EP31(双语)英语“废话”指南,但建议全文背诵!The Art of Waffling

英语冰美式

英剧 Yes Minister《是,大臣》里的Humphrey爵士,堪称“废话文学”天花板!想听懂高级废话,甚至必要时“优雅糊弄”? 今天,我们就来拆解这位顶级官僚的语言迷魂阵,学两招职场必备神技:​​“注水大法”​​帮你优雅拖延思考时间,​​“免责大法”​​让你说话不被甩锅!🎯 Sir Humphrey Appleby的两段“废话” 1. Straight Answer Well, Minister, if you ask me for a straight answer, then I shall say that, as far as we can see, looking at it by and large, taking one time with another in terms of the average of departments, then in the final analysis it is probably true to say, that at the end of the day, in general terms, you would probably find that, not to put too fine a point on it, there probably wasn't very much in it one way or the other. As far as one can see, at this stage. 2. Happy Christmas I wonder if I might crave your momentary indulgence in order to discharge a by no means disagreeable obligation which has, over the years, become more or less established practice in government service as we approach the terminal period of the year — calendar, of course, not financial — in fact, not to put too fine a point on it, Week Fifty-One — and submit to you, with all appropriate deference, for your consideration at a convenient juncture, a sincere and sanguine expectation — indeed confidence — indeed one might go so far as to say hope — that the aforementioned period may be, at the end of the day, when all relevant factors have been taken into consideration, susceptible to being deemed to be such as to merit a final verdict of having been by no means unsatisfactory in its overall outcome and, in the final analysis, to give grounds for being judged, on mature reflection, to have been conducive to generating a degree of gratification which will be seen in retrospect to have been significantly higher than the general average. 第一段话 (“直截了当的回答”) 注水表达 (Filler Expressions) 这些短语的作用是拉长时间,堆砌篇幅,营造出深思熟虑的假象,但信息量几乎为零 。 * as far as we can see (就我们所见) * by and large (总的来说) * in the final analysis (归根结底) * at the end of the day (说到底) * in general terms (泛泛地说) 免责表达 (Hedging Expressions) 这些短语和词汇为表达增添了不确定性,是为日后改变说法预留后路的“安全阀” 。 * it is probably true to say (大概可以这么说) - 文稿中提到,既然已经“true”(真实)了,还要加上“probably”(可能),这就是留后路的艺术 。 * you would probably find (你或许会发现) * not to put too fine a point on it (说得不那么绝对的话) * as far as we can see (就目前来看) * at this stage (就现阶段来看) - 文稿称其为“终极的免责声明”,暗示未来情况可能会变化 。 第二段话 (“圣诞快乐”的祝福) 注水表达 (Filler Expressions) 这段话被誉为“注水大法的完美教学”,通过极其迂回、过度礼貌和不必要的精确来拉长句子 。 * I wonder if I might crave your momentary indulgence (不知我是否能奢求您片刻的纵容) - 这被解释为一种极致的、过度礼貌的说法,其实就是“能打扰您一下吗” 。 * in order to discharge a by no means disagreeable obligation (为的是去履行一项愉快的义务) - 这被认为是一种非常正式的说法 。 * as we approach the terminal period of the year (当我们临近一年的终期) - 这是对“年底”的书面化、浮夸说法 。 * calendar, of course, not financial (当然是日历年,不是财年) - 文稿指出这是一个“100%的废话”,但成功地让发言听起来更专业 。 * a sincere and sanguine expectation — indeed confidence — indeed one might go so far as to say hope (一个真诚乐观的期望——不,是信心——甚至可以说是希望) - 文稿分析这实际上是在拖长句子,显得自己特别真诚 。 * susceptible to being deemed to be such as to merit a final verdict of (能够被认为是足以被最终裁定为……的) - 这被描述为公文中常见的、极其绕口的写法,目的是让句子显得客观正式 。 * conducive to generating a degree of gratification (有助于产生满足感) - 实际上就是“make you happy”(让你开心) 的意思 。 * significantly higher than the general average (显著高于通常的平均水平) - 实际上就是“very”(非常) 的意思 。 免责表达 (Hedging Expressions) 这段话中同样穿插着用于规避责任和柔化语气的表达。 * not to put too fine a point on it (恕我直言) - 文稿再次提到这是一个免责声明的表达 。 * by no means unsatisfactory (绝不令人不满意) - 这是一个典型的双重否定,通过否定一个负面词来表达肯定,但语气比直接说“satisfactory”(令人满意) 要弱,留有余地 。 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

17分钟
99+
5个月前

EP30(双语)“课本上学不到的”英语俚语 Making sense of -ass

英语冰美式

“long-ass day”, “crazy-ass idea”, “bad-ass attitude” – 英语母语者嘴边这些带 “-ass” 的词,听起来特地道,特有劲儿,可是我们却总是不敢轻易使用,生怕一不小心就用错场合、显得粗鲁。 Fear not! 我今天就来为你彻底解密这个俚语中的“秘密武器”。我们将深入它的语言学“基因”,一次说清这个看似“粗俗”的后缀,是如何从一个简单的词演变成表达强调、意外甚至亲密感的利器。让你不仅知道它“是什么”,更明白它“为什么”这么用。准备好升级你的口语了吗? 英文音频部分:Ismo Leikola 脱口秀片段 * 00:08:23 开场:英语学习的趣事 (Opening: Funny English Learning Moments) Ismo (来自芬兰) 聊移居美国后学英语的挑战 。 例如:理解 "What's up?" 的回应 ;"Can I help you?" 的弦外之音 。 * 00:09:30 核心段子:揭秘单词 "Ass" (Main Bit: Unpacking "Ass") Ismo 称 "ass" 是最难掌握的英语单词,含义远超其字面意思(屁股) 。 "-ass" 的多变用法举例: 有时可选/不改变原意: "lazy ass" (懒) ;"long ass flight" (长途飞行) ;"grown ass man" (成年人) 。结论:给词加上 "ass" 能让它听起来更酷 ("blue ass shirt") 。 有时反转词义: "bad ass" (好/牛) vs "bad" (坏)。但 "dumb ass" 仍是 "dumb" (笨) 。 "your ass" vs "my ass": "your ass" 指“你自己(及所有物)”("move your ass") ;"my ass" 表示不信/否定 ("fast my ass") 。 "ass" 还能被分割: "an ass" (笨蛋) ;"half ass" (马虎/不专注) ;"a piece of ass" (漂亮的人,但Ismo在此处做了幽默的转折) 。 * 00:13:22 吐槽其他英语现象 (Other English Quirks) 抱怨人们在听到脏话时只会喊 "language!",认为这种提醒太宽泛 。 讲述在语言课上练习绕口令 "she sells seashells by the seashore" 的痛苦经历,并质疑其实用性 。 幽默分析在海边卖贝壳是个糟糕的商业点子 。 * 00:17:22 结束 (Ending) Ismo Leikola 感谢观众 。 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

17分钟
99+
5个月前

EP29 (双语) 英语委婉语:语言“过度包装”现象 On Euphemism

英语冰美式

当“被解雇”变成了“恭喜毕业”,“Toilet paper”变成了 “Bathroom tissue”, “poor people”变成了"Economically Disadvantaged",“old people”变成了 “senior citizen”,语言为现实套上厚厚的“美颜滤镜”,我们究竟是在逃避,还是在变得更文明?本期节目,我们跟随美国喜剧大师乔治·卡林(George Carlin)的犀利吐槽,一起揭开委婉语背后,那些关于体面、恐惧和真相的秘密。 以下George Carlin 提到的相关委婉语: 战争与创伤 (War & Trauma) * Shell Shock (炮弹休克) →Battle Fatigue (战斗疲劳) Operational Exhaustion (行动耗竭) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (创伤后应激障碍) 日常生活与消费品 (Everyday Life & Products) * Toilet Paper (厕纸) → Bathroom Tissue (浴室纸巾) * Sneakers (运动鞋) → Running Shoes (跑鞋) * False Teeth (假牙) → Dental Appliances (牙科器具) * Medicine (药) → Medication (药物/药剂) * Information (信息) → Directory Assistance (查号服务) * The Dump (垃圾场) → The Landfill (垃圾填埋场) * Car Crashes (车祸) → Automobile Accidents (机动车事故) * Partly Cloudy (多云) → Partly Sunny (部分晴天) * Motels (汽车旅馆) → Motor Lodges (汽车客栈) * House Trailers (拖车式房屋) → Mobile Homes (移动房屋) * Used Cars (二手车) → Previously Owned Transportation (前任拥有过的交通工具) * Room Service (客房服务) → Guest-Room Dining (客房用餐) * Constipation (便秘) → Occasional Irregularity (偶发性不规律) 社会与经济 (Social & Economic Issues) * Poor People (穷人) → The Economically Disadvantaged (经济弱势群体) * Slums (贫民窟) → Substandard Housing in the Inner Cities (市中心的不达标住房) * Broke (破产/没钱) → Negative Cash-Flow Position (负现金流状况) * Fired (被开除) → 被告知要 Curtail Redundancies in the Human Resources Area (削减人力资源领域的冗余) * Kill → Neutralize People (清除人员) 或 Depopulate the Area (减少地区人口) * Lie (说谎) → Engage in Disinformation 身体、外貌与残障 (Body, Appearance & Disability) * Cripples (残疾人/瘸子) →The Physically Challenged (身体受挑战的人) Differently Abled (能力不同的人) Handicapable (障碍亦是才能的人) * Deaf (聋的) → Hearing Impaired (听力受损的) * Blind (瞎的) → Partially Sighted 或 Visually Impaired (部分视力/视力受损的) * Stupid (笨的) → Has a Learning Disorder (有学习障碍) 或 Minimally Exceptional (最低限度的优异) * Ugly People (丑人) → Those with Severe Appearance Deficits (有严重外貌赤字的人) * Rape Victim → Unwilling Sperm Recipient (非自愿的精子接受者) (这是卡林用来讽刺其荒谬性的一个极端例子) 衰老与死亡 (Aging & Death) * Old People (老人) → Senior Citizens (资深公民) * Ninety Years Old (九十岁) → Ninety Years Young (九十岁高龄的年轻人) * Getting Old (变老) → Getting Older (年纪渐长) * Die →Pass Away (过世) Expire Terminal Episode (终末事件) Negative Patient-Care Outcome (负面的病人护理结果) Therapeutic Misadventure (治疗过程中的意外) 卡林最后的自嘲 (Carlin's Final Joke) * Vomit (呕吐) → Engage in an Involuntary Personal Protein Spill (进行一次非自愿的个人蛋白质外泄) 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

21分钟
99+
5个月前

EP28(双语)解码英语母语者节奏感:登月宣言中弱读连读现象 What did he actually say?

英语冰美式

"个人的一小步,人类的一大步"——这句登月名言竟引发半世纪争议?阿姆斯特朗到底有没有说那个关键的"a"?通过NASA原声带声学解析,揭开弱读连读的世纪之谜!本期双语播客带你穿越语言学迷雾,解码英语韵律核心秘密。非母语者为何总听不清功能词?中文母语者如何突破节奏壁垒?从登月悬案到实用发音技巧,颠覆你对英语连读的认知,助你说话自带"母语者节奏感"!🚀🔊 🪐 时间穿梭轴 第一部分:中文讲解与核心悬案 * 00:09 开篇引子:“个人的一小步,人类的一大步”这句名言,我们可能都听错了 。 * 00:36 提出悬案:这个“世纪乌龙”究竟是怎么回事?它对我们学英语有何启示? 。 * 01:25 还原现场:阿姆斯特朗本人看到《华盛顿邮报》的报道后,心中不爽,质疑媒体报道失实 。 * 02:05 学习导向:本期内容不谈阴谋论,而是借此学习一个重要的“英语韵律学知识” 。 * 02:40 证据呈现:播放NASA官方档案中的原始音频,让听众亲自判断是 "for a man" 还是 "for man" 。 * 03:14 词义辨析:无冠词的 "man" 指“人类”,与 "mankind" 同义 。 * 04:01 逻辑悖论:如果用"for man",整句话的意思会变成“这是人类的一小步,也是人类的一大步”,听起来很矛盾 。 * 04:30 官方立场:阿姆斯特朗和NASA官网都坚持,他想表达且说出的就是 "for a man" 。 * 05:43 声学分析:主播通过声学软件分析,发现"for"和"man"之间存在一个短暂的、疑似 schwa /ə/ 的发音 。 * 06:22 心理语言学解密:不能只靠声学分析!俄勒冈大学博士指出,真正的原因是“连读” (for a) 和整体语速的巨大反差 。 * 07:12 互动听力实验:通过加速处理音频的上下文,那个“消失的a”变得更容易被听到了 。 * 07:53 英语学习启示一【弱读】:像 "a", "the" 这类的功能词 (function words) 在口语中发音必须非常短促 。 * 08:26 英语学习启示二【节奏】:母语者依靠整体稳定的韵律节奏来识别弱读。非母语者常因语速“时快时慢”,导致他人理解困难 。 第二部分:英文深入探讨与学习建议 * 09:57 英文部分开场:接下来,我们将更深入地探讨这场语言学辩论,以及它对英语学习者,特别是中国学习者的意义 。 * 11:12 语义的诗意:有 "a" 的版本在“个体”与“全人类”之间建立了强有力的逻辑和诗意对比,而没有"a"的版本则显得重复乏味 (tautological) 。 * 15:05 沟通的鸿沟:阿姆斯特朗案例完美展示了“说话者意图”与“听者理解”间的差距,尤其是在月球广播这种“非高保真”的沟通条件下 。 * 21:49 连读的重要性:在自然英语口语中,"for" 和 "a" 并不会被当作两个独立的词发出,而是会平滑地连接成一个快读的 "fora" 。 * 24:20 中英节奏的根本差异:汉语是“音节时间型”语言 (syllable-timed),每个音节时长相近;而英语是“重音时间型”语言 (stress-timed),非重读音节会被压缩以保证重音节拍的规律性 。 * 25:21 中国学习者的“双重障碍”:1. 汉语语法中无冠词概念;2. 冠词的弱读发音 (schwa /ə/) 在语音上极具挑战性 。 * 28:38 教学建议一【明确教】:必须向学习者直接、清晰地讲授弱读、连读和英语节奏,不能指望他们自己领悟 。 * 29:30 教学建议二【练耳朵】:通过专项听力任务(如听写)来训练耳朵,使其能敏锐地捕捉到真实语流中的语音细节 。 * 30:11 教学建议三【练口条】:通过童谣、诗歌等方式内化英语的节拍感,并进行有目的的口语任务来练习 。 * 33:51 学习的终极目标:对学习者而言,真正的“巨大飞跃” (giant leap) 不是追求无法企及的“完美口音”,而是实现清晰、有效的沟通 (effective communication) 。 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

34分钟
99+
5个月前

EP27(双语) 听懵了!如何避免中式口音夹杂印度英语咖喱味?Indian Accent

英语冰美式

你有没有遇到过这样的情况:明明对方说的是英语,你却一个词都听不懂,只能尴尬地‘点头微笑’? 我刚到美国时就遇上了位印度大哥,他的英语让我彻底懵圈。 今天,我们就来聊聊这让人‘又爱又恨’的印度口音,以及我们中国同学能从中吸取哪些‘反面教材’,让自己的英语更地道、更清晰! 好的,这是一份更精炼、更吸引人的播客内容大纲,重点抓取了您的研究精华: 🪐 时空穿梭轴 (精华版) * 00:00:00 开场:你是不是也“印”式点头? 聊聊让人懵圈的印度口音,以及为何中国同学的英语有时也“神似”? 本期目标:揭秘印度英语,给你的发音“排雷”,让沟通更顺畅! * 00:00:49 爆笑经历:当乔治遇上印度室友RAM “他一张嘴,我原地石化!”——初遇印度英语的“社死”瞬间。 高级词汇“轰炸”与“谜之句式”:印度英语的第一道坎。 * 00:05:20 听觉冲击:印度英语的“魔性”语调 《Mind Your Language》经典片段赏析:为何印度英语听起来像“唱歌”? 核心揭秘:英美重音向上扬,印度重音向下“拐”! “I'm thirty”还是“I'm dirty”?卷舌音与低沉声调的“致命组合”。 * 00:08:10 “中式英语”也“印”化?不自然表达大起底 “With the development of…” 为何这种表达让母语者“尬”? 痛点:语法正确≠表达地道!警惕那些“中式/印式”的 awkward 句型。 * 00:10:55 为何难懂:母语者也“投降”的印度客服 AT&T 印度客服的真实案例:语速快+“自信”表达=沟通灾难。 关键:非母语者间的“自知之明”反而促进理解。 * 00:12:49 英语主播深度剖析:口音、可懂度与学习策略 澄清:印度英语≠Hinglish,口音≠不清晰。 发音雷区大比拼:中式英语 VS 印式英语,这些“坑”你踩了吗? 元音“糊了”:饱满发音的“副作用”。 辅音“变形记”:卷舌、送气、V/W不分、TH音“跑偏”……(中印学习者共同的痛点)。 最大杀手:超音段特征! 节奏“平”、重音“飘”、语调“迷”。 词汇语法“印度风”:独特的“印度特色表达”与“中式英语”的异曲同工。 * 00:25:53 中国学生“抄作业”:从印度英语的“难”学经验 核心痛点对照:中印英语学习者在节奏、重音、L1干扰上的惊人相似。 听力反思:研究表明中国听众理解印度口音有困难,这说明了什么? “通用语核心”(LFC)来支招:哪些发音才是“国际通用”的关键? 破局之路:提升L1影响意识、系统接触多口音、主攻核心可懂度要素、活用沟通策略。 * 00:29:57 总结与升华:拥抱多样,追求清晰 有效沟通是王道,完美口音非目标。 从理解“他人的口音”到“优化自己的表达”。 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

32分钟
99+
5个月前

EP26(双语)英语口音避坑,美式夹子音能学吗?Valley Girl Speak Trendy or Trap

英语冰美式

美音、英音,跨大西洋音,谁是贵族范儿?当心网红“美式夹子音”(山谷女孩腔)和“红脖土味音”!英语口音大观园,哪些值得学,哪些是隐藏的“坑”必须避?本期为你精准排雷,口音进阶不迷路! 英文部分大纲 英文部分用 Valspeak 来指代山谷女孩口音 1. Introduction Valspeak reflects real-world language use and how media shapes perceptions of speech. Understanding it helps learners grasp authentic English communication (真实英语交际) and the social contexts of accents. 2. Origins * Rose to fame through media like the 1982 song Valley Girl and movies like Clueless, which cemented the image of young, affluent white women in the San Fernando Valley (圣费尔南多谷的年轻富裕白人女性). * Media role: Helped solidify the stereotype (固化刻板印象) of Valspeak as a "feminine, privileged" way of speaking. 3. Linguistic Features Phonology (语音学) * California Vowel Shift (CVS, 加州元音大转移): A regional trend in California English (not unique to Valspeak), e.g., the vowel in "dude" shifts forward, and "kit" sounds lower/pulled back. * Vocal Fry/Creaky Voice (气泡音 / 吱呀音): A low, creaky sound at the end of sentences, later strongly linked to Valspeak. Reactions vary: seen as unintelligent (“笨拙”,负面评价), or laid-back/authoritative (“慵懒” 或 “权威感”,正面评价), often tied to gender/social biases (性别 / 社会偏见). * Subtle vowel changes (e.g., nasality 鼻音,breathiness 气音). Intonation (语调) * High Rising Terminal (HRT)/Uptalk (高升调结尾 / 上扬语调): Lexicon & Discourse (词汇 / 话语) * "Like" 的多重用法:Filler (填充词) ("Um, like..."), quotative (引述词) ("She was like, ‘No way!’"), hedge (模糊限制语) ("like 20 minutes" 约 20 分钟). * Slang: "totally", "for sure", "as if", "whatever" (older terms like "grody" 过时俚语 are less common now). 4. Stereotypes * Negative associations: superficial (肤浅的), unintelligent (无知的), materialistic (物质主义的)—linked to its speakers (stereotyped as wealthy, non-ambitious young women 被刻板化为 “富有却无追求的年轻女性”). This is stancetaking (立场表达): judging people based on how they speak. 5. Challenges for Chinese ESL Learners Phonological Interference (语音干扰) * Tonal vs. intonational languages (声调语言 vs. 语调语言): Mandarin uses tones (声调) for meaning; English uses intonation (语调). Uptalk may confuse learners (e.g., mistaking statements for questions 误将陈述句听成疑问句) or lead to flat intonation in English (导致英语语调平淡). * Vocal Fry: Not a common feature in Mandarin, may sound "unclear (不清晰)" or hard to imitate. * Consonant clusters (辅音连缀): Difficulty with sounds like "spr" in "spring" or final consonants (e.g., "desk" 词尾辅音). Discourse Markers (话语标记语) * "Like" has far more functions than Chinese particles (汉语助词,e.g., “啊”“呢”), confusing learners who struggle to distinguish its roles as a filler, quotative, or hedge (填充词、引述词、模糊词). ELT in China (中国英语教学) * Focus on "standard" accents (RP/GA), limited exposure to non-standard varieties like Valspeak in class (课堂上较少接触山谷女孩口音等非标准变体). * Standard Mandarin promotion (普通话推广) may reinforce the idea that "non-standard" = "less prestige (低 prestige)", mirroring attitudes toward English accents. Cultural Factors * Mianzi (面子): Using a stereotyped accent like Valspeak may feel embarrassing ("losing face 丢面子"), discouraging learners from practicing or clarifying misunderstandings (不敢练习或澄清误解). * Media influence: American shows (e.g., Friends) often use standard accents; Valspeak in reality TV (e.g., Kardashians 卡戴珊家族节目) reinforces negative stereotypes (强化负面刻板印象). 6. Pedagogical Strategies (教学策略) * Linguistic diversity (语言多样性): Teach concepts like dialects (方言), sociolects (社会方言), World Englishes (世界英语), and ELF (English as a Lingua Franca, 作为通用语的英语)—emphasize "appropriateness (得体性)" over strict "correctness (正确性)". * Authentic listening materials (真实听力材料): Use Valspeak examples to analyze features like HRT and "like", teaching strategies to decode unfamiliar accents (解码陌生口音的策略). * Socio-pragmatic awareness (社会语用意识): Discuss the social meanings of linguistic features (e.g., why uptalk isn’t just "incorrect" but a functional choice 上扬语调不仅是 “错误”,更是一种功能性选择). * Media literacy (媒体素养): Critique how media portrays accents (媒体如何塑造口音形象), helping learners separate stereotypes from real-world language use (区分刻板印象与真实语言使用). 7. Conclusion Valspeak is a sociolect (社会方言) with distinct linguistic features and deep social stereotypes. Learners don’t need to imitate it, but understanding it: 关于烟熏妆和婴儿眼睛的人类学研究: Ohala, J. J. (2009). The Ethological Basis of Certain Signals. The Role of Prosody in Affective Speech, 97, 17. 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

36分钟
99+
6个月前

EP25 (双语) 耳听为虚,英语听力不要盲目练 Ears Can Deceive

英语冰美式

英语听力怎么就这么折磨人?在英语学习的过程中,我们常说要多听多练。多听就行了吗?磨耳朵有什么副作用?如何正确地练习听力呢? 要“听得准”并不是一朝一夕的事情,盲目地“多听”,只会在错误的道路上越滑越远。 英文部分大纲 I. Introduction: Setting the Stage * "Misharing" sounds: funny but frustrating listening errors. * Passive listening (被动听力) isn't enough. * Focus: Unique listening challenges for Mandarin speakers (普通话母语者). * Goal: Explain sound confusions & improve listening skills (听力技能). II. How We Hear: Your Native Language Filter (母语过滤器) * Listening is an active process (主动过程). * Your brain uses Mandarin knowledge to interpret English sounds. * This "filter" can cause misinterpretation (误解) of unfamiliar English sounds. * You might not initially notice certain sound distinctions (发音区别). III. Common Sound Traps (常见发音陷阱) for Mandarin Speakers * Vowel Sounds (元音):English has more vowels than Mandarin. Vowel length (元音长度) matters in English (e.g., sit/seat). Confusing pairs:/ɪ/ vs /iː/ (sit/seat) - length. /æ/ (bat) vs /ɛ/ (bet) - tough distinction. /ʌ/ (cup) vs /ɑː/ (carp) - /ʌ/ often misheard. /ʊ/ (full) vs /uː/ (fool) - can cause misunderstanding. Schwa sound /ə/ (弱读元音): (e.g., about) Hard to notice, often lost. Diphthongs (双元音): (e.g., now, go) Can be simplified. * Consonant Sounds (辅音):Some English sounds are new (e.g., "th" /θ/, /ð/; /v/ sound). Often replaced with /s/, /z/, or /w/. /l/ & /r/: Different use at syllable ends (e.g., hill, car). Final Consonants (尾辅音): Big hurdle! English has many more than Mandarin.May not be heard (e.g., "wor" for "words"). Extra vowel added (e.g., "fit-uh" for "fit"). /n/ vs /ŋ/ (e.g., sin/sing): Still a challenge. * Consonant Clusters (辅音丛):Complex in English (e.g., strengths), unlike Mandarin's simpler syllables. Brain copes by:Epenthesis (增音): Adding a vowel (e.g., "sa-poon" for "spoon"). Deletion (吞音/省音): Dropping consonants (e.g., "wors" for "words"). * Connected Speech (语流音变):English words flow; Mandarin syllables often more distinct. Features like elision (省音) & assimilation (同化) add complexity. * Suprasegmentals (超音段特征): Stress (重音), Rhythm (节奏), Intonation (语调)Fundamental difference: Mandarin is tonal (声调语言); English is stress-timed (重音计时语言). Mandarin ears tuned for pitch (音高) for word meaning, making English stress hard to grasp. Affects rhythm & interpreting intonation for grammar/attitude. * Illusory Vowels (幻觉元音):"Hearing" extra vowels in clusters (e.g., "eschool" for "school"). Brain fits sounds to Mandarin rules. IV. Why These Misperceptions? The Root Causes (根本原因) * L1 Interference from Mandarin (母语干扰): Main culprit!Phonological Filtering (语音过滤): English heard through Mandarin sound system. Different Sound Inventories (音位库差异): Missing sounds replaced; fewer vowel distinctions. Syllable Structure Rules (音节结构规则) (Phonotactics): English manipulated to fit Mandarin patterns. Influence of Tones (声调影响): Interferes with perceiving English stress/intonation. * English Phonology: Silent letters, irregular spelling. * Cognitive Factors: Processing load (处理负荷) increased by L1 interference. V. Strategies for Improvement (改进策略) * Awareness (意识) is the first step. * Effective Strategies:Explicit phonetic instruction (语音教学). Minimal pairs (最小对立体) practice (e.g., ship/sheep). Using IPA (国际音标). Practice consonant clusters, connected speech (e.g., shadowing 跟读). Focus on English stress, rhythm, intonation. VI. Conclusion: You Can Conquer English Sounds! (结论) * Mandarin speakers face real listening challenges due to sound system differences. * Understanding misperception patterns & reasons is key. * Knowing pitfalls helps strategic learning. 我们在小报童上专门写了一个专栏《AI+ 英语学习手册》,详细介绍了如何利用 AI 诊断发音问题、进行跟读模仿和对话练习,欢迎感兴趣的小伙伴订阅! 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

30分钟
4k+
6个月前

EP23 (双语) 听笑话,无痛学英语!Laughing your way to better English

英语冰美式

为什么学英语一定要严肃?今天,我们要揭秘一个被忽视的高效学习秘诀——​​幽默的力量​​!我们将打破‘幽默是学习禁区’的刻板印象,揭秘英语笑话如何成为提升语言能力的秘密武器——从pun (双关语)到 sarcasm(讽刺),从词汇陷阱到文化梗,笑着笑着,你的英语竟能突飞猛进!无论是‘为什么骷髅从不打架?(因为它们没有guts!)’还是‘稻草人获奖的真相’,这些看似简单的笑话背后,藏着连语法书都不会教你的实战技巧。别再死记硬背了,笑着学英语,才是终极捷径!让你的学习快乐到飞起~ 🎧” 播客中提到的英语笑话及中文解析​如下。留一个小作业,第9个笑话,笑点在哪儿?欢迎留言​ ​​1. 词汇双关类 (Wordplay & Polysemy)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ Why don’t skeletons fight each other? Because they don’t have the guts! 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ “guts” 既有“勇气”(比喻义)又有“内脏”(字面义)。骷髅没有内脏,所以“没 guts”既指“没胆子打架”,又幽默地呼应了它们的生理结构。 ​​2. 多义词幽默 (Multiple Meanings)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ Why did the scarecrow win an award? Because he was outstanding in his field! 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ “outstanding” 可以表示“杰出的”,但字面意思是“站在田野(field)外面”。稻草人(scarecrow)本来就是站在田里的,所以这句话用双关制造笑点。 ​​3. 谐音梗 (Homophones)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ What do you call fake spaghetti? An impasta! 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ “impasta” 谐音 “imposter”(冒牌货),同时保留了“pasta”(意大利面)的词根,笑点在于把“假意大利面”幽默地命名为“意面骗子”。 ​​4. 习语误解 (Idiom Literal Interpretation)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ Why did the student eat his homework? Because the teacher said it was a piece of cake! 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ “a piece of cake” 是英语习语,意思是“很简单”,但学生按字面理解,以为作业真的是“一块蛋糕”,所以吃掉了。 ​​5. 语法讽刺 (Sarcasm & Pragmatics)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ (MIT语言学教授说:) "In no language does a double positive make a negative." (学生从后排喊:) "Yeah, right." 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ 教授说“没有语言能用双重肯定表示否定”,但学生用 “Yeah, right”(字面是双重肯定,实际是讽刺“才怪!”)反驳,展示了 sarcasm(反讽)的语用幽默。 ​​6. 文化差异 (Cultural Humor - 英式低调陈述)​​ 🔹 ​​Joke:​​ (有人刚经历飞机坠毁,仅受轻伤,说:) "Well, that was a bit bumpy." 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ 英式幽默喜欢用“轻描淡写”(understatement)制造反差。实际是生死攸关的大事,却说“有点颠簸”,突显冷静自嘲的风格。​ 7: 哈佛学生 vs. 德州人(语法讽刺)​​ 🔹 ​​英文原文:​​ A Texan is visiting a friend at Harvard, and they agree to meet at the library. He's a bit lost, so he stops a passing student. ​​Texan:​​ "'Scuse me, could you tell me where the library's at?" ​​Student:​​ "Around here, we don't end our sentences with prepositions." ​​Texan:​​ "All right, could you tell me where the library's at, asshole?" 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ * ​​笑点1(语法纠错):​​ 哈佛学生纠正德州人的语法,因为英语中“介词(如 at)放在句末”被认为不正式(尽管口语中很常见)。 * ​​笑点2(讽刺反击):​​ 德州人故意重复错误语法,并加上“asshole”,既讽刺了学生的傲慢,又用粗俗幽默反击。 * ​​文化背景:​​ 美国地域刻板印象——德州人直率豪放,哈佛学生被视为“书呆子式较真”。 8: 火车上的国际刻板印象(文化幽默)​​ 🔹 ​​英文原文:​​ A Cuban, a Russian, an American, and a Mexican are traveling together in a train compartment. The Russian takes out a bottle of expensive vodka, pours himself a shot, and asks if anyone else wants one. They all politely decline. To their surprise, the Russian shrugs, takes a gulp, and then throws the nearly full bottle out of the window. "Why did you do that?" asks the American. The Russian replies, "Eh, in my country, we have plenty of vodka. It's nothing." A little later, the Cuban takes out a box of fine cigars, lights one up, and offers cigars to the others. They all turn him down. The Cuban takes a few puffs, then casually tosses the entire box, with the remaining cigars, out of the window. "What was that for?" asks the Russian. The Cuban smiles, "In my country, we have so many cigars, we don't know what to do with them all. Plenty of these." Hearing this, the American suddenly stands up, grabs the Mexican man, and shoves him out of the train window. 🔹 ​​中文解析:​​ * ​​笑点结构:​​ 前两位(俄罗斯人、古巴人)用“炫耀式浪费”体现本国资源丰富,但美国人的行为突然转向 ​​黑暗幽默​​。 * ​​关键反转:​​ 听众预期美国人会扔某种“美国过剩物品”(如汉堡、可乐),结果却是 ​​对墨西哥移民的歧视性讽刺​​。 * ​​文化背景:​​​​俄罗斯伏特加、古巴雪茄​​:象征国家特产,调侃其“多得夸张”。 ​​墨西哥人​​:影射美国对墨西哥移民的复杂态度(依赖劳动力又排斥)。 * ​​争议性:​​ 这个笑话依赖刻板印象,可能冒犯部分听众。 ​ 9: 超市里的番茄(语音)​ (笑点在哪儿?等你回答)​ 🔹 ​​英文原文:​​ ​​Lady:​​ Excuse me, could you help me find some tomatoes? ​​Clerk:​​ Sorry, but we are fresh out. ​​Lady:​​ You don't understand, I need these tomatoes, could you check in the back for me? ​​Clerk:​​ I am sure we don't have any, but I will go look. (The clerk goes to the back and returns.) ​​Clerk:​​ Sorry, there aren't any in the back. ​​Lady:​​ But you don't understand, I NEED these. ​​Clerk:​​ Lady, you're just not getting it. Let me explain it to you this way. What do you get when you take the "blue" out of blueberries? ​​Lady:​​ Berries. ​​Clerk:​​ Okay, what do you get when you take the "Straw" out of strawberries? ​​Lady:​​ Berries. ​​Clerk:​​ Now what do you get when you take the "fuck" out of tomatoes? (The lady pauses for a moment...) ​​Lady:​​ There's no fuck in tomatoes! ​​Clerk:​​ That is what I have been trying to tell you! 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

24分钟
1k+
6个月前

EP22 (双语) 破除“时间困境”,用行动化解焦虑 Action Over Anxiety

英语冰美式

对于很多朋友来说,在工作和生活的夹缝中,还有一些会让人感到焦虑的“加压项”,比如自我提升,特别是英语学习。现实是:我们白天被工作掏空,晚上只想“葛优躺”,好不容易下定决心买了课、收藏了资料,结果常常是“三分钟热度”,“从开始到放弃”。这几乎成了很多人的常态。怎么破?我们今天就和大家详细聊一聊。 1. 挑战与心态 (Challenge & Mindset) * 核心问题 (Core Problem): 忙碌专业人士缺乏时间学英语 (Busy professionals lack time for English) * 心态转变 (Mindset Shift): 从“没时间”到“优先安排” (From "no time" to "prioritizing") 2. 微学习:利用碎片时间 (Microlearning: Using Small Time Slots) * 理念 (Concept): 短时、高频的学习 (Short, frequent learning) * 关键 (Key): 识别并利用“死时间”(如通勤、等待) (Identify and use "dead time" like commuting, waiting) * 形式 (Forms): 1-15分钟,目标明确 (1-15 mins, specific goal) * 例子 (Examples): 闪卡 (flashcards), 短播客 (short podcasts), APP练习 (app exercises) 3. 融入生活 (Integration into Daily Life) * 核心 (Core): 将英语融入现有活动 (Weave English into existing activities) * 工作场景 (Work): 改设备语言 (Change device language), 读英文邮件/报告 (Read English emails/reports) * 生活场景 (Life): 听英文播客/音乐 (Listen to English podcasts/music), 看英文电影/剧集 (Watch English movies/shows) 4. 习惯与目标 (Habits & Goals) * 习惯养成 (Habit Formation): 习惯叠加 (Habit stacking): 关联现有习惯 (Link to existing habits) 从小处着手 (Start small) 利用提示 (Use cues) * 目标设定 (Goal Setting): SMART原则: 具体 (Specific), 可衡量 (Measurable), 可实现 (Achievable), 相关 (Relevant), 有时限 (Time-bound) 关注过程,庆祝小成功 (Focus on process, celebrate small wins) 5. 善用科技 (Leveraging Technology) * 工具 (Tools): 学习APP (Learning Apps): Duolingo, Anki 播客/YouTube (Podcasts/YouTube) 在线辅导/社群 (Online Tutoring/Communities): italki, HelloTalk * 方法 (Approach): 混合搭配,个性化选择 (Mix and match, personalize) 6. 针对性练习与口语 (Targeted Practice & Speaking) * 发音/语法难点 (Pronunciation/Grammar Issues): 针对中文母语者常见问题进行微练习 (Micro-practice common issues for Chinese speakers) * 口语机会 (Speaking Opportunities): 语言交换伙伴 (Language exchange partners) 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

37分钟
99+
6个月前

EP21 (双语)英语单词记不住?顺应大脑更容易战胜遗忘 Remember More, Overthink Less

英语冰美式

单词背了又忘,感觉脑子像个漏勺;刚学完的语法,一转头就记不清了;明明想好好学习,结果刷了半小时手机...别担心,这都可能是大脑认知的惯性。我们要学会如何顺应大脑,而不是对抗它,做到“学得更巧,而非更苦” 。今天就让我们从几个脑科学规律开始,探讨如何战胜遗忘、增强记忆、对抗拖延。 1. 门槛困境 (The Doorway Dilemma) / 门槛效应 (Doorway Effect) * 概念:穿过门或者切换任务(包括数字应用 App 切换)时忘记原本意图的现象 。 * 原因:大脑在转换环境 (change context) 时会创建“事件边界” (event boundaries),将之前的想法存档,为新环境或任务做准备 。在高认知负荷 (high cognitive load) 下更容易发生 。 * 应对策略 (Strategies): 暂停并心理预演 (pause and mentally rehearse) 目标 。 使用实体提醒物 (physical reminders),如手持课本或单词卡 。 写下意图 (scribble down what you intend to do),如使用便利贴 (Post-it note) 。 大声说出目标 (verbalizing your goal) 。 2. 情境依赖记忆 (Context-Dependent Memory / CDM) * 概念:回忆时的情境与学习时的情境相匹配,记忆效果更好 。大脑不仅存储信息本身,还存储相关的环境线索 (environmental cues),如视觉、声音甚至气味,以及内在状态(如情绪 mood) 。语言本身也是一种情境 (language itself can be a context) 。 * 对英语学习的意义:在英语思维中学习英语(沉浸式学习 immersion)能创建更强的英语使用记忆链接 (stronger memory links) 。 * 应对策略 (Strategies): 为特定技能设置固定的学习地点 (consistent study spots for specific skills) 。 将学习常规与技能挂钩 (link routines to skills),如通勤时听播客,烧水时看单词卡 。 谨慎使用特定的感官线索 (specific sensory cues),如特定背景音乐或气味 。 3. 任务切换成本 (Task Switching Cost / TSC) / 多任务处理的迷思 (Myth of Multitasking) * 概念:在不同任务间切换会降低效率 (less efficient)、增加错误 (make more mistakes) 并导致精神疲劳 (mental fatigue) 。大脑需要时间停止旧任务、加载新任务 。切换成本会显著降低生产力 (cut productivity),中断后重新进入深度专注 (deep focus) 可能需要较长时间 。对于复杂或新任务 (complex or new tasks),切换成本更高 。 * 应对策略 (Strategies): 批量处理相似任务 (batch similar tasks) 。 使用专注工作计时器 (focused work timers),如番茄工作法 (Pomodoro Technique) 。 消除数字干扰 (silence digital distractions) 。 提前计划学习内容和步骤 (plan your study sessions) 。 4. 蔡格尼克效应 (The Zeigarnik Effect) / 未完成的事情 (Unfinished Business) * 概念:我们更容易记住未完成或被打断的任务 (incomplete or interrupted tasks),而不是已完成的任务 。这会产生一种认知张力 (cognitive tension),驱使我们去完成它 。 * 应用:可用于克服拖延 (combat procrastination),因为一旦开始,任务就处于“未完成”状态,从而产生完成它的动力 。 * 注意事项:过多的未完成任务会导致精神混乱 (mental clutter) 和压力 (stress) 。需谨慎使用 (use it carefully),并制定计划 (always with a plan) 。 * 应对策略 (Strategies) - 谨慎使用: 策略性学习中断 (strategic study breaks),在仍然投入时(如有意在段落中间)停下,制造“小悬念” (mini-cliffhangers),但必须计划好恢复时间 。 分解大目标并追踪进度 (break down large goals and track progress),小步骤的完成提供部分终结感,但整体目标保持开放以维持动力 。 * 关键:如果利用此效应有意留下未完成的任务,务必制定明确的完成计划 (always pair it with a specific plan for completion) 。 5. 结论 (Conclusion) 结合运用这些效应 (weave them together) 。 目标是更聪明地学习 (studying smarter),而非仅仅投入更多时间 。 将这些策略视为可进行的自我实验 (experiments you can run on yourself),找到适合自己的方法 。 让学习更专注 (focused)、高效 (efficient)、有回报 (rewarding),减少挫败感 (less frustration),增加“顿悟时刻” (more aha moments) 。 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

23分钟
99+
6个月前

EP20(双语)没有英语环境,如何提升口语 Improve Engish Without Going Abroad ?

英语冰美式

想要流利说英语,但身处非英语环境,害怕开口练习?​​学习很认真,却总在需要表达时犹豫不决?​​这期播客,我们分享一份​​适合I人的自学路线图​​,不花钱出国,也能练就出色的英语口语能力。无需强迫社交,专注自我提升​​——用适合你的方式,真正掌握英语。 没有语言环境,如何提升口语水平? (How to Self-Study Spoken English: A Roadmap for Chinese Learners) 1. 目标与挑战 (Goal & Challenges): * 目标 (Goal): 即使不在英语环境,也能靠自己有效提升英语口语能力 (improve speaking skills on your own) 。目标是有效沟通 (effective communication),而非完美 。 * 常见挑战 (Common Challenges):发音 (Pronunciation): 受母语影响,一些英语音素 (sounds like /θ/, /ð/, /v/, /l/, /r/) 和辅音连缀 (consonant clusters like in "street") 较难掌握 。容易漏掉词尾音 (dropping final sounds) 。 节奏与语调 (Rhythm & Intonation): 英语是“重音计时”语言 (stress-timed language),与汉语的“音节计时” (syllable-timed) 不同,导致节奏感把握不准 。 语法 (Grammar): 动词时态 (verb tenses, e.g., forgetting "-ed")、第三人称单数 (third-person singular "-s")、冠词 (articles "a/an/the") 等易出错 。有时会中式直译 (direct translation) 。 2. 自学练习技巧 (Solo Practice Techniques): * 跟读 (Shadowing): 听一小段音频,几乎同时跟着说,模仿其节奏、语调和重音 (match rhythm, intonation, stress patterns) 。有助于内化语流感 (internalize the flow) 。 * 朗读 (Reading Aloud): 大声朗读文章或故事,注意发音清晰度和自然语调 (clear pronunciation, natural intonation) 。遇到不会读的词查在线词典听发音 。 * 自言自语 (Self-Talk): 用英语描述日常活动、所见所想 (narrate what you're doing, seeing, planning),强迫自己用英语思考 (think directly in English) 。 * 录音 (Recording Yourself): 录下自己朗读或自言自语的声音,然后回听,找出问题 (pronunciation issues, hesitation) 。可与母语者录音对比 。 * 关键:坚持 (Key: Consistency): 每天练习 15 分钟比一周练一次效果好得多 。 3. 在线资源利用 (Using Online Resources): * 语言交换平台 (Language Exchange Platforms): 如 Tandem, HelloTalk 等,找到想学中文的英语母语者互相帮助 (mutual help),进行真实对话练习 。 * AI 教师/语伴 (AI Tutors/Conversation Partners): 如 ELSA Speak 等 App,可随时练习,提供发音、语法反馈,无惧犯错 (non-judgmental practice, instant feedback) 。先用 AI 建立信心,再找真人练习 。 4. 媒体运用 (Using Media): * 模仿 (Mimicry/Imitation): 选取影视剧短句,暂停后模仿,力求声音、语调、情感完全一致 (copy everything: intonation, rhythm, emotion) 。 * 口头总结 (Summarizing Aloud): 看完/听完一段视频或播客后,暂停,用自己的话口头总结要点 (summarize main points in your own words) 。 * 跟唱英文歌 (Singing Along): 有趣地练习节奏、发音和词汇 (improve rhythm, pronunciation, vocabulary) 。 5. 发音进阶:节奏与语调 (Pronunciation Focus: Rhythm & Intonation): * 重音 (Stress): 英语单词和句子有重音模式。单词重音可查词典 。句子中通常重读实词 (content words: nouns, verbs, etc.),弱读虚词 (function words: articles, prepositions, etc.) 。注意听和模仿这种节奏感 (listen for the beat) 。 * 语调 (Intonation): 语音的升降调传达不同意义(如疑问句升调,陈述句降调)。多模仿母语者的语调模式 。 6. 词汇积累与地道表达 (Vocabulary & Natural Expressions): * 搭配 (Collocations): 学习固定搭配,让表达更自然 (e.g., "make a mistake", "heavy rain") 。注意观察,使用搭配词典 。 * 常用短语与习语 (Common Phrases & Idioms): 学习口语常用表达 (e.g., "What's up?", "under the weather") 。 * 用英语思考 (Thinking in English): 逐步减少脑内翻译过程。从标记身边事物开始,用简单英文句子思考 。使用英英词典 。 7. 保持动力与信心 (Staying Motivated & Confident): * 克服恐惧 (Dealing with Fear): 记住目标是沟通,不是完美。视错误为学习机会 (mistakes are learning opportunities) 。 * 明确目标 (Setting Goals): 找到学习的“为什么” (find your "why") 。设定具体、可行的 SMART 目标 。 * 坚持与庆祝 (Consistency & Celebration): 坚持每天练习 (daily practice is gold) 。承认并庆祝每一个小进步 (celebrate small wins),这能建立信心 。 * 保持耐心 (Be Patient): 学习是过程,不是一蹴而就。享受过程,保持积极 。 重点词汇 常见挑战 (Common Challenges) * proficiency: (名词) 精通,熟练 * achievable: (形容词) 可实现的,可达成的 * barrier: (名词) 障碍 * stems from: (动词短语) 起源于,源自 * distinguish: (动词) 区分,辨别 * tongue twisters: (名词短语) 绕口令 * consonant clusters: (名词短语) 辅音连缀 * choppy / robotic: (形容词) (声音) 断断续续的 / 机械的 * omit: (动词) 省略,遗漏 * direct translation: (名词短语) 直译 * unnatural: (形容词) 不自然的 * hurdles: (名词) 障碍,困难 自学练习技巧 (Solo Practice Techniques) * make strides: (动词短语) 取得巨大进步 * shadowing: (名词/动名词) 跟读模仿 * intonation: (名词) 语调 * internalize: (动词) 内化,使成为一部分 * spontaneous: (形容词) 自发的,自然的 * narrate: (动词) 叙述,描述 * on the fly: (习语) 随时随地,即时地 * hesitation: (名词) 犹豫 * objective feedback: (名词短语) 客观反馈 * insightful: (形容词) 富有洞察力的 * consistency: (名词) 一致性,连贯性 在线资源利用 (Online Resources) * language exchange: (名词短语) 语言交换 * mutual help: (名词短语) 互相帮助 * platforms: (名词) 平台 (指网站或 App) * constructive feedback: (名词短语) 建设性的反馈 * simulate: (动词) 模拟 * non-judgmental: (形容词) 不加评判的 * complement: (动词) 补充,相得益彰媒体运用 (Using Media) * passive consumption: (名词短语) 被动接收/消费 (信息) * mimicry / imitation: (名词) 模仿 * authentic: (形容词) 真实的,地道的 * lyrics: (名词,常用复数) 歌词 发音进阶:节奏与语调 (Pronunciation Focus) * intelligibility: (名词) (语音) 可理解度,清晰度 * stress-timed: (形容词) 重音计时的 (语言) * syllable-timed: (形容词) 音节计时的 (语言) * emphasize / emphasis: (动词 / 名词) 强调 * content words: (名词短语) 实词 (名词、动词、形容词、副词等) * function words: (名词短语) 虚词 (冠词、介词、助动词等) * schwa sound: (名词短语) /ə/ 音 (非重读中性元音) * minimal pairs: (名词短语) 最小对立体 (用于辨音练习) 词汇积累与地道表达 (Vocabulary & Natural Expressions) * collocations: (名词,常用复数) 固定搭配 * lead someone astray: (动词短语) 把…引入歧途 * word partners: (名词短语) 词语搭配 * gradual process: (名词短语) 循序渐进的过程 * mental translation: (名词短语) 脑内翻译 保持动力与信心 (Motivation & Confidence) * mindset: (名词) 心态,思维模式 * reframe: (动词) 重新定义,换个角度看 * smart goals: (名词短语) 具体、可衡量、可实现、相关、有时限的目标 * concrete steps: (名词短语) 具体的步骤 * push your boundaries: (动词短语) 突破自己的界限 * acknowledge: (动词) 承认,认可 * immersion: (名词) 沉浸式环境 * marathon, not a sprint: (习语) 马拉松,不是短跑 (比喻需要持久努力 我们在小报童上专门写了一个专栏《AI+ 英语学习手册》,详细介绍了如何利用 AI 诊断发音问题、进行跟读模仿和对话练习,欢迎感兴趣的小伙伴订阅! 欢迎大家留言分享你的感想,或者加艾薇同学的微信加入我们的听友群参与讨论~

28分钟
1k+
6个月前
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