作者给我了一个光明的结局” 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

哈喽小伙伴们，今天是我们英语学习经验分享的下期内容～ 很多时候，我们想要实现口语交流，但是在练听说读写的时候，练习的过程总是割裂的，关联不是那么明显的，甚至是盲目的。这就导致我们学了新的，忘了旧的，刚开始学习的热情很高，但学了很久仍然无法开口，难免陷入挫败感。 本期介绍的英语学习路径包括：输入 - 输出 - 交互，最终的目标是实现口语交流。这个路径的前提是我们在开始之前就选定合适的话题，同时这个话题内容贯穿于我们的整个学习路径，最终实现就此话题进行交流。 掌握一个话题之后，我们可以把这个方法复制到其它话题，最终你会发现和别人交流不同的话题，游刃有余似乎也没有那么难！ 🪐 时空穿梭轴 02:07 在“输入-输出-交互”路径下，听说读写练习终于可以“融为一体” 05:38 目标话题导向，练习不再盲目 06:48 “缺啥补啥”原则，话题选择一定要投己所好/需 09:06 听不懂一定不要硬听，避免陷入磨耳朵误区 11:36 练听力时要做个“有心人” 13:52 阅读积累要有“相关性” 17:56 听力阅读不要忘了口语表达的目标 20:11 “识别语块”帮助我们轻松提高语音 22:30 i 人极度友好的“影子跟读”到底怎么跟 28:21 输出困难不妨开始写一写 34:26 掌握口语表达 SOP，开口不再困难 44:01 为了交朋友我也是拼了，在国际航班上恶补中东历史 BTW 我们提到的纪录片在 B 站就可以搜到，名字是“主厨的餐桌”～ 我们在小报童上专门写了一个专栏《AI+ 英语学习手册》，详细介绍了如何使用 AI 训练听说读写各项技能，欢迎感兴趣的小伙伴订阅！ 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

过年期间，如果你关注了互联网话题，那其中一定有 AI 大语言模型产品 DeepSeek “横空出世”。如果说 ChatGPT 的使用有一定的障碍，那 DeepSeek 则基本上完全打通了道路。大。任何人只要装上 APP，就能够和 AI 畅聊无阻。也许很多人会认为，AI 现在发展的如此之快，翻译水平更是不再话下，学英语的必要性大大折扣。 除了应时而生的这些观点外，还有一些现象则是困扰学习者多年。比如，每次开始学英语的漫漫征途，都觉着第一步是要开始背单词。然而“词海”似乎浩瀚无边，刚开始不久，就发现简直无聊到快要“溺水”，遂放弃。还有一种说法：无论是单词、词汇还是语法，都没必要刻意学习，我们应该像母语者国家的婴儿一样学语言，“浸泡”的时间足够久了，自然就会了。更让人受挫的可能是，我认真背了半天的单词，练了很久的语音，学了很久的语法，可想要与人交流的时候，仍然开口无言。 语言学习的探索之路也许坎坷，「为我所用」如果是终极目标的话，那我们在探寻这条道路的要始终记得：为什么要出发。 🪐 时空穿梭轴 Part 1: 关于英语学习的一些思维误区 1. AI 可能并不是你的“救命稻草” 04:37 有了高水平 AI 翻译工具，学英语的必要性 09:07 语言能力的提升带来更加“开放”的状态 2. 碎片化可能摧毁你的语言系统 12:52 碎片化学习是否有效的关键之一：到底有多碎 14:45 碎片化学习是否有效的关键之二：是否是系统的碎片 3. 自然习得论：成年人并不是“超级婴儿” 23:58 婴儿确实有语言关键期，但成年人并非毫无优势 Part 2: 以应用为目的，攻克词汇、语音和语法“三座语言知识大山” 1. 词汇学习 32:12 学英语的“条件反射”是背单词 34:32 从目标出发，选择学习方法 35:49 在场景中用单词，实现多感官输入和自然输出 2. 语音学习 41:08 语音学习单死磕音标远远不够 45:56 口头实战获得反馈才能有的放矢 48:40 最重要的语音问题反而最容易纠正 49:27 “害怕”往往来源于自己的假设 3. 语法学习 56:22 怕犯错就不说（或只说简单句）会让我们止步不前 57:46 拒绝“语法范式”，增加表达多样性的小技巧 本期我们讨论了如何积累词汇、语音和语法三大语言知识，下期我们将会分享如何提升听说读写四大语言技能～ 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

Key Takeaways: * Happiness is not solely determined by genetics or life circumstances; voluntary actions play a crucial role. * Focus on building character strengths and virtues. * Cultivate positive emotions about the past through forgiveness and gratitude. * Engage in present moment activities that are both pleasurable and gratifying. * Develop an optimistic view of the future. * Be deliberate in shaping interpretations and perceptions of one's experiences. Key Concepts & Ideas: Positive Psychology vs. Mental Illness Focus Enduring Happiness vs. Momentary Happiness The Happiness Equation: H = S + C + V: * Happiness (H) is presented as a sum of three components: Set range (S), Circumstances (C), and Voluntary control (V). * S (Set Range): This is the genetic and biological predisposition towards a certain baseline level of happiness. This also includes the concept of the "hedonic treadmill" where people adapt to life changes quickly. * C (Circumstances): Life events, such as wealth, health, and relationships, have an impact but not as strong as one may expect, especially over the long term. The author notes that changing life circumstances is often impractical and expensive, though some circumstances can improve happiness. * V (Voluntary Control): This is the most important component, emphasizing that individuals have the power to influence their happiness levels through choices and actions, focusing on areas such as the past, present and future. This includes practices like forgiveness, optimism and focusing on strengths and virtues. This concept is further explored in subsequent chapters. The Role of Strengths and Virtues: * The book emphasizes identifying and developing personal strengths as crucial to genuine happiness. * It provides a list of 24 strengths, grouped under six core virtues: wisdom, courage, humanity, justice, temperance, and transcendence. * Strengths are contrasted with talents: strengths are moral traits that are malleable, are valued in most cultures, and are valuable in their own right, not just as a means to another end. Talents, by contrast, are non-moral and not as easily learned. Happiness in the Past, Present, and Future: * The document divides happiness into three temporal categories: happiness about the past (satisfaction, contentment), the present (pleasure, gratification), and the future (optimism, hope). * Past: Focus on the importance of interpretation, forgiveness, and gratitude as ways to positively shape one's memories of the past and to stop being a "prisoner" of one's past. A scale for measuring one's level of forgiveness is provided. * Present: Emphasis on both pleasures (sensory delights that are fleeting) and gratifications (activities that are engaging and fulfilling, using strengths), and the ability to 'savor' experiences. * Future: Optimism and future-mindedness are discussed as vital for sustained happiness, but are not detailed in this section. Optimism and Explanatory Style: * Optimism is presented as a key element of well-being, which includes the ability to have a positive attitude about the future. * Pessimism is linked to a sense of helplessness that can extend across a person's life. The author focuses on the permanence (believing that bad events will persist) and pervasiveness (believing bad events will impact all aspects of life) dimensions of pessimism. * A test to measure one's explanatory style, specifically their level of optimism, is provided and scored. 1. Meaning and Purpose * The book moves into a discussion on meaning and purpose in life and relates these concepts to the positive psychology movement, highlighting its importance. * The author suggests that people can choose lives focused on increasing knowledge, power, or goodness, and that this choice is a key aspect of meaning. 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

我们的播客也迎来第一期的嘉宾倪老师，倪老师也是我和乔治同学的瑜伽老师～标题中的“梅子红”，是我采访倪老师时穿的毛衣的颜色，给大家浅浅 po 一张照片。 我原来的穿衣风格多以黑白灰棕为主，就算是彩色，也一定是低饱和度的彩。但是自从练习了瑜伽开始，有一种身体被打开了之后，心理也得到了更多的抚慰的感觉～我发现自己也渐渐爱上了高饱和度的颜色。 “梅子红”在我的感受里，已经不只是温暖的颜色，更是一种积极接纳和拥抱生活的态度。 教室里的倪老师～ 旅行中的倪老师～ 倪老师说，她每天都觉着自己被一种幸福包围着，每天在走路的时候都觉着自己好幸福呀。我很好奇，这种幸福源于何处，相信这期播客可以给我们带来一些答案。 🪐 时间穿梭轴 00:56 每天都被幸福包围是怎样一种感受 05:16 “瑜伽不是改变了我的生活，而是颠覆了我的生活状态” 11:37 在广场上做了三年公益瑜伽，在学员的呼吁下开了第一家瑜伽馆 13:25 女儿眼中练习瑜伽的妈妈：外在越来越美，内在越来越自由 17:01 瑜伽辅具让小白也能标准上手～ 19:54 “瑜伽心理学”：接纳自己，拒绝和别人比较 26:07 倪老师的坚持：作为瑜伽老师，不练普拉提 32:08 瑜伽意识进入生活，远比每周上一两个小时的课重要 33:37 瑜伽偏见：不只是适合女生，男生也适合！ 再来一波课堂上的彩色瑜伽照吧～看了一下我和倪老师的衣服真的都是五彩斑斓啊哈哈哈！ 椅子瑜伽～ 肩颈课～ 墙绳课～上的乔治 播客里提到的把杆课～ 马上就要农历新年啦！ 祝播英腔的友友们新年快乐！新的一年希望我们都能够更好滴打开自己，接纳自己，和自己做朋友！🧘‍♀️ 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～

Key Themes and Ideas: 1. The Prevalence of Bullshit: * Frankfurt begins by asserting that bullshit is a widespread phenomenon in contemporary culture. "One of the most salient features of our culture is that there is so much bullshit. Everyone knows this. Each of us contributes his share." * He notes that despite its ubiquity, there has been little serious study of bullshit. We tend to take it for granted and often believe we are good at recognizing it. * This lack of inquiry means that we have no clear understanding of what bullshit is, why it's so prevalent, and its impact. "In consequence, we have no clear understanding of what bullshit is, why there is so much of it, or what functions it serves. And we lack a conscientiously developed appreciation of what it means to us." 2. Defining Bullshit and its Distinction from Lying: * Frankfurt argues that bullshit is distinct from lying, not simply a less serious form of it. The key difference is the bullshitter's relationship to truth. * Lying: The liar is concerned with the truth, even if their aim is to deceive. They must believe something is false in order to assert the opposite. "In order to invent a lie at all, he must think he knows what is true. And in order to invent an effective lie, he must design his falsehood under the guidance of that truth." They are on the opposite side of truth, but still in relation to it. * Bullshitting: The bullshitter doesn't care about truth or falsity; their primary concern is to achieve their own aim. They might present a falsehood or truth or anything in between, but it's all done without concern for accuracy. "For the bullshitter, however, all these bets are off: he is neither on the side of the true nor on the side of the false. His eye is not on the facts at all, as the eyes of the honest man and of the liar are, except insofar as they may be pertinent to his interest in getting away with what he says." * The Bullshitter's Focus: "What he does necessarily attempt to deceive us about is his enterprise. His only indispensably distinctive characteristic is that in a certain way he misrepresents what he is up to." * Analogy to fakery: Frankfurt argues that bullshit is like a fake. "For the essence of bullshit is not that it is false but that it is phony. ... What is not genuine need not also be defective in some other way. It may be, after all, an exact copy. What is wrong with a counterfeit is not what it is like, but how it was made." The issue is not the content's accuracy, but the manner in which it was produced. 3. Bull Sessions and Other Forms of Bull: * Frankfurt discusses "bull sessions" where people engage in conversation where the usual assumptions about truth and belief are suspended. The point is less about accurate reporting and more about "trying out various thoughts and attitudes." These sessions are "not for real" in terms of truth commitment. * He examines the use of "bull" to refer to "unnecessary routine tasks or ceremonial" noting that they, like bullshit, are "disconnected from the legitimating motives of the activity upon which they intrude." * He unpacks the link between bullshit and "hot air," where speech is "empty, without substance or content" and does not serve the purpose of communication. 4. The Greater Danger of Bullshit than Lying: * Frankfurt argues that bullshit is a greater enemy of truth than lies because the bullshitter does not even acknowledge the authority of truth. "He does not reject the authority of the truth, as the liar does, and oppose himself to it. He pays no attention to it at all." * He notes that the act of lying requires a respect for truth to exist - the liar must know the truth in order to turn away from it. The bullshitter's complete disregard for truth is more corrosive. 5. Why So Much Bullshit? * Frankfurt suggests that bullshit is prevalent because people often feel obligated to speak on topics they know little about, or when they are pressured to have opinions on everything, a phenomenon especially common in democratic societies. * He also identifies a deeper cause: skeptical views that reject the possibility of accessing objective reality. This has led some people to prioritize sincerity and "being true to one's self" over the pursuit of truth. However, Frankfurt points out that even our understanding of ourselves is not always solid or reliable. 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想，或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论～