英音听力｜BBC & 经济学人等 - 节目列表

Why forgetting is good for you? Have you ever bumped into someone and their name just doesn't come to you? Or, you walk into a room and suddenly can't recall why you're there? Being forgetful can be really annoying, sometimes even embarrassing. But what if I told you that there are actually good reasons for our memories fading away? In a BBC interview, neuroscientist Charan Ranganath uses a hoarding analogy. We don't tend to store everything we've ever owned in our house. Similarly, we don't need to store all our memories either. He says, "If we didn't forget anything, we'd be hoarding memories, and you'd never be able to find what you want, when you want it." For example, you don't need to remember the hotel number weeks after you've left the hotel or memorise all the faces you pass on the street. We also need to be able to forget things in order to update our memories with new information. Imagine you get used to the same school timetable or work schedule for a whole year, but the next year, you have new procedures or routines. Your brain needs to be flexible and forget irrelevant details in order to handle the new information. Or, maybe it's been 10 years since you last saw a distant relative. It's likely their face has changed a lot since then, so that memory needs to be updated as well. And, if you've ever been convinced that you know a word, but it just doesn't pop into your head, you're not alone. This tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon may suggest that some things are not fully forgotten, just currently inaccessible. Those with a higher level of knowledge are more affected by this, according to studies such as 'Impact of knowledge and age on tip-of-the-tongue rates', because their brains have to sort through more information to find the word. Memories are sometimes compared to a cliff: once they have crumbled, they are lost and cannot be retrieved. However, in their article 'Forgetfulness: Why your mind going blank can be a benefit', Sanjay Sarma and Luke Yoquinto write that forgetting, it seems, is "less like a cliff slowly collapsing into the sea, and more like a house deep in the woods that becomes harder and harder to find". 词汇表 bump into [bʌmp] 碰见，撞见 come to (someone)（想法或念头）在头脑里冒出，突然想起 recall [rɪˈkɔːl] 回想起，记起 forgetful [fə(r)ˈɡetf(ə)l] 健忘的，记性差的 fade away [feɪd] 消退，渐渐消失 neuroscientist [ˌnjʊərəʊˈsaɪəntɪst] 神经科学家 hoard [hɔː(r)d] 囤积，贮藏 analogy [ə'nælədʒi] 类比，比拟 store [stɔː(r)] 保存，储存 memorise [ˈmeməraɪz] 记住，记忆 timetable ['taɪmteɪb(ə)l] 时间表，行程安排 work schedule [ˈʃedjuːl] 工作安排，工作进度表 routine [ˌruːˈtiːn] 常规，惯例，例行公事 flexible ['fleksəb(ə)l] 灵活的，弹性的 irrelevant [ɪ'reləvənt] 无关紧要的；不相关的 distant relative ['relətɪv] 远亲，远房亲戚 pop into one's head 突然想到，突然产生念头 tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon [fəˈnɒmɪnən] 舌尖现象（话到嘴边却想不起来的现象） inaccessible [ˌɪnəkˈsesəb(ə)l] 难以达到的，不可获取的 sort through 筛选，整理 cliff [klɪf] 悬崖，峭壁 crumble ['krʌmb(ə)l] 崩塌，瓦解，减弱 retrieve [rɪˈtriːv] 重新取回，找回 forgetfulness [fə'ɡetflnəs] 健忘，记性差 go blank （头脑）一片空白 collapse into the sea [kə'læps] 坍塌入海 wood [wʊd] 树林，森林；木材 📖 翻译、pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Trump blames diversity policies for US air crash What caused a passenger plane and a helicopter to collide in Washington on Wednesday night, killing all 67 people on board? It might seem way too soon to know. The investigation's likely to be long and painstaking, and yet one person is already pretty sure about what was behind it. Donald Trump has been outlining his theories, making sure first to say he'd been shaken by what happened. This was a dark and excruciating night in our nation's capital and in our nation's history, and a tragedy of terrible proportions. As one nation, we grieve for every precious soul that has been taken from us so suddenly. And we are a country of really, we are in mourning. But the US is also a country, Mr. Trump said, where mistakes have been made. He claimed his Democrat predecessors, Barack Obama and Joe Biden, had weakened safety measures. And he also blamed the encouragement of people from diverse backgrounds to apply for jobs they shouldn't have, something he claimed had happened at America's Federal Aviation Administration. The FAA's website states, they include hearing, vision, missing extremities, partial paralysis, complete paralysis, epilepsy, severe intellectual disability, psychiatric disability, and dwarfism. All qualify for the position of a controller of airplanes pouring into our country, pouring into a little spot, a little dot on the map. It wasn't exactly an explicit response, but after the President spoke, the chairwoman of the National Transportation Safety Board gave a news conference. Geneva Homendy emphasized that the accident required a thorough investigation to determine what had happened. We are all here because this is an all hands on deck event and we're here to assure the American people that we are going to leave no stone unturned in this investigation. We are going to conduct a thorough investigation of this entire tragedy, looking at the facts. 词汇表 passenger plane [ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)] 客机，载客飞机 helicopter [ˈhelɪˌkɒptə(r)] 直升机 collide [kə'laɪd]（尤指移动的物体）相撞，碰撞 on board [bɔː(r)d] 在飞机上，在火车上，在船上 painstaking [ˈpeɪnzˌteɪkɪŋ] 艰苦的，费力的，煞费苦心的 be behind it 是…的原因 outline [ˈaʊtlaɪn] 概述，略述；勾勒 excruciating [ɪkˈskruːʃiˌeɪtɪŋ] 极痛苦的，极坏的，糟糕透顶的 of terrible proportions [prəˈpɔː(r)ʃ(ə)nz] 极为严重的，惨重的 grieve for [ɡriːv] 哀悼，缅怀，为…悲痛 be in mourning [ˈmɔː(r)nɪŋ] 处于哀悼中，沉浸在悲痛之中 Democrat [ˈdeməkræt] 民主党人，民主主义者 predecessor [ˈpriːdɪˌsesə(r)] 前辈，前任；原有事物，前身 from diverse backgrounds [daɪˈvɜː(r)s] 多元背景的，来自不同背景的 Federal Aviation Administration ['fed(ə)rəl][ˌeɪviˈeɪʃ(ə)n] [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃ(ə)n] 联邦航空管理局(FAA) hearing, vision, missing extremities ['vɪʒ(ə)n][ɪkˈstremɪtiz] 听力（障碍），视力（障碍），肢体缺失 partial / complete paralysis [ˈpɑː(r)ʃ(ə)l][pə'ræləsɪs] 部分/完全瘫痪 epilepsy [ˈepɪˌlepsi] 癫痫，羊痫风 severe intellectual disability [sɪˈvɪə(r)] 严重智力障碍 psychiatric disability [ˌsaɪkiˈætrɪk][ˌdɪsəˈbɪləti] 精神残疾，精神障碍 dwarfism [ˈdwɔː(r)fˌɪz(ə)m] 侏儒症，矮小 controller [kənˈtrəʊlə(r)] 管制员，指挥员，管理者 pour into [pɔː(r)] 源源不断地涌入 explicit [ɪk'splɪsɪt] 明确的，清楚的 chairwoman [ˈtʃeə(r)ˌwʊmən] 女主席，女议长 National Transportation Safety Board 国家运输安全委员会(NTSB) news conference [ˈkɒnf(ə)rəns] 新闻发布会，记者招待会 all hands on deck [dek] 全体出动，全力以赴 leave no stone unturned [ˌʌn'tɜ:nd] 不遗余力，想尽办法 🌟翻译，pdf及更多文本内容见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可加入【打卡交流群】

Wall squats and planks best at lowering blood pressure If you've never planked, it involves holding the starting position for a push-up. A wall squat requires you to hold a sitting position with your back against a wall. Both are isometric exercises, focusing on static strength training. According to a review of trials involving nearly 16,000 people, this type of exercise is the best way to lower blood pressure although all exercise is beneficial. Instead of pushing up the heart rate like running, researchers say it increases tension in the muscles and then prompts a sudden rush of blood when the exercise is over. 词汇表 plank [plæŋk] 平板支撑；做平板支撑运动 starting position 开始姿势，起始位置 push-up 俯卧撑 wall squat [skwɒt] 靠墙静蹲 sitting position 坐姿 isometric [ˌaɪsəʊˈmetrɪk] 等长的，等距的 static ['stætɪk] 静态的，静止的 strength training 力量训练，体能训练 trial ['traɪəl] 试验，试用 lower blood pressure 降低血压 push up the heart rate 提高心率 tension ['tenʃ(ə)n] 张力，拉伸，绷紧度 rush of blood 血液上涌，血液涌动 🗒️翻译和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复1可加入【打卡交流群】

The Penguin Chick's Life-or-Death Test Seven Worlds, One Planet｜Antarctica It's autumn. The chicks have lost their down feathers and they're hungry. They must go to sea for the first time. But now there's a risk of being crushed between blocks of ice. They have to get to the distant icebergs, and so reach the open ocean that lies beyond. And that is easier said than done. A leopard seal, their main predator. It's a giant, three metres long. These icy conditions help it to hunt. The penguins can neither walk nor swim. They have no way of telling where the seal will strike. These are easy pickings. For some, it's time to retreat. But now, it's back to square one. There's no alternative but to run the gauntlet once again. The seal seems to be toying with this penguin. But safety is in sight. The ice floe is near the open ocean. But this penguin is exhausted. Perhaps it's not worth it, after all. 词汇表 chick [tʃɪk] 雏鸟，幼鸟，小鸡 down feather 绒毛，羽绒 be crushed between blocks of ice 被冰块夹击 lie beyond 在…之外，位于…远处的那一边 leopard seal [ˈlepə(r)d][siːl] 豹海豹（一种有着类似豹子斑点的灰色海豹，主要生活在南极水域） predator [ˈpredətə(r)] 捕食者，掠夺者，食肉动物 icy ['aɪsɪ] 冰冷的，结冰的 penguin ['peŋɡwɪn] 企鹅 strike [straɪk] 攻击，袭击，打 easy pickings ['pɪkɪŋz] 唾手可得的猎物，容易得手的事物 retreat [rɪˈtriːt] 撤退，退缩 square one 最初的阶段，起点 alternative [ɔːlˈtɜː(r)nətɪv] 选择，替代物 run the gauntlet [ˈɡɔːntlət] 冒险尝试，迎接考验 toy with 玩弄，摆弄 in sight 在视野范围内，在眼前 floe [fləʊ]（海上的）浮冰块 🌍 更多文本内容、视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Are we born to love learning? Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can't stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master's and a doctorate! If you're also passionate about studying, you might be a philomath – a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with 'phil' meaning 'a lover of' and 'math' meaning 'learning'. Humans are all philomaths to an extent – our brain is hardwired to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the juvenile characteristics of some animals, including humans, being retained into adulthood. One of these traits is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible – this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are genetically close to us, like primates, can't do this and only learn during their adolescence. But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can't stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. Why is this? Educational anthropologists have suggested that if a concept or idea is too complex or dull, it becomes harder to link old and new ideas together. If that's the case, we lose motivation and absorb less information. This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life. ­ So, don't let a bad educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Evolution has made us lifelong learners, so take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve? 词汇表 master's [ˈmɑːstə(r)z] 硕士学位 doctorate [ˈdɒkt(ə)rət] 博士学位 be passionate about ['pæʃ(ə)nət] 对…充满激情 philomath ['fɪləmæθ] 爱学习的人 to an extent [ɪk'stent] 在某种程度上 hardwired ['ha:dwaɪəd] 天生的，本能的 make sense of [ni:'ɒtɪnɪ] 理解，弄懂 neoteny [ni:'ɒtɪnɪ] 幼态持续 juvenile characteristics [ˈdʒuːvənaɪl][ˌkærɪktəˈrɪstɪks] 幼年特征，青少年特征 retain [rɪ'teɪn] 保留，保持 trait [treɪt] 特征，特性 neuroplasticity [ˌnjʊərəʊplæsˈtɪsəti] 神经可塑性 genetically close [dʒə'netɪklɪ] 基因相近的 primate [ˈpraɪmeɪt] 灵长类动物 adolescence [ˌædəˈlesəns] 青春期，青春 educational anthropologist [ˌænθrə'pɒlədʒɪst] 教育人类学家 complex [ˈkɒmpleks] 复杂的，难懂的 dull [dʌl] 枯燥的，沉闷的，无聊的 absorb [əbˈzɔː(r)b] 理解，掌握（信息） lifelong learners [ˈlaɪfˌlɒŋ] 终身学习者 take advantage of [ədˈvɑːntɪdʒ] 充分利用，利用 biology [baɪˈɒlədʒi] 生物学，生理 📖 翻译、pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

How to Make Better Decisions Someone once said that life is just one decision after another, and I agree. Some decisions are small, like what to wear but some are so big they'll affect us for decades to come, like choosing a career. When I'm facing a big decision, I make sure I do three things: free up my brain's bandwidth, give it the fuel it needs and get honest advice from a friend. By eliminating the small choices in life, you save the best of your brain's ability for the really important things. When he was in office, Barack Obama removed one decision from his daily life – what to wear. It was always a grey or blue suit and a white shirt because he knew the science behind decision-making and that by wearing a kind of uniform, he'd save bandwidth for the really important choices. Scientists studying the brain have seen that all decisions, big or small, consume the same amount of energy. A small decision takes the same amount of energy as a big one. So when you need to make really important decisions, like which university to apply to or which job offer to accept, be vigilant about not wasting energy on decisions that aren't going to make a massive difference to your life. Save your brain's bandwidth for things that really matter. Your brain needs fuel to think just as much as your body does to move. Thanks to advanced imaging, we can watch the brain working away more clearly than ever before. It's the most complex and energy-demanding organ we have. If you're very hungry, neurotransmitters can't be produced, which results in communication between the brain's 86 billion neurons breaking down, compromising your ability to think and make good decisions. So when you need to make an important decision, make sure you're not hungry. And I don't mean reach for the biscuit tin. Research shows that drinking plenty of water and having a slow-release carbohydrate breakfast like porridge will help you think clearly. Omega-3 is also a brilliant brain food. You can find it in oily fish and pumpkin and sunflower seeds. It doesn't mean you can't treat yourself but do try to give your brain this kind of fuel, too. The final step is to stop the fear of loss dominating your decision-making. Nobel laureate Daniel Kahneman spent a decade studying human decision-making and found that in big decisions, we're generally more afraid of loss than we are motivated by gain. According to his research, this means we often pick the safest option rather than the one that will have the most positive impact on our lives. Kahneman's got a great tip for getting over this fear of loss: Ask the advice of a friend who's not afraid to drop some truth bombs even if it means your feelings get a bit roughed-up. An objective friend can help you identify the best decision because they're not weighed down by the fear of what could be lost. In the end, the decision is always yours, but it helps to seek this kind of advice. So the next time you're facing a big decision, free your brain from small decisions, give it really good fuel, and seek out a friend who cares more about your future than your feelings. 词汇表 free up 释放、腾出（空间或时间） bandwidth ['bændwɪdθ] 精力，注意力的容量；带宽 fuel [ˈfjuːəl] 能量，（提供能量的）食物 eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪˌneɪt] 消除，消灭，清除 suit [suːt] 套装，西装 uniform [ˈjuːnɪfɔː(r)m] 制服，校服 consume energy [kənˈsjuːm] 消耗能量 job offer 工作邀请，工作机会 vigilant ['vɪdʒɪlənt] 警觉的，警惕的 make a massive difference ['mæsɪv] 产生巨大的影响 advanced imaging [ədˈvɑːnst] 先进的成像技术（指高级的医学影像技术，如磁共振成像MRI） work away 持续工作或努力 complex [ˈkɒmpleks] 复杂的，难懂的，费解的 energy-demanding [dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ] 高耗能的 neurotransmitter ['njʊərəʊtrænzmɪtə(r)] 神经递质 neuron [ˈnjʊərɒn] 神经元，神经细胞 compromise [ˈkɒmprəmaɪz] 损害，伤害；妥协 biscuit tin [ˈbɪskɪt ˌtɪn] 饼干罐，饼干盒 slow-release carbohydrate [ˌkɑː(r)bəʊˈhaɪdreɪt] 缓释碳水化合物（在消化过程中缓慢分解并持续释放能量，如全谷物和豆类） porridge [ˈpɒrɪdʒ] 燕麦粥，麦片粥 Omega-3 [ˌəʊmɪgə 'θri:] 奥米加三脂肪酸（鱼油中多含，据信有利于人体健康） brain food 健脑食物，健脑食品 oily fish ['ɔɪli] 富含油脂的鱼 pumpkin and sunflower seeds [ˈpʌmpkɪn] 南瓜籽和葵花籽 treat oneself [triːt] 善待自己，犒劳自己 fear of loss [lɒs] 对损失的恐惧 dominate [ˈdɒmɪneɪt] 控制，支配，影响 Nobel laureate [nəʊˈbel][ˈlɔːriət] 诺贝尔奖获得者 drop truth bombs [bɒmz] 直击真相，揭露真相 roughed-up [ˈrʌft ʌp] 被粗暴对待的，被打伤的 objective [əb'dʒektɪv] 客观的，不带个人感情的 be weighed down [weɪd] 受困扰，被拖累，被压垮 seek out 找出，寻找 💡 翻译、视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Which country has the best schools? Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Phil. And I'm Beth. So, Beth, we're talking about the best education systems in the world today. You went to school here in Britain. What do you think of the British education system? Do you think it could be the best? --I think that it's quite good, there's probably a couple of things that I personally would change about it, but I would say it's quite good, but maybe not the best in the world. --Well, in this programme, we're going to be talking about the PISA rankings. The rankings are based on tests carried out by the OECD, that's an international organisation, every three years. The tests attempt to show which countries are the most effective at teaching maths, science and reading. But is that really possible to measure? Well, here is former BBC education correspondent Sean Coughlan talking to BBC World Service programme 'The Global Story'. When they were introduced first of all, that was a very contentious idea, because people said 'how can you possibly compare big countries… how can you compare America to Luxembourg or to, you know, or to parts of China, or whatever?' Sean said that the tests were contentious. If something is contentious, then it is something that people might argue about – it's controversial. So, at first, Pisa tests were contentious because not everyone believed it was fair to compare very different countries. Phil, I've got a question for you about them. So, in 2022, Singapore was top of the reading rankings. But which of these countries came second? Was it: a) The USA? b) Ireland? or, c) The UK? --I think it might be b) Ireland. --OK. Well, we will find out if that's correct at the end of the programme. A common pattern in the Pisa rankings is that the most successful countries tend to be smaller. Talking to BBC World Service programme 'The Global Story', Sean Coughlan tells us that many large countries from Western Europe don't score that highly in the rankings. They're being outpaced and outperformed by these fast, upcoming countries – you know, Singapore, or Estonia, or those sort of places which we don't historically think of as being economic rivals, but I suppose the argument for Pisa tests is, if you want to have a knowledge economy, an economy based on skills, this is how you measure it. We heard that many large European countries are being outpaced by smaller nations. If someone outpaces you, they are going faster than you – at a higher pace. We use the prefix 'out-' to say that someone or something is better at doing something. We also heard that smaller nations are 'outperforming' larger ones – they are performing better. Singapore, Estonia are described as economic rivals to large European nations – that means that they are competing with them, economically. We also heard about a knowledge economy. This is an economy based on service industries that require workers to be highly educated, such as IT, finance or advanced engineering. So, what makes countries perform better in these tests? Let's hear again from BBC World Service programme, 'The Global Story'. Sean Coughlan tells us that those countries that prioritise getting everyone to a certain level do well. We also hear from Rando Kuustik, an Estonian school principal. Countries which make sure that all their pupils get through a certain level of education to a certain standard, regardless of their background, do well. If you are teaching them by different level or abilities, then you are segregating them and we don't want to segregate any people in the world, why we are doing that in the schools? This one of the main things why Estonia is successful. Sean said the most successful systems educate everyone to a particular standard, regardless of their background. If one thing happens regardless of something else, it means that the something else is not important, or not a problem. Rando Kuustik said that Estonian schools do not want to segregate students. Segregate means to separate and keep apart. So, we've just heard about Estonia, but what about your question, Beth? What about those countries? --I asked you which out of the USA, Ireland, and the UK came second for reading in the 2022 Pisa rankings. You said Ireland, and that was the correct answer. Well done! OK, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned in this programme about education rankings, starting with contentious - argued about or controversial. If you're outpaced by someone, they're going faster than you are. Rivals are competitors. A knowledge economy is one based on industries that need highly educated workers, such as IT, finance or advanced engineering. If something happens regardless of a second thing, the second thing has no impact on it happening. And finally, if people are segregated, different groups of people are separated and kept apart. 📝 翻译及pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复1可加入【打卡交流群】

Trump's return to the White House The rest of the world has been reacting to President Trump's return to the White House and a slew of decisions already changing the relationship of the US with other countries and global institutions. The World Health Organization has asked Mr Trump to reconsider his plan to pull the US out and there's widespread concern over the exit of America from the Paris Climate Agreement. We'll have more on that shortly. At home, there's been condemnation of his decision to pardon those convicted of the January 6th attack on the US capital back in 2021. The US Capitol Police Chief has questioned what message it sends to police officers. But Mr Trump made his views clear in the first hours of his presidency. And you know, tonight, I'm going to be signing on the J6 hostages, pardons to get them out. And as soon as I leave, I'm going to the Oval Office and we'll be signing pardons for a lot of people, a lot of people. 词汇表 a slew of [sluː] 许多，大量的，一系列 global institution [ˌɪnstɪˈtjuːʃ(ə)n] 全球性机构（如联合国、世卫组织等） World Health Organization 世界卫生组织(WHO) pull out 撤退，退出 exit ['eksɪt] 退出，离去 Paris Climate Agreement 巴黎气候协定 condemnation [ˌkɒndemˈneɪʃ(ə)n] 谴责，指责 pardon [ˈpɑː(r)d(ə)n] 赦免；宽恕，原谅 be convicted of [kənˈvɪktɪd] 被判定有罪，被定罪 the January 6th attack 指2021年1月6日特朗普支持者冲击美国国会大厦，试图阻止认证2020年大选结果的暴力事件 US capital ['kæpɪt(ə)l] 美国国会大厦 Police Chief 警察局长 presidency ['prezɪdənsi] 总统职位，总统任期 hostage [ˈhɒstɪdʒ] 人质，抵押品 Oval Office [ˈəʊv(ə)l] 椭圆形办公室，美国总统办公室 🌟翻译，pdf及更多文本内容见公众号【琐简英语】

Antarctic Krill: A Summer Feast for Humpbacks Seven Worlds, One Planet·Antarctica Life in the Antarctic is harsh indeed. But all these creatures come here because the Southern Ocean is one of the richest on Earth. When, 30 million years ago, the continent broke away from South America and drifted south, currents began to swirl right around it. They are now the strongest of any currents on the planet. They sweep up nutrients from the depths, and so create one of the richest feeding grounds in all the world's oceans. And some of the creatures that come here to feast do so in a most sophisticated way. Humpback whales. It's summer, and they've come here for a banquet. The cold waters contain great shoals of krill. It's estimated that there are 400 trillion of them and that their combined weight is greater than that of any other animal species on the planet. To collect them, the humpbacks blow curtains of bubbles, which the krill won't cross. The whales then rise, spiralling inwards, to concentrate the swarm. Summer in Antarctica is a time of plenty, when most humpbacks are able to put on the reserves they need for the whole year. But the wildlife in these waters faces an uncertain future. The Southern Ocean is warming. 90% of the world's ice lies in Antarctica and, in some parts, the rate at which it's melting is doubling every decade. Sea levels are rising. 词汇表 antarctic [æn'tɑ:ktɪk] 南极地区；南极的 Antarctica [æn'tɑ:ktɪkə] 南极洲 harsh [hɑː(r)ʃ] 严酷的，恶劣的，艰苦的 Southern Ocean 南大洋，南冰洋（围绕南极洲的海洋） continent [ˈkɒntɪnənt] 洲，大洲，大陆 break away from 分离，脱离，离开 drift [drɪft] 漂移，漂流，飘 current ['kʌrənt] 洋流，水流；电流，气流 swirl [swɜː(r)l] 旋转，打旋，转圈 sweep up nutrients [swiːp][ˈnjuːtriənts] 汲取营养，吸收养分 feeding grounds [ˈfiːdɪŋ] 觅食地 feast [fiːst] 尽情享用（美味佳肴）；盛宴；宴会 sophisticated [səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd] 复杂的，精密的，高级的 humpback (whale) ['hʌmpbæk][weɪl] 座头鲸 banquet ['bæŋkwɪt] 宴会，筵席，盛宴 shoals of krill [ʃəʊls][krɪl] 磷虾群，大量的磷虾 combined weight [kəm'baɪnd] 总重量 blow curtains of bubbles 吹出气泡幕（鲸鱼捕食磷虾的策略，又称气泡网捕食） spiral ['spaɪrəl] 螺旋式上升（下降），盘旋上升（下降） inwards [ˈɪnwə(r)dz] 向内地，向中心地 concentrate swarm [swɔː(r)m] 聚集群体，集中群体 a time of plenty 富足的时节，丰收的季节 put on the reserves [rɪˈzɜː(r)vz] 增加储备，补足储备 🌍 更多文本内容、视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Don't feel guilty about guilty pleasures You might have heard of the expression 'a guilty pleasure' – maybe it's the chocolate bar you buy on the way home from work, or the new clothes that you don't really need. It comes from the idea that when we treat ourselves, it can sometimes leave us feeling guilty. Perhaps we don't feel we deserved it, or we don't think it was a responsible way to spend our money. But should we feel like this? Do we really have to feel guilty about treating ourselves? Perhaps not. Psychologists have suggested that buying things for yourself can make you feel better as it provides an opportunity to take control of your situation. It can give you social contact as well as a confidence boost from changes you make to your self-image. It may be that as well as lifting your mood, when you buy a treat, you might just be looking after yourself. Of course, there are also examples of people turning to destructive behaviour when faced with stressful circumstances. People might spend money that they don't have or turn to dangerous addictions. Psychologist Leon Seltzer considers the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurturing. Self-indulgence can be reckless and have negative consequences, while self-nurturing is taking responsible decisions to satisfy our needs and take care of ourselves in ways that don't have a significant impact. One stress that people may need to deal with is exam stress. Many universities publish guides with advice for coping with exam stress. Reflecting the difference between self-indulgence and self-nurture, they recommend rewarding yourself for your efforts, doing things that you enjoy and are good at so that you can feel accomplishment and to avoid things that may make you feel worse afterwards. So perhaps, as long as we make responsible decisions, we shouldn't feel guilty about our guilty pleasures. 词汇表 guilty pleasure 罪恶的快乐，让人有负罪感的乐事 guilty ['ɡɪlti] 内疚的，有罪的，自责的 treat oneself [triːt] 善待自己，犒劳自己 deserve [dɪˈzɜː(r)v] 值得，应得，配得上 responsible [rɪˈspɒnsəb(ə)l] 负责任的 take control of 控制，掌控 social contact [ˈkɒntækt] 社会联系，社交 confidence boost [buːst] 增强自信，提升自信心 self-image 自我形象 lift your mood [muːd] 振作你的精神，让你心情愉快 destructive behaviour [dɪ'strʌktɪv] 自毁行为，破坏性行为 addiction [ə'dɪkʃ(ə)n] 成瘾，上瘾 self-indulgence [ɪnˈdʌldʒəns]自我放纵，自我纵容 self-nurturing [ˈnɜː(r)tʃə(r)] 自我呵护，自我照顾 reckless ['rekləs] 鲁莽的，轻率的，不顾后果的 cope with [kəʊp] 应对，处理 reward [rɪˈwɔː(r)d] 奖励，奖赏 accomplishment [ə'kʌmplɪʃmənt] 成就，成绩 📖 翻译、pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

International 国际 Gen ZZZ 睡眠中的Z世代 Straighter Edge 更自律 Youthful excess continues to decline 年轻人的放纵行为持续减少 In september the Night Time Industries Association, a British trade group, issued a sobering press release. Since 2020, it revealed, 37% of Britain's nightclubs had closed. Many shut during the pandemic and never reopened, but closures continue. If clubs do not stop closing, the ntia predicted, by the end of the decade there will be almost nowhere left for Britons to get drunk, belt out "Mr Brightside" and then vomit in a gutter on the walk home at 2am. Higher labour costs, tighter planning laws and more noise complaints are probably all playing their roles. But a key explanation is that their chief audience, the reckless young, are staying at home. Between 2011 and 2021, the proportion of British 16- to 24-year-olds who had not consumed one alcoholic drink in the past year doubled, from 19% to 38%. Another survey, of children aged between 11 and 15, found that, in 2021, 60% had never even tried a drink (two decades before, the figure was 39%). No wonder nightclubs are struggling. The trend towards youthful sobriety holds true for much of the rich world. In 2024 illicit drug use among adolescents dropped to historical lows in America, according to a nationwide survey published on December 17th by the University of Michigan. Drinking fell, too. The researchers found that even cannabis use is now declining fast among the young, despite weed having been made legal in almost half of states over the past decade. European surveys show continuing drops in drug and alcohol use too. Why is youthful excess dying out? There is no single explanation. Children are more closely watched than in the past, and a higher share of young adults are from more abstemious immigrant cultures. Age id checks at bars are more common; Netflix and Fortnite are cheaper than cider; and dating apps are better than finding love on the sticky floors of a place called "Snobs". The trend is clear and seems likely to last. It's their parents who are the problem now. 词汇表 straight edge [streɪt] 自律、健康、避免过度放纵的生活方式 youthful excess [ˈekses] 年轻人的放纵行为 sobering [ˈsəʊbərɪŋ] 令人警醒的；使人冷静的 nightclub [ˈnaɪtˌklʌb] 夜店，夜总会 closure [ˈkləʊʒə(r)]（永久的）关闭，倒闭 belt out [belt] 引吭高歌，大声唱 vomit [ˈvɒmɪt] 呕吐，吐出 gutter [ˈɡʌtə(r)]（路边的）排水沟；贫民区 reckless ['rekləs] 鲁莽的，肆无忌惮的 alcoholic drink [ˌælkəˈhɒlɪk] 酒精饮料 sobriety [səʊˈbraɪəti] 节制，清醒，未醉 hold true 保持有效，仍是真的，适用 illicit drug use [ɪˈlɪsɪt] 非法吸毒行为，违禁药物使用 cannabis ['kænəbɪs] 大麻，大麻制品 weed [wiːd] 大麻，大麻制品；烟草 die out 逐渐消失，灭绝 abstemious [əbˈstiːmiəs]（对美食或饮酒）节制的，戒绝的 immigrant ['ɪmɪɡrənt] 移民的；移民 Age id check 年龄身份检查（用于购买酒精、烟草或进入限制年龄的场所时） cider [ˈsaɪdə(r)] 苹果酒，苹果汁 sticky ['stɪki] 粘糊糊的 snob [snɒb] 势利的人，爱虚荣的人 🔆翻译、pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

TikTok refugees flock to RedNote as ban looms The company behind TikTok is trying to reassure its US staff that they will still be paid next week even if the Supreme Court in Washington upholds a new Biden administration law which says that the app's American business must be sold off or closed down by Sunday. The Supreme Court is expected to make its ruling later on Wednesday. Asia Business reporter Mariko Oy has more. We keep talking about TikTok users in America, some 170 million of them. But ByteDance, the Chinese parent company of TikTok, it also employs some 7,000 staff in the United States. And there were reports about how they have been voicing concerns about job security. And in an internal memo that has been reviewed by Reuters, it said that the company said told those employees that their jobs are safe regardless of what the Supreme Court decides and that their office will remain open. As we've been reporting about it, a new legislation put a deadline on 19 January, which is this coming Sunday, to either sell the app or face a ban in the United States. Now it is important to emphasize that Even if the Supreme Court does not block the bill, new TikTok downloads won't be allowed, but existing users can continue using it for some time, though eventually the services would degrade, and therefore the users may decide to leave anyway. Now, as I said, there are more than 170 million users of TikTok in the United States. And interestingly, some of them have actually been moving to other Chinese apps like RedNote, which is apparently a combination of TikTok and Instagram. And they're calling themselves TikTok refugees. And even though there are some security concerns, some American users are still choosing to accept the terms and conditions of using RedNote, which are written in Chinese. So even if TikTok manages to dodge that ban, it may actually prove helpless against users moving to other platforms. 词汇表 reassure [ˌriːəˈʃʊə(r)] 使安心，使消除疑虑，再保证 Supreme Court [suːˌpriːm ˈkɔːt]（美国）最高法院 uphold [ʌpˈhəʊld] 支持，维持，批准 administration [ədˌmɪnɪˈstreɪʃ(ə)n]（某一任期的）政府，政府人员 make a ruling [ˈruːlɪŋ] 作出判决 parent company 总公司，母公司 voice concerns [kənˈsɜː(r)n] 表示担忧；表达关切 internal memo [ɪnˈtɜː(r)n(ə)l] [ˈmeməʊ] 内部备忘录（公司内部沟通和记录重要信息的文件） legislation [ˌledʒɪˈsleɪʃ(ə)n] 立法，法律，法规 block the bill 阻止法案通过 degrade [dɪ'ɡreɪd] 降级，退化 refugee [ˌrefjʊˈdʒiː] 难民，避难者，逃亡者 terms and conditions 条款和条件（对商品或服务使用的限制规定） dodge [dɒdʒ] 避开，躲开，逃避 🌟翻译，pdf及更多文本内容见公众号【琐简】