原文最初发表豆瓣阅读，本人专栏《爱上学英语》：美丽与哀愁：杰奎琳.肯尼迪https://read.douban.com/reader/column/815784/chapter/8079058/?dcs=chapters&dcm=chapter-list 杰奎琳和JFK

第二任首席大法官：John Rutledge 第三任首席大法官：Oliver Ellsworth noteworthy for its brevity：因任期格外短暂而引人注目 be saddled with debts：债台高筑 insolvency：无力偿债 / 破产 ratification：批准生效

John Paul Stevens: 本书的作者。是美国联邦最高法院的传奇大法官，任职长达 35 年，其生涯见证了美国司法理念的变迁，还凭借独立务实的司法立场深刻影响了诸多领域的法律实践。 第一任首席大法官 John Jay Constitution: 宪法 Supreme Court： 最高法院 Chief Justice： 首席大法官 jurisdiction: 管辖权 Revolutionary War: 独立战争

原文载于我的豆瓣专栏《爱上学英语》：《给那些你遇见过的姑娘 ——用英文描写人 》 — 安妮蔡 https://read.douban.com/column/815784/chapter/5100958/?dcs=column&dcm=chapter-list 博尔赫斯《爱的预感》： Neither the intimacy of your look, your brow fair as a feast day 无论是你面容的亲切 光彩如一个节日 Nor the favor of your body still mysterious, reserved and childlike 无论是你身体的恩宠 仍然神秘而缄默 一派稚气 Nor what comes to me of your life, setting in words or silence 还是你生命的延续 留在词语或宁静里 Will be so mysterious a gift 都比不上如此神秘的一个赐予 As the sight of your sleep, enfolded 像注视着你的睡梦 拢在 In the vigil of my arms 我怀抱的守夜之中。 杜鲁门总统的夫人：Bess Truman 描述她外貌的句子：Her clothes were tailored—two-piece suits with hat and gloves for outside, simple dresses at home. In the evening, she wore long gowns cut with straight lines, usually with one strand of pearls. And I never saw her wrinkled or rumpled. She was always impeccably groomed. she was correct but not formal, hesitant but not indecisive. 罗斯福总统的夫人 描述她外貌和性格的句子：she was wearing a dark skirt and a white ruffled blouse, and wisps of gray were beginning to stray from her hair, which was loosely pulled back into a knot. When she spoke, her voice was high-pitched and shrill, and she talked so fast I had trouble understanding her.

威廉・约瑟夫・布伦南（William Joseph Brennan Jr.）是美国第 14 任最高法院大法官，于 1956 年至 1990 年在任。他是一位具有重要影响力的自由派大法官，在民权、言论自由、政教分离等诸多领域的判决中发挥了关键作用。 安东宁・格雷戈里・斯卡利亚（Antonin Gregory Scalia，1936 年 3 月 11 日 —2016 年 2 月 13 日）是美国联邦最高法院极具影响力的保守派大法官，也是宪法原旨主义的核心倡导者。 * 一些有用的短语和词汇 take their revenge 展开她们的报复 over-the-top dissent：言辞过激的异议意见 vaunted political charms：备受赞誉的政治魅力 immune to：不受…… 影响，对……免疫的 reach out to：主动联系、接洽 litigator：诉讼律师 Equal Rights Amendment： 平等权利修正案 anti-abortion activists： 反堕胎活动人士 bequeath：遗赠、赠予 turn a deaf ear to： 对…… 充耳不闻 disempowered individuals： 失权群体、权力弱势群体

* 原文刊登在我的原创专栏《爱上学英语》：https://read.douban.com/column/815784/ * 文中涉及的一些词汇 amphitheater：anoval or circular building with an open area ringed by rising tiers of seats,used in ancient Rome for contests and spectacles. amphitheater是古罗马或古希腊的竞技场、圆形露天剧场”。 Flavian Amphitheater罗马弗拉维安露天剧场，也就是现在众所周知的罗马竞技场（Colosseum）. frenzied: 疯狂的 bacchanalian: 狂欢作乐的；酗酒的；放纵的 Dionysian: 疯狂的、狂欢的 * Merriam-Webster’sVocabulary Builder

年轻时期的金斯伯格，标准的美女~~ 一些有用的短语： * be entitled to rule：有权治理、有权统治 * snarky titans：态度尖刻的巨头 * fulsome in her praise：赞不绝口 * blind spot：盲区 * set herself up as：将自己定位为...... * take offense：感到冒犯、生气 * fresh out of：刚从…… 毕业（原文译文 “刚从…… 毕业的年轻桑德拉・戴“） * wicked get-even speech：酣畅淋漓的复仇演说 * self-esteem：自尊 * pull the ladder up after them：得势后阻挠他人 * clarity about their rightful place：对自身应有地位的清晰认 * relegate to：贬为、降职为 * be justified in：有正当理由做 * combination of self-respect and regard for others：自尊与共情他人的特质组合 * cultures ofempowerment：赋能型的文化环境 * placed a high value on volunteering：崇尚志愿精神 * robust public role：重要的公共角色 * fell from favor：不再受青睐 * a constant theme in her life：一生不变的主题 * came of age：成长、步入成年 * liberal revival：自由主义复兴 * protégée：得意门生、受提携者 * the goods of liberalism：自由主义的核心成果 * advocated for hertirelessly：为她不懈奔走发声 * lay with the legal system：在于法律体系 * profound clarity of vision：极其敏锐的洞察力 * arrived at this similar insight：得出了这一相似的深刻见解 * touchstones of American liberalism：美国自由主义的核心原则 * crusading lawyer：维权律师 * predisposed them to be useful：让她们自然而然地成为了关键力量

Actus Reus: The physical element of a crime; the guilty act or the physical aspect of the crime. 针对人的犯罪： 1. murder 谋杀 2. battery 殴击罪 3. assault 袭击罪 4. rape 强奸罪 针对物的犯罪 1. burglary 夜盗罪 2. embezzlement 侵占罪 3. larceny 盗窃罪 针对公众的犯罪 1.hate crimes 仇恨犯罪，一般指基于被害人的种族、宗教、性别、性取向等特定身份特征，而实施的具有歧视性的犯罪行为，核心是 “基于偏见的犯罪”。 2. vagrancy 流浪罪 3. disorderly conduct 扰乱公共安全的犯罪

Mens Rea: mental state of the defendants. 1. purposeful 蓄意 2. knowing 明知 3. reckless 轻率或鲁莽 4. negligent 疏忽大意 内容参考自黑姆丝、伊肯著，姜栋改编：《法律英语：法学概论》（第三版）， 中国人民大学出版社

1. 马伯里诉麦迪逊案的案件索引: Marbury v. Madision, 5 U.S. 137 (1803) 2. 至今美国最高院的展厅里都有大法官马歇尔的全身铜像，马伯里和麦迪逊的画像也被挂在了法官的用餐餐厅里。 大法官马歇尔 痴迷于治安法官的马伯里 不肯发委任状的民主共和党人，杰弗逊总统时期的国务卿麦迪逊 3. 关于确立最高院违宪审查权力的判决原文节选： （1）If an act of the legislature, repugnant to the constitution, isvoid, does it, notwithstanding its invalidity, bind the courts,and oblige them to give it effect? Or, in other words, though itbe not law, does it constitute a rule as operative as if it was alaw? This would be to overthrow in fact what was establishedin theory; and would seem, at first view, an absurdity too grossto be insisted on. It shall, however, receive a more attentiveconsideration. （2）So if a law be in opposition to the constitution; ifboth the law and the constitution apply to a particular case,so that the court must either decide that case conformably tothe law, disregarding the constitution; or conformably to the constitution, disregarding the law; the court must determinewhich of these conflicting rules governs the case. This is ofthe very essence of judicial duty.