英音听力｜BBC & 经济学人等 - 节目列表

Culture 文艺版块 World in a dish 盘中世界 A steep rise 热度迅速上升 Flat whites are Australia's greatest culinary export, even better than Vegemite. 馥芮白是澳大利亚最好的饮食输出，比维吉麦酱还要好。 On any given day Shoreditch, a trendy part of London's East End, is a flurry of hipsters clutching artfully designed takeaway cups. Between April 11th and 14th some 30,000 caffeine-keen people will descend on the area for the London Coffee Festival. Many visitors will be ordering flat whites. The drink has rapidly gained popularity among those who want to taste their beans rather than temper them. 肖尔迪奇是伦敦东区的一个时髦地段，无论哪一天这里都会有一群潮人端着有艺术感设计的咖啡外带杯。4月11日至14日，大约3万名咖啡爱好者将来到该地区参加伦敦咖啡节。许多参加者会点一杯馥芮白。在那些想尝到咖啡豆的味道，而不是弱化咖啡豆味道的人群中，这种饮料迅速流行开来。 Flat whites, which originated in Australia and New Zealand in the 1980s, are powerful yet smooth. Two shots of espresso are combined with between 140 and 180 millilitres of gently steamed milk and crowned with a sliver of "microfoam". The result is punchy and, if done well, a little sweet: less milky than a latte and not as frothy as a cappuccino. 馥芮白起源于20世纪80年代的澳大利亚和新西兰，这种咖啡味道香浓且口感丝滑。两份浓缩咖啡与140到180毫升的用蒸汽棒轻微加热的牛奶混合，并在上面盖上薄薄一层“细腻奶泡”。这样的咖啡味道很浓，如果做得好，还会有轻微甜味：没有拿铁那么浓的奶味，也没有卡布奇诺那么厚的奶泡。 Australia's coffee-making prowess is fairly recent. Tea was the preferred beverage for British settlers in the 18th century; as a result, no one seemed to know how to make a decent cup of joe. Beans were not roasted, but boiled. To improve the taste, people added chicory, a bitter endive, egg shells or mustard. In a letter to a newspaper in 1939, one man complained that Australia's coffee "punishes the drinker". 澳大利亚的咖啡制作技艺是最近才出现的。茶是18世纪在澳洲的英国定居者最喜欢的饮料，因此，似乎没有澳洲人知道如何泡一杯好咖啡。当时咖啡豆不是烘烤的，而是水煮的。为了改善味道，人们加入了苦苣（一种苦味菊苣）、蛋壳或芥末。在1939年一家报纸的读者来信中，一名男子抱怨说，澳大利亚的咖啡“是对喝咖啡的人的惩罚”。 During the second world war, American servicemen stationed in the Pacific refused to drink such concoctions and demanded that the Antipodeans up their game. The Greek and Italian immigrants who arrived after the war brought expertise. Commercial espresso-makers reached the country in the 1950s. Peter Bancroft had tasted proper coffee on holiday in London and, with the help of his father, began importing Italian machines. 在第二次世界大战期间，驻扎在太平洋的美国军人拒绝喝这种混合物，并要求澳大利亚人升级一下技术。二战后来到澳大利亚的希腊和意大利移民带来了专业知识。商用浓缩咖啡机在20世纪50年代进入澳大利亚。彼得班克罗夫特在伦敦度假时尝到了正宗的咖啡，于是在父亲的帮助下，他开始进口意大利咖啡机。 Australia's cafes take in AS10bn($6.6bn) a year, the most per person of any country outside Europe. Some 95% of the country's 14,000 cafes are independently owned. It is a market in which Starbucks has struggled. The firm opened 84 shops in 2000, but has closed many; it posted a profit in Australia for the first time last year. 澳大利亚的咖啡馆每年收入为100亿澳元(合66亿美元)，是除欧洲以外所有国家中人均收入最高的。在全国1.4万家咖啡馆中，约95%是独立经营的。这是一个星巴克难以攻克的市场。星巴克在2000年开设了84家门店，但也关闭了许多门店，去年，该公司首次在澳大利亚实现盈利。 Much of the country has an unfavourable climate for coffee plants, so it imports far more beans than it sells. However, along with avocado toast and Vegemite, flat whites are one of Australia's great culinary exports. In the past year one in three British consumers ordered the beverage; Pret A Manger alone sold 8m to thirsty Brits. (The company sold 9m cappuccinos, but says the gap between the pick-me-ups is shrinking.) 澳大利亚的大部分地区都不适合种植咖啡，因此进口的咖啡豆远远多于卖出的咖啡豆。然而，与牛油果吐司和维吉麦酱一样，馥芮白是澳大利亚最好的饮食输出之一。在过去的一年里，三分之一的英国消费者点过馥芮白，仅Pret A Manger一家店就向口渴的英国人销售了800万杯馥芮白。(Pret A Manger公司售出了900万杯卡布奇诺，但表示两种咖啡之间的差距正在缩小。） Americans are increasingly sipping flat whites, too. At COP the UN's annual climate summit, the Australian pavilion has become a social hub. Not because of the country's green credentials-it is one of the world's top exporters of coal and natural gas. Instead, what makes Australia so popular is the barista the delegation brings along. Call it flat-white diplomacy. 美国人也越来越多地在喝馥芮白。在联合国一年一度的COP气候峰会上，澳大利亚馆成为了社交中心。不是因为该国的绿色资质--澳大利亚是世界上最大的煤炭和天然气出口国之一。相反，让澳大利亚如此受欢迎的是代表团带来的咖啡师。这就叫馥芮白外交吧。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

I'm Neil. And I'm Beth. Have you ever been sent a text reminding you about a doctor's appointment? Or impulsively bought something on the internet because there was "only one left"? If any of these have happened to you, then you've been nudged. A nudge is a subtle way of altering human behaviour. It's a powerful way for governments, advertisers and social media companies to encourage, or nudge, people into making choices that benefit themselves and society as a whole. Imagine the government want people to eat better. It might encourage supermarkets to put healthy snacks in easy-to-reach shelves near the checkout, and hide the chocolate bars out of sight on the top shelf. Shoppers are being nudged to eat better. Well… that's the idea, anyway. But often nudging is used less to benefit society, and more to make money for big business. And it happens more often than people realise. So in this programme, we'll be asking whether the idea behind nudging - to influence human behaviour for good - is still true today. And, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well. But first I have a question for you, Beth. Another example of nudging happened in Woolwich, an area of London which in 2011 had a problem with anti-social behaviour, and particularly with shop windows being smashed. The local authority decided to use nudging to fix the problem by painting pictures on the shop windows, but what did they paint? Was it: a) cute kittens? b) babies' faces? or, c) barking dogs? I guess barking dogs would keep the window breakers away. OK, Beth, I'll reveal the correct answer later in the programme. Nudging started in 2008 with the publication of a book by Nobel Prize winning economist, Professor Richard Thaler. Professor Thale's ideas about how to gently persuade people into making good decisions became known as 'nudge theory'. Advertising executive, Rory Sutherland, introduced nudge theory to his agency, Ogilvy. Here's Rory explaining more to BBC Radio 4 programme, Analysis: Let's say you make the profitable option button green and highly attractive, the less profitable option, you make it kind of grey, and kind of manky looking, oka.y.. Ihat would be an example of something which is, you know, a nudge not necessarily used in the best interests of the consumer. Advertisers use colours to nudge customers towards the profitable option, the one which is most likely to make money. These appear brightly coloured and attractive on the screen, whereas less profitable options are made to look manky, a slang word meaning dirty and unattractive. Here, nudging isn't being used for the public good. These'dark nudges, also called 'sludge, make money for a company, but are not always in the best interests of the consumer. If something is in your best interests, it's the most advantageous and beneficial thing for you to do. Dark nudges have caused many to question the morality of nudging, including Neil Levy, professor of ethics at Oxford University, speaking here to BBC Radio 4 programme, Analysis: The big one, the one people have concentrated on, is that it's paternalistic- that is that nudge might be in our interests but we want to make our own decisions. People worry that nudges infantilize us, it's undermining our autonomy. Critics of nudging call it paternalistic, meaning it wants to make decisions for people, rather than letting them take responsibility for themselves. They also claim nudging infantilizes people, it treats them like children, and, as a result, people lose autonomy, the ability to make your own decisions about what to do, rather than being told by someone else. I guess nudging itself is neither good nor bad, it just depends how you use it. Well, let's look on the positive side by revealing the answer to your question, Neil. Right, I asked you how authorities in Woolwich, in south-east London, nudged anti-social window breakers to behave nicely. I guessed it was by painting pictures of scary barking dogs on the windows.. Which was..t he wrong answer, I'm afraid, Beth! In fact, Woolwich council hired graffiti artists to paint pictures of local babies' faces onto the window shutters. Not even the most hard-hearted criminal smashed those windows, and anti-social behaviour fell by 18% in one year! OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this programme about nudging, ways of gently persuading or encouraging someone to take decisions. Something which is profitable makes a profit, or is likely to make money. Manky is slang for dirty and unattractive. If something is in your best interests, it's the most advantageous, beneficial thing for you to do. A paternalistic person prefers making decisions for other people, rather than letting them take responsibility for their own lives. To infantilize someone means to treat them as if they were a child, And finally, autonomy is the ability to make your own decisions about what to do, rather than being told by someone else. ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

Every year more than 30m people are released from behind bars. Many leave much as they enter-in very poor health. People who end up in prison have higher rates of infections such as hiv and hepatitis; cognitive disabilities; mental illness and addictions. Prisoners tend to have several of these problems, often rooted in abuse or other trauma. Unsurprisingly, ex-prisoners die earlier than those who have never been incarcerated. What is striking is how many deaths occur within days of release. 每年有超过3000万人从监狱中获释。许多人离开时的健康状况和进入时一样糟糕。最终入狱的人感染艾滋病毒和肝炎等疾病的几率更高；以及认知障碍、精神疾病和成瘾。囚犯往往有这些问题中的几个，往往植根于虐待或其他创伤。不出所料，有前科的人比从未入狱的人死得早。令人震惊的是，在释放后的几天内死亡的人数之多。 A paper in the Lancet on April 10th by an international research consortium led by Rohan Borschmann from the University of Melbourne and Stuart Kinner from Curtin University, in Perth, sums up an analysis of the records of nearly 1.5m prisoners released between 1980 and 2018 in America, Australia, Brazil, Canada, New Zealand, Norway, Scotland and Sweden. 4月10日，墨尔本大学的罗翰 · 博尔施曼和珀斯科廷大学的斯图尔特 · 金纳领导的一个国际研究联合会在《柳叶刀》上发表了一篇论文，对1980年至2018年间美国、澳大利亚、巴西、加拿大、新西兰、挪威、苏格兰和瑞典近150万囚犯的释放记录进行了分析。 These ex-prisoners were followed up by consortium members for an average of seven years. The researchers found that mortality was highest in the first week following release and fell dramatically after that. In the first week it was more than twice as high as it was a month later. (The researchers excluded the spike in deaths on day one, which they discovered was partly due to recording errors for inmates who had died in custody.) 研究小组成员对这些前囚犯进行了平均7年的跟踪调查。研究人员发现，释放后的第一周死亡率最高，之后急剧下降。第一周是一个月后的两倍多。(研究人员排除了第一天死亡人数的激增，他们发现这部分是由于在押期间死亡的囚犯记录错误所致。) In the first few weeks on the outside alcohol and drug poisoning represented the leading cause of death in every country except for Brazil (where deaths from violence predominated). One possible explanation is that enforced abstinence when in prison makes an addict's body less able to handle their usual dose, increasing the risk of fatal intoxication thereafter. Deaths from alcohol and drugs remained high beyond the first week of freedom but were eventually overtaken by the combined deaths from suicides, accidents and disease. 在最初的几周里，酒精和药物中毒是除巴西（暴力死亡占主导地位）以外的所有国家的主要死亡原因。一种可能的解释是，在监狱中强制禁欲会使瘾君子的身体无法掌控通常剂量，从而增加此后致命中毒的风险。在获得自由的第一周之后，酒精和毒品导致的死亡人数仍然居高不下，但最终被自杀、事故和疾病导致的死亡人数总和所取代。 These results, if put to use, could save lives. Upon their release, prisoners with opioid addiction could be provided with naloxone, a drug that treats opioid overdose. This has been tried in parts of Canada since 2016, with naloxone kits given to prisoners upon release, on the assumption that either they or a close contact would be likely to need it. (The consequences of this intervention were outside the scope of this week's paper.) 这些成果如果得到应用，可以挽救生命。阿片类药物成瘾的囚犯获释后可获得纳洛酮，这是一种治疗阿片类药物过量的药物。自 2016 年起，加拿大部分地区开始尝试这种做法，在假定囚犯或其亲密接触者可能需要纳洛酮的情况下，向获释囚犯发放纳洛酮包。(这种干预的后果不在本周论文的讨论范围之内）。 Ensuring better access to mental-health services in the first weeks after release could also be beneficial. A study from the Netherlands published in 2021 found that prison has no net effect on inmates' pre-existing health. Someone who goes in unwell, in other words, comes out unwell. Appropriate care behind bars could change that, helping prisoners better face what awaits them outside. 确保在获释后的头几周更好地获得心理健康服务，也会有所裨益。荷兰在 2021 年发表的一项研究发现，监狱对囚犯原有的健康没有任何净影响。换句话说，一个人进去的时候不舒服，出来的时候也不舒服。狱中适当的护理可以改变这种状况，帮助囚犯更好地面对狱外的生活。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

Rotten Romans-The pre-gladiatorial custom of staging fights at funerals. Imagine spot: High school for aspiring gladiators. 腐朽的罗马人-在葬礼上举行战斗的前角斗习俗。想象: 有抱负的角斗士高中。 When people died in Roman times, we had some really funny ideas about how to give them a good sendoff. And above all Messiunas was a wise and a noble man who only ever beat his slaves when it was absolutely necessary. He will be sorely missed by us all. But nowfor the fight! CHEERING Yea! Fight! Fight! Fight! Go onfight, fight! What on earth's going on? Oh, it's a fight!But why? Oh, it's the latest Roman thing. 在罗马时代，当人们去世时，我们有一些非常有趣的想法，关于如何给他们一个良好的告别。 最重要的是，梅西乌纳斯是一个聪明而高尚的人，他只在绝对必要的时候才打他的奴隶。 我们都会非常想念他的。 但是现在该比赛了！耶！战斗！战斗！战斗！继续战斗，战斗！到底发生了什么？打起来了！但是为什么呢？这是最新的罗马风格。 You get your two favourite slaves to fight to the death in front of your graveside. Whatever for?It's very noble. The loser's like a sort of sacrifice to the dead man, you know, keep his soul company? The best thing is, it's really good fun to watch. So this is catching on, then? Oh, yeah, friend of mine died last month, had three fights, that means three more funerals and three fights at each one that makes nine funerals! It's been wall-to-wall funerals for weeks now. 你让你最喜欢的两个奴隶在你的墓前拼死搏斗。 为了什么？它非常高尚。 失败者就像是对死者的一种牺牲，你知道吗，让他的灵魂陪伴着他？最棒的是，这真的很有趣。 所以这很流行，那么？哦，是的，我的一个朋友上个月去世了，打了三场仗，这意味着又有三场葬礼，每场葬礼打三场仗就成了九场葬礼！几个星期以来，葬礼一直在举行。 Brilliant! Which one was that? Um Marcus. We are gathered here today to mark the passing of Marcus. He was a good slave. I can't believe all this. Oh, this is nothing. My uncle, Centillus, had it written into his will that he wanted a fight to the death between two beautiful women. Seriously?Yeah. His funeral's in ten minutes. It's disgust. can I come?Yeah. You've got to pretend to be sad until the fight starts. No problem. 太棒了! 是哪一个? 嗯，马库斯。 我们今天聚集在这里纪念马库斯的逝世。 他是个好奴隶。 真不敢相信。 这没什么。 我叔叔 森提勒斯在遗嘱里写了他想让两个美女决一死战。 - 真的?-是啊。 他的葬礼十分钟后举行。 今人厌恶。 - 我能去吗?-当然。 你得假装悲伤，直到比赛开始。 没问题。 It's horrible, but it's true! Romans loved watching slaves fighting at funerals. In fact, they loved it so much that someone had the bright idea of putting the slaves in stadiums and calling them gladiators. Rat-a-tat-a-ta! Gladiators were trained in gladiator schools, not like your schools, but, do you know, it would be funny if they were. 很可怕，但这是真的! 罗马人喜欢看奴隶在葬礼上打架。 事实上，他们非常喜欢它，以至于有人想出了一个聪明的主意: 把奴隶放在体育场里，并称他们为角斗士。 （老鼠笑）！角斗士是在角斗士学校接受训练的，不像你们的学校，但是，你知道吗，如果他们是的话会很有趣。 Teacher's coming! Hail Rome, class! Very good to see you all working hard, but I'm afraid we must push on. All right! Someone tell me where we got to yesterday. Sir!Yes, Abacus? Maths, Sir, We were counting how many criminals heads we could chop off in one contest. Oh, yes, maths. 老师来了！罗马万岁，同学们！很高兴看到你们都努力工作，但恐怕我们必须继续努力。 好吧有人告诉我我们昨天到了哪里。 先生是的，算盘？数学，先生，我们在数一场比赛能砍下多少罪犯的脑袋。 哦，是的，数学。 So, if we're to take Sir! Sir!What is it, Overzealous? when do we get to fight in the Colosseum, Sir? Colosseum? The Colosseum is for elite gladiators, like me, masters of the gladitorial arts. Which of you will become raging retiarius, eh? With your trident and your net. Or a vile venator doing battle with wild animals. You, Overzealous, are not ready for the Colosseum. 所以，如果我们要…先生！先生！什么，你这个急性子？我们什么时候可以在斗兽场战斗，先生？斗兽场？斗兽场是为像我这样的精英角斗士，角斗士艺术大师而建的。 你们中的哪一个会变成愤怒的雷塔里乌斯，嗯？用你的三叉戟和网。 或者是一个卑鄙的狩猎者与野生动物作战。 你，急性子，还没有准备好去斗兽场。 What did you get in your last Fighting Wild Animals exam? Got a "Bee". You got a "Bee". Smallest and easiest to fight of all the animals. But what would you do if you were up against a lion in the arena? Speak up, boy! Don't know, Sir. "Don't know, Sir!" Na-na-na-na! Exactly! Now, where were we? Maths, Sir. Maths! Good. 你上次的野生动物格斗考试得了什么? 得了一个“蜜蜂”。 你有一只“蜜蜂”。 是所有动物中最小最容易打架的。 但是如果你在竞技场上面对一头狮子，你会怎么做？大声点，孩子！不知道，先生。 “不知道，先生!”呐呐呐! 没错! 现在，我们在哪里? 数学，先生。 数学，很好。 So, if I was to cut off four men's heads and add them to the ten slaves arms I cut off the day before what would we have? Yes?A great afternoon of entertainment for the people. Correct answer. Well done! BELL RINGS Oh, OK, everyone pack up violently. And before you go, before you go, make sure you hand in your homework. GRUMBLING All right, all right, thank you! Very good, very nice work. A+. 那么，如果我砍下四个人的头，再加上我前一天砍下的十个奴隶的手臂，我们会得到什么? 是吗? 人们度过了一个愉快的下午。 正确的答案。 做得好! 铃响了哦，好吧，大家赶紧收拾。 在你们走之前，一定要把作业交上来。 疼，好吧，好吧，谢谢你！很好，做得很好。A +。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

Reintroducing beavers to Scotland 苏格兰重新引入河狸 For hundreds of years, beavers have been absent from Scottish waters. Their reintroduction a decade ago was controversial, particularly among farmers. 数百年来，苏格兰水域中一直没有河狸。十年前，重新引入河狸引起了争议，特别是激起了农民的反对。 The animals, which are described as ecosystem engineers, create wetlands which support other wildlife, including insects and birds. Their dams can slow the flow of water. In some areas, this has led to flooding and the destruction of crops. 河狸被喻为 “生态系统工程师”，它们通过筑坝创造出湿地，湿地为其它野生动物提供了栖息地，包括昆虫和鸟类。河狸筑起的水坝可以减缓水流的速度。但在一些地区，这导致了洪水泛滥、农作物被冲毁。 New legislation makes it illegal to destroy established dams and lodges, and to kill beavers without a licence. Some have been issued. The Scottish Wildlife Trust has urged land managers to show restraint while young kits are dependent on their parents, and to use lethal control only when all other measures to control the damage beavers can cause have failed. 苏格兰政府新颁布的立法规定，破坏河狸筑成的水坝和巢穴以及无执照宰杀河狸都是违法行为。政府已授予符合规定标准的人员执照，准许他们处理河狸。苏格兰野生动物信托基金会敦促土地管理者在河狸幼崽依赖父母的情况下应有所克制，并且只有在所有其它河狸管控措施均无效的情况下，才考虑使用致命的捕杀措施。 词汇表 absent 不存在的 ecosystem 生态系统 wetlands 湿地 dams 水坝，堤坝 lodges （河狸的）巢穴 restraint 克制，控制 kits 幼崽 lethal control 致命的控制措施，此处指 “捕杀” ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

What is life like with a parent in the military? | Newsround This is Lily. And this is Lily's family. Lily's dad is in the army, so her and her sister Daisy are some of the 100,000 military children in the UK. April is the month of the military child. It's all about recognising the challenges they face and the sacrifices they have to make. Lily and her family live on a big army base and Lily is about to give me a bit of a tour. 这是莉莉。这是莉莉的家人。莉莉的爸爸在军队服役，所以她和她的妹妹黛西是英国10万名军人儿童中的一部分。四月是军人孩子月。这个月的重点是认识到他们面临的挑战和他们必须做出的牺牲。莉莉和她的家人住在一个很大的军事基地里，莉莉要带我去参观一下。 So we're at a special checkpoint, what does that mean? So it's where like military people come here to sign in with their special ID card. And if you're not in the military can you still come inside? I think you need to talk to like the people that work here about it. So it's to get like special permission? Yes. 我们在一个特殊的检查站，这是什么意思？所以就像军人来这里用他们的特殊身份证登记一样。如果你不是军人，你还能进来吗？我觉得你应该和在这里工作的人说一下。所以是为了得到特别许可吗？是的。 So, where are we now? We're at my dad's tank warehouse. And do you come here a lot? Not often because it is quite dangerous. Yeah, yeah. Because there are some massive tanks around. 那么，我们现在在哪里？我们在我爸爸的坦克仓库。你经常来这里吗？不是经常，因为它是相当危险的。是啊，是啊。因为这附近有很多大型坦克。 Yeah. Like a lot of us, Lily doesn't know exactly what her dad does for a job, so we thought we'd ask. So infantry are frontline soldiers, and we go ahead of everybody else. In these big vehicles, if you go round, you've got the engine blocked. There's plenty of room. We can fit seven troops inside. They can store all their kit, what they can live in. Now, the longest I've lived out of these warriors is up to a month. 是的。和我们很多人一样 莉莉 不知道她爸爸是做什么工作的，所以我们想问问。步兵是前线士兵，我们走在别人前面。在这些大型车辆里，如果你绕过去，你就会把引擎堵住。还有很多地方。里面可以容纳七个人。他们可以储存所有的装备，他们可以住在里面。现在，我从这些战士身边离开的最长时间是一个月。 It kind of smells. Yeah, it smells a bit dusky. OK, where to next? Have you lived here for a long time? Yeah, about six and a half years. A lot of military families move around quite a lot, right? Yeah. Yeah, I've moved like three times. What are the main things that are the best things about living here? I really like all the woods. The woods are like really fun to go through. It took me like two years to understand like everywhere, like where to go and that. Yeah. What's an annoying thing about living here? I think it's like upsetting when my dad goes away. And what about the best thing? When you lose a friend, you also like find a new friend. 有点臭。是的，它闻起来有点暗淡。好的，下一步去哪里？你在这里住了很长时间吗？是的，大约六年半。很多军人家庭经常搬家，对吧？是的。是的，我已经搬了三次家了。住在这里最好的事情是什么？我真的很喜欢所有的树林。树林真的很有趣。我花了两年时间才明白到处都是，比如去哪里等等。是的。住在这里有什么烦人的事情？我觉得这就像我爸爸走了一样难过。那么最好的事情呢？当你失去一个朋友时，你也喜欢寻找一个新朋友。 Military families move around a lot, so the friends you make might leave. But new ones could arrive too. Speaking of finding friends, here's Daisy and Lily's friend Caitlin. One of the reasons there's a special month to think about military children is because of all the sacrifices you might have to make. Do you feel like you have had to make a lot of sacrifices? One big sacrifice is leaving your mates that you're quite close with, and then keeping in touch with them. Maybe not, you never know. 军人家庭经常搬家，所以你结交的朋友可能会离开。但是新的也会到来。说到交朋友这是黛西和莉莉的朋友凯特琳。有一个特殊的月份需要考虑军人子女的原因之一就是你可能要做出的所有牺牲。你是否觉得自己不得不做出很多牺牲？一个巨大的牺牲就是离开你非常亲密的朋友，然后和他们保持联系。也许不会，谁知道呢。 What sort of things do you worry about when your parents go away with work? If he's safe. Yeah. Like, doing all right. If he's, for me, eating properly. Making sure he's drinking enough as well. Yeah. And what do you do as friends to sort of support each other? We just talk to each other a lot, play outside with each other a lot, have lots of sleepovers, and also just talk to each other about stuff. Basically, we just don't focus about the stuff that's going on. 当你的父母下班后，你会担心什么事情？他是否安全。比如，是否一切顺利。对我来说，他是否吃得很好。确保他也喝得好。作为朋友，你们会做些什么来互相支持？我们只是经常交谈，经常在外面玩，经常过夜，也只是互相谈论一些事情。基本上，我们会避免谈正发生的事情。 Lily has a special talent that also helps to keep her busy. I do jiu-jitsu. It's a type of martial art and it's like a really good distraction, especially when my dad's away. Lily also won an extra special medal for being Little Trooper of the Month. Little Troopers is a charity that supports children with parents in the Army, Navy or RAF. Go Lily. 莉莉有一种特殊的天赋，这也有助于她保持忙碌。我会柔道。这是一种武术，可以很好地分散注意力，尤其是我爸爸不在的时候。莉莉还获得了一枚额外的特殊奖章，因为她是本月的小骑兵。小骑兵是一个慈善机构，为父母在陆军、海军或英国皇家空军服役的儿童提供支持。加油，莉莉。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

Paris Olympics 2024: Beth Munro meets children trying new sports | Newsround Many scientific studies say that kids who try out lots of different sports at a young age tend to be healthier, have a lot more fun and become better athletes. Now with this in mind we tagged along with some school children who were given a chance to try a selection of different sports ahead of the Paris Olympic and Paris Olympic Paralympic Games which take place this summer. Let's take a look. 许多科学研究表明，从小尝试多种不同运动的孩子往往更健康、更有趣，并能成为更好的运动员。有鉴于此，在今年夏天举行巴黎奥运会和巴黎残奥会之前，我们与一些学校的孩子们一起尝试了各种体育运动。让我们一起来看看。 I love rugby, any contact sport actually, but rugby, I just love the game. I do quite a bit of football, I do some netball. I do a lot of swimming. Table tennis. I do play basketball and hockey. 我喜欢橄榄球，实际上是任何身体接触的运动，但是橄榄球，我就是喜欢这项运动。我经常踢足球，打无挡板篮球。我经常游泳。乒乓球。我打篮球和曲棍球。 They may enjoy those sports in their PE lessons, but these pupils from Salford were challenged to try out judo, boccia and skatebording at this past Paris event. Not only that, but they also got to hear from the experts. Beth Monroe is a silver medalist in para taekwondo, and despite being top of her game in her sport now, she started out as a netball player and competed in javelin before she mastered her craft. 他们可能在体育课上喜欢这些运动，但这些来自索尔福德的学生在过去的巴黎活动上受到了挑战，要尝试柔道、地滚球和滑板。不仅如此，他们还听取了专家们的意见。贝丝·门罗是跆拳道银牌得主，尽管她现在是这项运动的顶尖选手，但她一开始是一名无挡板篮球运动员，在掌握自己的技巧之前参加过标枪比赛。 At this age as well specifically going out and trying different sports to try and find that exact one that you love and enjoy and get that passion to then build upon to potentially get to the elite level and goes to Paralympic and Olympic Games is so important so events like this is amazing and to come and be a role model and potentially influence these kids to be like I can be like Beth is just the cherry on top of the cake so hugely important. 在这个年龄段，特别是出去尝试不同的运动，试图找到自己喜欢和享受的确切运动，并在此基础上获得激情，从而有可能达到精英水平，并参加残奥会和奥运会，这一点非常重要。像这样的活动非常了不起，成为榜样，并潜在地影响这些孩子，让他们觉得“我也可以成为贝丝”，这样简直是锦上添花，非常重要。 So, what do these guys think watching the Olympics and Paralympics can do for young people? I'm excited to watch it on the telly to make it inspiring for me. I think it's really good that they've followed their dreams and that they've Been resilient and they've kept on going even if they've failed. 那么，这些人认为观看奥运会和残奥会对年轻人有什么好处呢？我很高兴能在电视上看到它，它激励了我。我认为他们追随自己的梦想，即使失败了，他们也能坚持下去，这真的很好。 Olympians and Paralympians are really inspiring. The thought that they actually pulled through it. They help young children get into sport. A lot of people wouldn't think of doing that but it turns out you really enjoy it. Knowing that like that could be people my age one day because they started at a young age and like it's inspiring knowing that like we could get there too. 奥林匹克运动员和残奥会运动员真的很鼓舞人心。他们真的挺过来了。他们帮助孩子们参加体育运动。很多人不会想到这样做，但事实证明这个过程很令人享受。知道这样做最终达到我这个年纪的程度，这很鼓舞人心，因为他们从小就开始了，好比“我们也可以达到那样的高度”。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】

Climate change causes chocolate price increase West Africa was hit with a severe drought following a humid heat wave that drove temperatures to record levels in February. 西非遭受了严重的干旱，此前潮湿的热浪使2月份的气温达到了创纪录的水平。 Scientists from the World Weather Attribution group say the unusually hot weather was made ten times more likely because of the greenhouse gases humanity has been pumping into the atmosphere. 世界天气归因组织的科学家们表示，由于人类一直向大气中排放温室气体，因此导致出现异常炎热天气的可能性增加了十倍。 Shortages of cocoa have helped drive prices to record highs, and since cocoa is the main ingredient in chocolate, you can expect the prices of people's favourite chocolate treat to rise in the coming months. 因供应短缺，可可豆价格创历史新高，由于可可豆是生产巧克力的主要原料，所以深受人们喜爱的巧克力的价格将在未来几个月上涨。 Some big chocolate companies, including Cadbury and Lindt, have said they have already had to increase prices in response to the cocoa shortage. 包括吉百利和瑞士莲在内的一些大型巧克力品牌公司表示，为了应对可可豆短缺的情况，他们已经不得不提高巧克力的价格。 词汇表 severe 严重的 drought 干旱 humid 潮湿的 heat wave 热浪 drove 推动了 record levels 创纪录的水平，历史最高水平 greenhouse gases 温室气体 pumping 排放，向…注入 shortages 短缺 ✔更多文本内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，进入【打卡交流群】

We all know how important exercise is to stay fit and reduce the risk of heart disease. Do you exercise much, Phil? I try to. I ride my bike at the weekend. But to be honest I do spend a lot of time sitting down. Sitting too much is becoming an increasing problem in the modern world. Maybe you take the bus or train to work, then sit at a desk all day, then go home feeling tired and just sit in front of the television all evening as well. Added together, that's hours of sitting every single day. In this programme, we'll be finding out exactly how much sitting is too much. But first, are you sitting comfortably, Phil? On average, how many hours a day do British adults spend sitting down? Is it: a) 7 hours? b) 9 hours? or, c) 12 hours? I'll guess it's 7 hours. OK, Phil, I'll reveal the correct answer later. Charlotte Edwardson is a professor of health and behaviour studies who has investigated the link between sitting and health problems in her lab at Leicester University. Here, she talks to BBC Radio 4 programme, Inside Health: If we think about our daily activities, a lot of activities are done sitting down. Movement in our everyday lives has really been engineered out with advances in technology, and our bodies just weren't designed to sit this much, so it's going to cause problems with our health. So when you sit down you're not using the largest muscles in your body. So, these are the ones in your legs and your bum. So, that means that your muscle activity goes down. When your muscle activity goes down, your blood circulation reduces. Throughout history, humans have always walked and moved their bodies. Now, modern technologies like motorised vehicles and office jobs, mean we spend more and more time sitting. Modern life has engineered out the need for us to move. When you engineer something out, you design things in such a way that it is no longer required. For example, CD drives have been engineered out of laptops because downloads are more popular. Charlotte says humans are not used to sitting this much. Here, the words this much mean in such large amounts. It's a negative thing, one negative being the harm to blood circulation, the flow of blood through the heart and blood vessels which carries oxygen around the body. When we sit, we stop using important muscles. This reduces blood circulation and causes a range of other effects like increased levels of glucose and fat, and decreased energy levels. The body uses 20% more energy when simply standing than when sitting down, and walking uses 92% more energy. And that's not to mention the damage sitting too much causes to muscle movement and blood pressure. But the hard truth is that sitting is a big part of modern life. Everything is geared around sitting, it's organised towards that particular activity, and that makes it hard to stop. Here's Professor Edwardson again, talking with James Gallagher, presenter of BBC Radio 4 programme, Inside Health: How much do you feel like you're just swimming against the tide with all of this? Like the whole of society is like driving us more and more towards, you know, sitting down all the time, and you're like, 'please don't!' Sitting is so much part of our everyday activities. You know, you go into a meeting and someone's, 'Come and take a seat', you're going to your GP surgery, 'Come and take a seat'. Everything's geared around sitting, and as technology advances and it tries to make our life easier, it then leads to us sitting even more. James asks if Charlotte is swimming against the tide of modern life. If you're swimming against the tide, you're doing the opposite of what most people are doing. He also says that society is driving us towards sitting more. To drive someone towards something means pushing them to accept a new situation, even when the situation isn't so good. Luckily, there's some simple advice to help. Break up periods of sitting 30 minutes or more with a few minutes of walking or moving your arms. Also try to spend less than half of your waking hours sitting down. Now how about your question, Georgie. Right, my question was how long does the average British adult spend sitting each day. Phil guessed it was 7 hours which was…close, but not right, I'm afraid. In fact, on average we spend 9 hours per day sitting down, that's about 60% of our waking life. So, remember to take regular breaks, even just a minute or two. Recap: to engineer something out, meaning to design or plan in such a way that something is no longer needed. The phrase this much or so much means in such large amounts. Blood circulation is the movement of blood through the heart and blood vessels which carries oxygen around the body. If things are geared around a certain activity or purpose, they're organised to support it. The idiom to swim against the tide means to not follow what most people are doing. And finally, to drive someone towards a new situation means to push them towards accepting it. ✔公众号【琐简英语】回复“打卡”，进入【英语晨读×全英交流群】

The world this week--Business The Biden administration said it would provide $6.6bn in direct funding to TSMC to support its facilities in Arizona for manufacturing the world's most advanced semiconductors. TSMC, based in Taiwan and the world's largest contract chipmaker, will have three sites in Phoenix when it completes a new factory there. It is increasing its investment to $65bn, the largest-ever foreign direct investment in a "greenfield" project, meaning built from scratch, in America. TSMC supplies chips to Apple and Nvidia for use in smartphones and artificial intelligence. 拜登政府表示，将向台积电提供66亿美元的直接资金，以支持其在亚利桑那州的工厂制造世界上最先进的半导体。台积电总部位于台湾，是全球最大的合同芯片制造商，在凤凰城建成新工厂后，将在凤凰城拥有三个工厂。它正在将其投资增加到650亿美元，这是美国有史以来对“绿地”项目的最大外国直接投资，也就是从零开始的新建项目。台积电向苹果和英伟达提供用于智能手机和人工智能的芯片。 Intel unveiled its Gaudi 3 chip for AI, which it claims is faster and more power-efficient than Nvidia's H100. It tested the chip on two open-source large language models: Llama, which is run by Meta, and Falcon, a project backed by Abu Dhabi. Intel also announced a plan to create, with other tech companies, an open platform for enterprise AI that will "accelerate deployment" of secure generative AI systems. 英特尔发布了用于人工智能的 Gaudi 3 芯片，并声称该芯片比英伟达的 H100 更快、更省电。它在两个开源大型语言模型上对芯片进行了测试： 由 Meta 运营的 Llama 和阿布扎比支持的 Falcon 项目。英特尔还宣布了一项计划，将与其他科技公司共同创建一个企业人工智能开放平台，以 "加快运用"安全的人工智能生成系统。 Disney is to crack down on users who share passwords to its streaming services. Bob Iger, Disney's chief executive, said the crackdown would be gradually rolled out to different countries starting in June. Netflix implemented a similar policy last year, and it has since reported a surge in subscribers. 迪士尼将打击分享其流媒体服务密码的用户。迪士尼首席执行官鲍勃·艾格表示，从6月开始，打击行动将逐步推广到不同的国家。Netflix去年也实施了类似的政策，此后用户激增。 Boeing's safety record was in the spotlight again. An engineer at Boeing alleged that the company took shortcuts on quality and safety when it manufactured 787 and 777 jets, leaving them with potential structural flaws. Boeing described the claims as "inaccurate". And the Federal Aviation Administration investigated yet another incident involving a Boeing plane, this time an engine panel that fell off a 737-800 during take-off from Denver. Meanwhile, Alaska Air received $160m in compensation from Boeing for the panel that fell off one of its aircraft in January, leaving a gaping hole in the plane. The airline said it expects further payments. 波音公司的安全记录再次成为人们关注的焦点。波音公司的一名工程师声称，该公司在制造787和777喷气式飞机时，在质量和安全方面走了捷径，使其存在潜在的结构缺陷。波音公司称这些说法“不准确”。美国联邦航空管理局调查了另一起涉及波音飞机的事件，这次是一架737-800飞机从丹佛起飞时发动机面板脱落。与此同时，阿拉斯加航空公司从波音公司获得了1.6亿美元的赔偿，赔偿金额是1月份从其一架飞机上掉下来的面板，导致飞机上出现了一个大洞。该航空公司表示，预计将支付更多款项。 Tesco, Britain's biggest supermarket chain, reported a big rise in pre-tax profit to ￡2.3bn ($2.9bn) for the 12 months ending February 24th. It expects higher profits this year, as inflationary pressures have "lessened substantially". Meanwhile, John Lewis, a troubled department-store and supermarket chain, appointed Jason Tarry, a former senior executive at Tesco, as its new chair.Dame Sharon White held the position for five years, the shortest-ever tenure in the job. 英国最大的连锁超市乐购报告称，在截至 2 月 24 日的 12 个月中，税前利润大幅增长至 23 亿英镑（29 亿美元）。由于通胀压力 "大幅减轻"，该公司预计今年的利润将有所提高。与此同时，陷入困境的百货商店和连锁超市约翰·刘易斯任命乐购前高管杰森·塔里为新主席。 The EU's General Court ruled that sanctions imposed on Mikhail Fridman, a Russian investor, and Petr Aven, his business partner, between February 2022 and March 2023 must be annulled. The court found that the EU had not "sufficiently substantiated" its reasons for linking Messrs Fridman and Aven to Vladimir Putin's regime after Russia invaded Ukraine. Mr Fridman is one of Russia's most prominent businessmen. Both men are still subject to sanctions not covered by the judgment. 欧盟普通法院裁定，必须取消2022年2月至2023年3月期间对俄罗斯投资者米哈伊尔·弗里德曼及其商业伙伴彼得·阿文实施的制裁。法院认定，在俄罗斯入侵乌克兰后，欧盟没有“充分证实”其将弗里德曼和阿文与弗拉基米尔·普京政权联系起来的理由。弗里德曼是俄罗斯最著名的商人之一。两人仍受到判决未涵盖的制裁。 ✔更多文本内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，进入【打卡交流群】

Rabbits aren't just for Easter Bunnies aren't just for Easter. That's the message a rabbit charity wants people to hear this weekend. With around 20,000 animals abandoned each year in the UK, Ricky has been finding out more. 兔子不是复活节的专属。这是一家兔子慈善机构希望人们在本周末听到的信息。在英国，每年约有 20,000 只动物被遗弃，里基发现了更多。 Ders has been here for just over the year. When it comes to pets, rabbits are the third most popular animal that we like to keep at home. It's thought the Romans first brought rabbits to Britain over 2,000 years ago. And whilst there's no denying their cuteness, rabbit rescue charities like this one in Hertfordshire are calling on families to stop before they hop to a pet store. 德斯来这里已经一年多了。说到宠物，兔子是我们喜欢在家里饲养的第三大最受欢迎的动物。人们认为罗马人在 2,000 多年前首次将兔子带到英国。虽然不可否认它们的可爱，但像赫特福德郡这样的兔子救援慈善机构，正在呼吁人们不要再去宠物店了。 We recommend that you don't go out to buy a rabbit straight away. Yes, of course they look gorgeous and they're everywhere at this time of year, but they are a huge commitment. We would like you to do some research. They do live for a long time, sort of 10 to 12 years. 我们建议你不要马上出去买兔子。是的，它们当然看起来很漂亮，每年这个时候到处都是，但它们意味着一个巨大的承诺。我们希望你做一些调查。它们确实能活很长时间，大约10到12年。 We have over 70 at the moment. As soon as one goes off to a lovely home, the next one will be there to fill its space. They will need a specialist diet. They're classed as an exotic animal, so they'll need a good vet. And then going back to the space, they'll need an enclosure that they can get into 24 hours a day. A small hutch just isn't enough for them. 我们现在有70多只兔子。只要一只兔子去了一个可爱的家，下一只兔子就会来填补它的空缺。他们需要专业的饮食。它们属于外来动物，所以需要一个好的兽医。然后回到空间，他们需要一个可以待24小时一天的围栏。但一个小笼子对它们来说是不够的。 Pets at home are also banning the sale of rabbits over the Easter weekend to stop families from making any snap decisions. This charity says bunnies have had a tough time lately. The cost of living crisis has made it harder for some families to look after them properly. The price of pet insurance and food means many have ended up back here. 家中的宠物也禁止在复活节周末期间出售兔子，以防止家庭做出任何草率的决定。这个慈善机构说兔子们最近日子不好过。生活成本的危机使得一些家庭更难适当地照顾他们。宠物保险和食物的价格意味着许多人最终回到了这里。 I think we're busy all year round but there's definitely more More going on at Easter. So the message is clear, if you want a bunny at Easter, stick to the chocolate kind. 我想我们一年到头都很忙，但是复活节肯定还有更多活动。所以信息很明确，如果你想在复活节得到一只兔子，那还是改成吃兔子状的巧克力吧。 ✔更多文本内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，进入【打卡交流群】

Pokemon: Europe International Championships - we speak to kids competing ｜Newsround I'm here at the Pokemon Europe International Championships. This is where some of the best players in the world come to compete. Let's go and find out more. I caught up with Emery, who is competing in the tournament, to find out a bit more about how it all works. 我在精灵宝可梦欧洲国际锦标赛现场。这是一些世界上最好的选手来比赛的地方。让我们去了解更多。我采访了正在参加比赛的埃默里，以了解更多关于这一切是如何运作的。 What are the International Championships? The International Championships are events in three different continents, North America, Latin America, and Europe, where the best of the best battle it out to get their invitation to the World Championships. 什么是国际锦标赛？国际锦标赛是在北美、拉丁美洲和欧洲三大洲举行的赛事，在这些赛事中，最优秀的选手将一决高下，以获得参加世界锦标赛的邀请。 So what exactly are people playing? So where we're standing right now, this is the TCG area. TCG stands for trading card game and you have VGC which is video game competition which is what I play in. You also have Pokemon Go and then also you do have Pokemon Unite. 人们到底在玩什么？我们现在所处的位置，是 TCG 区域。TCG 代表交易卡片游戏，你有 VGC，这是视频游戏竞争，这是我玩的。也有口袋妖怪Go，然后你也有口袋妖怪Unite。 But what's it like to compete in the tournament? Well, meet Marceline, Elijah and their dad, who all compete together. How does it feel to be competing? It kind of makes me feel nervous, but it feels kind of fun a lot. 但是参加比赛是什么感觉呢？好吧，认识一下玛瑟琳、以利亚和他们的爸爸，他们都在一起比赛。参加比赛的感觉如何？这让我感到紧张，但感觉很有趣。 How does it feel to be able to compete as a family? Because all three of you play, so how does that feel? Well, it feels nice because if you're playing and you finish, you can go over to the other people and see how their game's doing. Who usually wins when you guys compete against each other? Usually me, but sometimes her. That's a bold statement. It can be pretty 50-50 at times. 能够作为一个家庭参与竞争的感觉如何？因为你们三个都是选手，感觉怎么样？感觉很好，因为如果你打完了，你可以去其他人那里看看他们的比赛进展如何。当你们互相竞赛的时候，谁通常会赢？通常是我，但有时是她，大胆地来说吧。有时候可能是一半一半。 It's not just competitors from here in the UK. The tournament draws in people from all over the world, like Zoe, Kiera, Paige and their parents, who travelled from the US to compete. 不仅仅是来自英国的参赛者。这项赛事吸引了来自世界各地的人，比如佐伊、基拉、佩奇和他们的父母，他们从美国赶来参赛。 What is the best thing about these tournaments? They're fun and you get to like, sometimes you can bring Pokemon you really, really like. I'd say meeting up with my friends, talking to them and battling them. 这些锦标赛最棒的地方是什么？他们很有趣，你会喜欢，有时候你可以带上你非常非常喜欢的口袋妖怪。我会去见见我的朋友，和他们聊聊天，和他们比赛。 How does it feel to be competing? It's amazing to be competing in some big places like this. Like, as a normal family, you wouldn't think that even just going to one of these, you wouldn't be able to travel across the world for all these different events, and now here we are. 参加比赛的感觉如何？能在这样的大地方比赛真是太棒了。就像，作为一个普通的家庭，你不会想到能来其中一个，你也无法在世界各地参加所有这些不同的活动，但现在我们来了。 Who is the best in the family? It's hard to figure out between Kira and Dad, because Kira's really good at BGC, and Dad's really good at Go. There's no competition, it's Kira. So, I've learnt loads about the Pokemon Championships, but I'm going to be a Pokemon Master, I need to keep practising. 谁是家里最好的？基拉和爸爸之间很难分清，因为基拉真的很擅长BGC，而爸爸真的很擅长Go。没有竞争，是基拉。所以，我已经学到了很多关于口袋妖怪锦标赛的知识，但我要成为一名口袋妖怪大师，我需要继续练习。 ✔更多内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”，可进入【打卡交流群】