在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.branch campuses 分校 原文 Canadian Universities There are about fifty standing-alone，4-year-degree-granting universities in Canada Unlike the higher education systems in the united states，most universities in Canada are publicly funded institutions although there are a few private institutions These public universities are funded and regulated by the province to which they belong. In British Columbia，there are four publicly funded universities：University of British Columbia，Simon Fraser University，University of Victoria，and University of Northern British Columbia；and one private university：Trinity Western University. In Alberta，the three publicly funded universities are University of Alberta，University of Calgary，and University of Lethbridge. In Saskatchenwan，the two publicly funded universities are University of Saskatchenwan and University of Regina. Moving into Manitoba，there are three publicly funded universities in the province. They are University of Manitoba，University of Winnipeg，and Brandon University. Ontario is not only the populated province in Canada but also has the largest number of universities. It has 17 publicly funded universities. They are（from west to east and south to north）：University of Winsor，University of Western Ontario，University of Guelph，University of Waterloo，Wilfred Laurier University，McMaster University，Brock University，York University，University of Toronto，Ryerson University，Trent University，Queen's University，University of Ottawa，Carleton University，Laurentian University，Nipissing University，and Lakehead University. The Province of Quebec has seven publicly funded universities with many of them having several branch campuses throughout the province. They are University of Montreal，University of Quebec，Laval University，Concordia University，McGill University，University of Sherbrooke，and Bishop's University. While French is the official language of instruction at most of these institutions，English is the official one at both Concordia University and McGill University. Canada's Atlantic provinces have the rest of the fifty universities in Canada. They are University of New Brunswick and University of Moncton in the Province of New Brunswick；Acadia University，Dalhousie University，Mount Allison University，Mount Saint Vincent University，Saint Mary's University，and Nova Scotia Agricultural college in the Province of Nova Scotia；University of Prince Edward Island in the Province of Prince Edward Island and University of Newfoundland in the Province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.elevation 高度 2.revised 修正 3.reference 参考 4.chimney 烟囱 5.ribbons 丝带 6.culminate 以...结束 7.descendding 下降 8.devoid 缺乏 9.curative 治愈的 10.cosmetic 美容 11.Badwater Basin 恶水盆地 12.spectacular desert scenery 壮观的沙漠景象 13.undisturbed wilderness 为受干扰的荒野 原文 For The Record What is the world's tallest mountain and highest elevation？ Of course，Mt. Everest，on the border of Nepal and Tibet，China，is the world's tallest mountain and highest elevation with a peak at 29035 feet（or 8850m）. The National Geographic Society revised the height of Mt. Everest in 1999 from 29028 feet（or 98848m） due to new GPS calculations. What's the tallest mountain from base to peak？ Mauna Kea in Hawaii is the one. Its bases on the sea floor，and it raises 33480 feet（or 10314 m）in total，reaching 13796 feet（or 4205m）above sea level. In reference to its towering height 20320 feet above sea level，Mt. McKinley in Alaska is the tallest mountain in North America. It has been named“The Roof of North America”or“The Chimney of North America”. Located about 55 kilometers drive from Amman，Jordan the Dead Sea in the Middle East region is the lowest point on Earth. The sunset touching the distant hills with ribbons of fire across the waters of the Dead Sea brings a sense of unreality to culminate a day's visit to the lowest point on the earth，some 1320 feet（or 400m）below sea level. On route a stone marker indicates“Sea Level”，but the Dead Sea itself is not reached before descending another 400 meters below this sign. As the name suggests，the sea is devoid of life due to an extremely high content of salts and minerals. But it is these natural elements which give the waters their curative powers，recognized since the days of Herod the Great，more than 2000 years ago. They also provide the raw materials for the renowned Jordanian Dead Sea Bath Salt and cosmetic products which are marketed worldwide. Badwater basin，the floor of Death Valley National Park in California，is the lowest point in the western hemisphere with 282 feet（or 85m）below sea level. Death Valley National Park，established in 1933，has more than 3.3 million acres of spectacular desert scenery，interesting and rare desert wildlife，complex geology，undisturbed wilderness，and sites of historical and cultural interest.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.Rocky Mountains 落基山脉 2.distinctive 独特的 3.rugged 崎岖的 4,.glacier 冰川 5.alpine meadows 高山草甸 6.canyons 峡谷 7.hoodoos 石林 8.landscape 景观 9.mammals 哺乳动物 10.elk 麋鹿 11.grizzly 灰熊 12.caribou 驯鹿 13.gouged 挖 14.picturesque 优美的 15.serene 宁静的 16.slopes 山坡 17.semi-arid 半干燥 18.cactus仙人掌 19.awe 惊叹 20.spectacular 壮观的 21.soaring 高耸的 22.marine fossils 海洋化石 23.bearing 关系 24.resemblance 相似 原文 Canadian Rocky Mountains Some of the best-known mountain scenery on earth is concentrated in a set of seven parks in the Canadian Rocky Mountains. There are four national parks in the Canadian Rockies-Banff，Jasper，Yoho and Kootenay，and three British Columbia provincial parks-Mount Robson，Mount Assiniboine and Hamber. The seven preserves located along the Albert-British Columbia border attract more than nine million people annually. Banff National Park became Canada's first national park in 1885，and birthplace of the Canada's national park system. It is home to a variety of distinctive natural features and cultural and historical sites. Rugged mountains，glaciers，icefields，alpine meadows，beautiful blue cold-water lakes，mineral hot springs，deep canyons and hoodoos compose the natural landscape and a habitat for a great variety of mammals such as elk，bighorn sheep，black and grizzly bear，and caribou. Jasper National Park is the largest and most northerly of the Canadian Rocky Mountains Parks. The park is less commercialized than Banff，so it can still keep many natural beauties and scenery. Its scenery includes deeply gouged Maligne Canyon，picturesque Maligne Lake，the thunder of Sunwapta Falls，the serene beauty of glacier-covered Mount Edith Cavell，and Miette Hot Springs. As one of 39 national parks in Canada，Kootenay National Park represents the south-western slopes of the Canadian Rocky Mountains. From glacier-clad peaks to semi-arid grasslands，where even cactus grows. Kootenay is rich in variety and is one of the largest protected areas in the world. Yoho National Park，representing the western slope of the Rocky Mountains region holds the secrets of ancient ocean life，the power of ice and water，and unique plant and animal communities that continue to evolve today. Awe and wonder is a natural response for this place of rock walls，spectacular waterfalls and soaring peaks. The Burgess Shale contains one of the world's most significant finds of soft-bodied，Middle Cambrian-age marine fossils，with about 150 species，including some bearing no resemblance to known animals. These four Canadian National Parks account for 14300 square miles. The four National Parks along with three British Columbia provincial parks form the UNESCO Rocky Mountain Parks World Heritage Site-one of the largest protected areas in the world.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.elevation 海拔 2.series 系列 3.rapids 急流 4.drains 排干 5.shallow basin 浅盆底 6.straits 海峡 7.canals 运河 8.tremendous significance 重大意义 9.arteries 动脉，干线 10.fisheries 渔场 11.marinas 码头 原文 Great Lakes The Great Lakes are s group of five large freshwater lakes in North America that are interconnected by natural and artificial channels. They are（from east to west）：Lake Ontario，Lake Erie，Lake Huron，Lake Michigan，and Lake Superior. Most of them，except Lake Michigan，which lies entirely within in the United States，form part of the border between the United States and Canada. The Great Lakes are bordered by the Canadian province Ontario and by eight U.S, states including（from west to east）：Wisconsin，Minnesota，Illinois，Indiana，Ohio，Michigan，Pennsylvania，and New York. Large cities like Chicago，Detroit，Cleveland，and Toronto lie on the shores of the Great Lakes systems. The Great Lakes systems，with a combined surface area of 244100 sq km，holds about 20 percent of the world's fresh surface water. Lake elevations decrease to the east and south. Lake Superior，the largest lake at 82100 sq km，is also the largest freshwater lake in the world. Its outlet is the Saint Mary's River，which enters Lake Huron after falling about 7 meters over a series of rapids. Lake Huron and Lake Michigan lie at the same elevation. Water flows from Lake Michigan to Lake Huron. Lake Michigan is deeper than Lake Huron，but the latter is larger in area，at 59600 sq km. Lake Huron drains into the Saint Clair River，which falls about 3 meters between Lake Huron and the small，shallow basin of Lake Saint Clair. Lake Saint Clair is connected to Lake Erie by the Detroit River. At its northeast end，Lake Erie empties into the Niagara River，which drops 99 meters as it flows north to Lake Ontario，which is the smallest of the Great Lake at 19010 sq km. Lake Ontario is linked with the Atlantic Ocean via the St. Lawrence River. The Great Rivers interconnect by rivers，straits，and canals，are a natural resource of tremendous significance in North America；they serve as the focus of the industrial heartland of the continent and together form one of the world's busiest shipping arteries. The lakes also form an important recreational resource with about 17000 km of shoreline，rich sport fisheries，and numerous beaches and marinas.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.frustrations 挫败 2.stemming from 源于 3.accused 控告 4.counsellor 辅导员 5.stuck together 黏在一起 6.mature 成熟 原文 The First Five Years of My Life in Canada I left Korea 25 years ago，for Toronto，Ontario，Canada. I was 17 years old at that time. Now everyone knows how old I am. As any immigrant who left his or her country for a new place for looking for a better life，I believe the first five years of my living in Canada were the most challenging ones. It did not take long time for me to realize that I would have to face the biggest challenges in my life：the language problem. Although I had learned English in high school for almost for five years before coming to Canada，I did not find it useful in day-to-day living at this new place. My frustrations，stemming from lack of my English conversation skills，included ordering food at a fast-food restaurant，phone conversation，and conversations with neighbors. The most frustrating moment was my inability to explain to other people I was accused of something I did not do. Knowing that I was not able to defend myself properly due to lack of conversation skills，a few people often took advantage of me for their own benefits. However，throughout the years I met a lot of good people who gave me strength and encouragement. Among those people in my heart I still remember Mrs. Overholts. Mrs. Overholts was working in the Counsellor's Office at the high school I attended for two years，and she gave me a lot of valued advice and directions in regards in my academic life，as well as my personal one. My dear friends in my high school also helped me not only survive in the new country but also taught me the new cultures and systems. Some of them went to the same university as I did，while others went to different institutions. I am still in contact with many of them，but wherever they are，I believe they are making a positive contribution to the society. I owe the most to my father；my mother，who passed away seven years ago；and my brothers. We were neither rich nor poor，but we stuck together all the time. My parents taught me love，care，and kindness，through their actions，not just their words. It was from my family that I got strength when I was weak. It was my family who listened to me when I needed to talk. It was my family who really was happy for me when I told them good news. The first five years of my life in Canada surely was one of the most difficult times in my life. I believe，however，that it was also an important time period in my life for me to become a more mature and independent human being. I thank all of those who played a role in some way to help out during the transition period of my life.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.electronic commerce 电子商务 2.encompasses 包含，围绕 3.automation 自动化 4.transactions 交易 5.parcel 包裹 6.bypass 绕过 7.intermediates 中间商 8.distributors 分销商 9.retail 零售 10.multimedia catalogs 多媒体目录 11.alternative 替代 12.auction 拍卖 13.sponsor 赞助 14.portals 门户 原文 E-Commerce Electronic commerce（or simply e-commerce）is more than just buying and selling products or services online. It encompasses the entire online process of developing，marketing，selling，delivering，servicing and paying for products and services. E-commerce systems rely on the recourses of the Internet and other computer networks to support every step of the process. Through an E-commerce system，consumers can order and make payment for the products or services they purchase online and receive the support at the company's websites through the Internet. It also allows consumers and suppliers to participate in product development via Internet newsgroups and E-mail exchanges. There are basic types of e-commerce applications：business-to-business（B2B），business -to-consumer（B2C），and consumer-to-consumer（C2C）. Business-to-business（B2B）e-commerce is the online automation of purchase and sale transactions from business to business. Many companies use secure Internet or extranets for their business consumers and suppliers to access to their websites while some may rely on electronic data interchange（EDI）systems. Cisco systems，a leading manufacturer of computer networking equipment，makes about 40 percent of its sales online. These activities include order taking，credit check，production scheduling and technical support to their consumers. General Electric and the United Parcel Service（UPS）are a few of many other firms that offer B2B e-commerce sites. Business-to-consumer（B2C）e-commerce creates electronic marketplaces where businesses promote and sell products and services directly to consumer. In this form of electronic commerce，which has grown into a multibillion dollar market，business can bypass intermediaries such as distributors or retail outlets. Companies like Amazon.com and Dell Corporation offer e-commerce websites that provide virtual storefronts and multimedia catalogs，interactive order processing，secure electronic payment systems，and online consumer support. Consumer-to-consumer（C2C）e-commerce is an important alternative for business-to-business or business-to-consumer e-commerce. In this form of e-commerce，consumers can buy and sell products and services with each other in an auction process at an auction website. Through an online auction site like eBay，one of the most successful C2C e-commerce models，consumers and businesses can participate in or sponsor consumer or business auctions. Other forms of consumer-to-consumer e-commerce include personal advertising of products or services by consumers at electronic newspaper sites，consumer e-commerce portals，or personal websites.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.afterthought 事后想法 2.substantially 大大地 3.radically 彻底的 4.regional 区域的 5.diversify 多样化 6.integrate 整合 7.alliances 同盟 8.though 艰难的 原文 Strategic Uses of Information Technology What is information technology？ How can information technology be used in an organization to improve its efficiency？ How much investment should an organization make in information technology？ What are the business benefits and opportunities an organization may achieve from using information technology？ These are some of the most questions many organizations ask themselves before investing their capitals in information technology. In an academic term，information technology is defined as hardware，software，telecommunications，database management，and other information processing technologies used in computer-based information systems. There are many ways that organizations may view and use information technology. However，in today's competitive business environment，technology is no longer an afterthought in forming business strategy，but it is the actual cause and driver. In other words，for a firm to maintain or improve its business competitiveness，it must use information technology to achieve strategic advantage. Information technology can help a company substantially reduce the cost of business processes and lower the costs of customers or suppliers. Information technology can help a company differentiate its products or services from others. Using information technology，a firm can create new products and services or make radical changes to business processes. A firm can use information technology to manage regional and global business expansion or to diversify and integrate into other products and services. A firm can use information technology to create virtual organizations of business partners or to develop alliance with customers，suppliers，and other business partners. Information technology can dramatically improve the efficiency of business processes and quality of products and services. Using information technology，a firm can build a strategic information base of all the information collected. Some experts argue that use of information technology has become a strategic necessity rather than a strategic advantage，because most of competitive advantages don't last more than a few years. Whether the statement is true or not，most companies may not want to wait too long before investing in information technology，because it would be tough to catch up later once you get behind your competitors，especially when everyone is playing with newer，better technology.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.firm 公司 2.forecasts 预测 3.projected 规划 4.budgets 预算 5.evaluates 评估 6.allocation 分配 7.capital 资本 8.securities 安全 9.profitability 盈利能力 10.expenditures 支出 11.potential 潜在的，潜力 12.purchasing 购买 13.inventory 库存 14.manufacturing 制造 15.facilities location 设施选址 16.layout 安排 17.recuritment 招收 18.compensation 赔偿 19.integrated 集成的 20.enterprise 企业 原文 Business Education What is business？ A business includes all the activities involved to create and sell a product or service. The most important functional areas of business include：accounting，finance，marketing，production/operations，and human resources management. Accounting is a field business that records and reports the flow of funds through a firm on a historical basis and produces important financial statements such as balance sheets and income statements. It also produces forecasts of future conditions such as projected financial statements and financial budgets，and evaluates the firm's financial performance against the forecasts. The finance area of business supports a firm in decisions concerning the financing of the firm's business and the allocation and control of financial resource within the firm. Major activities of finance include cash and investment management，capital budgeting，financial forecasting，and financial planning. The cash and investment management activities forecast and manage the firm's cash position and short-term and other securities. The capital budgeting activity involves evaluating the profitability and risk of proposed capital expenditures. The financial planning process evaluates the present and projected financial performance of the firm and projects the firm's future financial needs. The marketing function of business is concerned with the planning，promotion，sale，and distribution of existing products or services in existing markets，and the development of new products and new services in order to better serve existing and potential customers with quality products and services. It is also responsible for customer relationship management，product planning，pricing，advertising，after-sale service，and market research and forecasting. The production/operation function focuses on the management of all activities concerned with the planning and control of the processes producing the goods or services. These activities include purchasing of raw material and parts，product design，inventory，manufacturing processes，facilities location，and layout，quality control，and such other logistics as distribution and transportation. The human resource management function involves the recruitment，placement，evaluate，compensation，and development of a firm's employees. With the main goal of the effective and efficient use of a firm's human capital，the human resources management function supports planning to meet the personal needs of the business，development of employees to their full potential，and control of all personnel policies and programs. While each of the aforementioned functional areas with a firm used to operate somewhat independently with its own objectives resources，information and other computer technologies have integrated all business functions with the firm and created something called“an Internet worked e-business enterprise”.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.enrolled 登记注册 2.accommodates 容纳 3.granting 允许、颁发 4.abolish 废除 5.consistent 一致 6.cohort 同伙 7.certificates 证书 8.diplomas 文凭 9.emphasizing 强调 10.implies 暗示 11.curriculum 课程 12.conjunction 结合 原文 Education Systems in Canada In Canada each province is responsible for its own education systems. In general，there are three levels of education systems in Canada：（1）Kindergarten to Grade 8；（2）Grade 9 to Grade 12；and（3）Post-Secondary education. Kindergarten may further be divided into Junior and Senior Kindergarten for four and five years old children，respectively. Grade 9 and 12 students are enrolled in a secondary school system，which is similar to a high school system in the USA. Some cities and towns may have a junior high school system，which accommodates children from Grade 7 to Grade 9. In the Province of Ontario there is Grade 13，which is required step for all students who want to attend a degree-granting university. This feature has been unique for Ontario，but the Province has decided to abolish it in order to be consistent with other provinces' secondary education systems. By year 2003，when Grade 13 is completely abandoned，the number of students entering a university or college is expected to be almost double（called“double cohort”）. Post-secondary education system in Canada includes universities，community colleges，university colleges，and other private institution providing post-secondary education，such as skill training and continuing education. A university is a standing-alone，degree-granting institution that offers certificates，diplomas，and Bachelor/Master/Ph. D. degrees. There are about 50 universities throughout the country，most of which are publicly funded institutions. Some of the most recognized universities include the University of Toronto，McGill University，the University of British Columbia，and Queen's University. A community college offers a verity of programs for students who want to learn technical skills，skills that they can apply to the real world quickly. These programs are usually one or two years in length emphasizing hand-on experience in classroom setting. It grants certificates and diplomas and offers a verity of training courses for people who want to upgrade themselves with the current market and new technologies. A university college，as the name implies，is somewhat in between a community college and a university. This type of institution is common in British Columbia，the most western province in Canada. It grants certificates and diplomas by itself. However，it is not able to grant university degrees alone，although it often offers the courses required for a university degree. The curriculum for a degree program is usually designed in conjunction with a university，which actually grants degrees to the university college students.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.academia 学术界 2.post-secondary institution 高等教育机构 3.frustration 挫败 4.dynamic 动态的 5.complement 补足 6.corporate citizens 企业公民 7.committees 委员会 8.aforementioned 上述 原文 Life in Academia A person like me，who teaches and conducts research at an academic institution，is called“academic”. The academic institution may be a form of a university，a college or another post-secondary institution. I have been working in universities for almost eleven years. While enjoying my life in academia，we“academics”also have a lot of stress and often go through a large amount of stress and frustration. Firstly，we have pressure from the university we are working at to become effective teachers. As the environment（in terms of the society and the marketplace）has become more dynamic and competitive，we as teachers must provide students with necessary skills and knowledge so they can become successful in their society. It requires a lot of preparation，updating of material，self-learning，and continuous improvement in teaching. For these reasons，teaching and learning should complement each other. Secondly，we have pressure from both our university and our academic peers to become active and effective researchers. What we teaching to our students in class is no doubt closely relate to what we have learned or discovered from our research activities. Thirdly，we have pressure from the university and the community to become good corporate citizens through active participate in various university committees and/or the community at large. A university and the community it belongs to must work closely together to identity common interests and to conduct projects that could benefit both parties. Even with a high degree of aforementioned pressures，I love my job as a teacher，scholar and citizen. There is a high level of freedom and flexibility. Academia is a place to meet new people，to create new ideas，and for everyone in that community to learn. It is a place where both teaching and learning always take place.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.feats 技艺 2.aviation 航空 3.military 军事的 4.stunt-flying exhibition 飞行特技表演 5.exploits 功绩 6.dense fog 浓雾 7.accompanied 陪伴 8.navigator 导航员 9.endurance 耐力 原文 Amelia Earhart Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous airplane pilots of all time. She is famous for the impressive travels that she made in her airplane，for the mystery surrounding her death，and for showing that women could perform great feats of aviation. Amelia was born in the American state of Kansas，in the year 1897. After graduating from high school，Earhart decided to become a nurse. She worked as a military nurse in Canada during World War One，treating injured soldiers. After the war，she returned to the United States，and became a social worker. But in 1920，she saw airplanes in a stunt-flying exhibition，and early the next year，she took her first ride in an airplane. It was then that Amelia Earhart decided to become a pilot. Within a few months，Earhart saved her money and bought her a small airplane. She flew frequently，and improved her skills as a pilot. In 1928，she joined two men in a flight across the Atlantic Ocean. But Amelia Earhart's greatest exploits were still to come. In May 1932，she attempted to become the first woman to fly“solo”，or alone，across the Atlantic Ocean. She flew east from the island of Newfoundland，and face cold weather，high winds，and dense fog. But she successfully crossed the ocean，and landed her airplane in a farmer's filed in Ireland. When news of her fight reached the United States，Amelia Earhart had became very famous. Later fights by Amelia Earhart were equally impressive. She became the first person to fly from Hawaii to California，across 4000 kilometers of the Pacific Ocean. She also became the first person to fly from Mexico City to the New York City area. But in 1937，she planned her most ambitious：a journey around the world. On June 1st，1937，Amelia Earhart took off from Miami，Florida. She was accompanied by her navigator，Fred Noonan. They flew east，making stops along the way. Within one month，they had flown across three-quarters of the globe，reaching the Pacific island of New Guinea. On July 2nd，Earhart and Noonan took off from New Guinea，flying toward Howland Island. This very small island was over 4000 kilometers from New Guinea，and was very difficult to find in the middle of the vast ocean. During this flight，Earhart and Noonan were in radio contact with some ships from the U.S. Navy. However，bad weather made it impossible to see the stars at night，so navigation was very difficult and the plane became lost. Earhart and Noonan never arrived at Howland Island. The U.S. Navy undertook a massive search，but they never found the last airplane. Earhart and Noonan had been lost at sea. Amelia and Noonan's death was a great tragedy，but she had lived an exciting life that was full with achievements. She had help to show that very long flights could be made，and that women could perform feats of flying that were equal to those of men. Even today，many people are inspired by the courage and endurance of Amelia Earhart.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.prodigy 天才 2.symphony 交响乐 3.Archbishop 大主教 4.string quarter 弦乐四重奏 5.technical 技巧的 6.precision 精确 7.court 宫廷 8.aptitude 资质 9.permanently 永久的 10.withdrawn 孤僻 11.deteriorate 恶化 12.era 时代 13.originality 独创性 14.flourished 兴旺发达 原文 Two Great Musicians：Mozart and Beethoven Much of music of eighteen and nineteen century Europe is still enjoyed by many people. Two of greatest musicians of that time were born only thirty-four years apart，and actually knew each other for a short time. These great musicians were Mozart and Beethoven. Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was born in Austria in the year 1756. As a child，Mozart was a musical prodigy. He began composing music before his fifth birthday，and by the time he reached his teenage years，Mozart had already written many symphonies and other musical works. As a young man，Mozart worked as a“Concert Master”for the Archbishop of Salzburg，in Austria. He also travelled to various European cities. When he was in his mid-twenties，Mozart moved to the city of Vienna. Mozart had difficult earning a living，but during this time he wrote some excellent operas and string quarters. Many people did not yet appreciate the greatness of Mozart's music. In his early thirties，Mozart became the court musician for the Emperor of Austria，and during the next few years，Mozart continued to write many beautiful works of music. Mozart died in 1791，but although his life was short，his productivity had been enormous. The beauty，grace，and technical precision of his music is still greatly admired，and he is considered one of the greatest musicians of all time. When Mozart was in Vienna，he met a young musician named Ludwig van Beethoven. Beethoven performed some music for Mozart，who was greatly impressed by the talent of this young man. Beethoven was born in Germany in 1770，and from an early age，he had displayed a great aptitude for music. Beethoven moved permanently to Vienna in 1792. He studied music under some famous composers，and became known for his outstanding skill in playing the piano. Beethoven became to composed more of his own music，and these works became very more popular. When in his late twenties，Beethoven began to lose his hearing. He continued to composed excellent music，but he became more withdrawn，and performed less frequently. By the year 1817，Beethoven became completely deaf，and he could no longer perform music. However，his creative genius did not deteriorate. Instead，Beethoven created many of his greatest works despite his deafness. It was Beethoven's influence that began the“Romantic”era of music，which followed the“classical”era of the nineteenth century. Beethoven died in 1827，but his music remains famous for its beauty and originality. His greatest symphony，such as Fifth Symphony，are among the world's best-know works of music. Today，the works of Mozart and Beethoven are still among those who appreciate great music. Music fans can look back with wonder at the musical creativity that flourished in Vienna more two centuries ago.