英音听力｜BBC & 经济学人等 - 节目列表

Business Bartleby 商业版块 巴托比专栏 Anger and management 愤怒与管理 The pros and cons of losing your temper at work. 职场发火的利弊 Awareness days are meant to remind people of important causes and desirable behaviour. Among other things, February sees the International Day of Human Fraternity, World Day of Social Justice and—everyone’s favourite until it became a bit too commercialised—World Pulses Day. International Day of Happiness falls in March; you have to wait until November for World Kindness Day. 宣传日是为了提醒人们记得重要的事业和理想的行为。2月里有很多这样的日子，比如国际人类博爱日、世界社会公正日，以及大家原本最喜欢的世界豆类日——可惜它已经有点过于商业化了。国际幸福日在3月；世界友善日则要等到11月。 Anger is far too objectionable to be celebrated with a special day of its own. There is an anger-awareness week in Britain, but the emphasis is on controlling tempers, not giving in to them. Yet in the workplace, as elsewhere, anger is more ambiguous than it seems. 发脾气实在令人不快，不配拥有一个专属节日。英国有“愤怒情绪意识周”，但强调的是控制脾气，而不是乱发脾气。然而在职场上，就和在其他地方一样，发脾气并不是表面看起来那么简单。 Its destructive side is obvious. Furious people are not much fun to work with, and less fun to work for. A short-fused boss is likely to instil fear among employees and to discourage people from speaking up. Anger can also engender poor performance. Anyone who has ever been riled by a rude email or uncivil colleagues knows how in such circumstances suddenly nothing else matters. Every spare bit of cognitive power is redirected to thinking of devastating put-downs from which the offender will never recover; other tasks can wait. In one paper on the effects of rudeness on medical professionals, Arieh Riskin of Bnai Zion Medical Centre in Haifa and his co-authors describe a training exercise in which teams of Israeli physicians and nurses treated a mannequin of a baby. The teams were joined by someone billed as a visiting expert from America, who offered studiously neutral comments to some groups and made unprompted and disparaging remarks about the quality of medical care in Israel to others. The teams that had suffered rudeness performed significantly worse. Being angry all the time is bad news for individuals and organisations alike. But so is being tremendously satisfied by everything all the time. Jeffrey Pfeffer, a professor at Stanford University who teaches a course on how to acquire power, reckons that displaying anger is an important skill for those who want to rise up the corporate ladder. It is associated with decisiveness and competence (though angry women are more likely to evoke negative emotions among other people than angry men do). Doctors who get angry if they are challenged about their medical advice are not judged to be less competent; if they show shame, patients take a dimmer view. Anger can have a galvanising effect in specific circumstances. A study by Barry Staw of the University of California, Berkeley, and his co-authors analysed half-time team talks by college and high-school basketball coaches in America, and found that expressions of negative emotions such as anger and disappointment were associated with better second-half outcomes—up to a point. When coaches reached the bulging-eyeballs stage, rage started to have the opposite effect. There are similar nuances in negotiations. A paper by Hajo Adam of Rice University and Jeanne Brett of Northwestern University found that as people got more upset, they were more likely to extract concessions. But being too angry was seen as inappropriate. And although displays of anger can work in one-off negotiations, they also invite retaliation in subsequent interactions. Anger has different effects on different types of people. Agreeableness is one of the “Big Five” personality traits recognised by most psychologists. Agreeable sorts value co-operation and courtesy; disagreeable ones are more cynical and more comfortable with conflict. In an experiment by Gerben Van Kleef of the University of Amsterdam and his co-authors, teams comprised of agreeable and disagreeable people were given feedback on their performance by an actor. The words were the same each time, but in some instances the actor looked and sounded happy and in others they looked and sounded angry. An angry evaluation spurred the more disagreeable teams to do better than a happy (or poker-faced) one; the reverse applied to the more agreeable teams. By now the problem should be obvious. Anger involves a loss of control. But to be effective in the workplace, it needs to be carefully modulated. That means volcanic people need to find ways to rein themselves in before they spew invective everywhere. It also means that equable people need to learn to let fly occasionally. If there is room in the calendar for International Jazz Day, then there is certainly a case for World Calibrated Displays of Anger Day. 🌟 字数限制，完整翻译和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

From the Sky News Center at 5. Six teenagers have been arrested on suspicion of attempted murder after a 13-year-old girl was found suffering from stab wounds in East Yorkshire early yesterday. The victim was discovered next to the age 63 in Hessel. Four boys and two girls aged between 14 and 17 remain in custody. Weather warnings are in place across eastern Spain for heavy rain just days after a flash flood killed more than 200 people. The cleanup operation in the Valencia region continues after homes, businesses and roads were destroyed. Diego Aparición is from an emergency committee. The main priority is to find missing people and to access to the most isolated areas. Now it's needed to clean the street, infrastructure, to access to the quarter that has been blocked. Weather warnings cover the Balearic Islands, Barcelona and Valencia. The new leader of the Conservative Party will be announced later this morning, after Rishi Sunak stood down following the general election defeat. Robert Jemrik and Kenny Badenoch are the final two left standing, after several rounds of voting by MPs and party members. Israel's military claims it has killed senior Hamas official Izz al Din Kassab in Gaza. It says he was one of the militant group's last high-ranking chiefs there. In Lebanon, Israel has been bombing southern Beirut for the first time in four days. The IDF says it was hitting a weapons factory and a Hezbollah command centre. Hachem Fadala is an excavator driver there. The area here was hit by nine heavy airstrikes around 2: 30 or 3 o'clock. There were about nine heavy strikes, but praise be to God, we are on the ground. Consumer watchdog Which says Aldi was the cheapest supermarket last month, with an average shop coming in at just under £112. Waitrose was the most expensive at just over £142. And sacked Manchester United manager Eric Ten Haag says he'll cherish his achievements at Old Trafford for the rest of his life. Ruben Amorim has been confirmed as his permanent replacement. That's the la 翻译和更多英语听力见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”可加入【打卡交流群】

Why we've stopped answering the phone Suddenly a sound rings out, stopping you in your tracks. Panicking, you search for where it could be coming from. It's your phone, and if you're like a quarter of 18 to 34-year-olds in a recent British study, you probably won't answer it. The same study found that 70% of people in this age group prefer text messages to phone calls. Why do so many people hate phone calls? 突然间，一个声音响起，让你停下了脚步。你惊慌失措地寻找声音的来源。原来是你的手机，如果你和最近一项英国研究中18至34岁人群中的四分之一一样，你可能不会接听。同样的研究发现，这个年龄段的70%的人更喜欢发短信而不是打电话。为什么这么多人讨厌打电话呢？ While previous generations grew up using landlines to talk to their friends, smartphone-equipped younger people have grown up accustomed to using text messages, group chats and voice notes for social conversations. What these media have in common is that they are asynchronous – they don't need to happen in real time. When you can craft a reply free of interruption, you have greater control over your contributions to a conversation. It also means that you can reply when it's best for you. Synchronous communication, like phone calls or face-to-face conversations, can lead people to feel a loss of control and the corresponding anxiety. Coupled to this is that fact that many young people report associating phone calls, particularly those without prior warning, with bad news. 当老一辈人还习惯于使用固定电话与朋友交流时，拥有智能手机的年轻人已经习惯了通过短信、群聊和语音消息来进行社交对话。这些交流方式的共同点在于它们都是异步的——不需要实时进行。当你可以在不受打扰的情况下构思回复时，你就能更好地控制对话中的发言。这也意味着你可以在最适合你的时候回复。而电话通话或面对面交谈这样的同步沟通方式，可能会让人们感到失去了控制，从而产生相应的焦虑。此外，许多年轻人报告说，他们将电话通话，尤其是那些没有事先预警的通话，与坏消息联系在一起。 This means that new social codes are being established. Many people will now text someone to see if they're available to take a phone call. If someone doesn't feel able to sum something up in a few short messages, they might leave a long voice note. Could it be that not wanting to intrude on someone with a sudden phone call is just a question of good manners and respecting someone's boundaries? 这意味着新的社交准则正在建立。许多人现在会先发短信询问对方是否方便接电话。如果有人觉得不能用几条简短的消息概括某事，他们可能会留下一条长语音留言。不想突然打电话打扰别人，会不会只是一个礼貌和尊重他人界限的问题呢？ Maybe, but this doesn't mean that anxiety around communication has been eliminated. Texting may be asynchronous, but many people report tensions from being 'left on read' – when you know someone has read your message, but they don't, or won't, reply. Many would agree with British writer Daisy Buchanan, who reminds us how picking up the phone to talk to someone can be far more effective at relieving tension than a series of awkward messages. So, are these new social codes better at respecting boundaries, or are they just creating a whole new set of potential anxieties? 也许吧，但这并不意味着沟通焦虑已经消除。短信可能是异步的，但许多人都报告说，“待读”——当你知道有人读了你的信息，但他们没有或不愿回复——会让人感到紧张。很多人都同意英国作家黛西·布坎南的观点，她提醒我们，拿起电话与人交谈远比一连串尴尬的信息更能缓解紧张。那么，这些新的社交准则是更好地尊重了界限，还是在制造一套全新的潜在焦虑呢？ 词汇表 ring out 突然响起，响亮地发出 stop you in your track 让你停下了脚步（立即停止你正在做的事情，经常是因为你感到惊讶） panicking ['pænɪkɪŋ] 惊慌失措的，恐慌的 text message 文字消息，短信 phone calls 打电话，通电话 landline [ˈlæn(d)ˌlaɪn] 固定电话，座机 smartphone-equipped [ɪ'kwɪpt] 拥有智能手机的 be accustomed to [ə'kʌstəmd] 习惯于，适应于 group chat 群聊 voice note 语音留言，语音消息 asynchronous [eɪ'sɪŋkrənəs] 非即时的，异步的 in real time 实时地，及时的 craft a reply [krɑːft] 构思回复 interruption [ˌɪntəˈrʌpʃən] 打断，干扰 synchronous ['sɪŋkrənəs] 即时的，同步的 face-to-face conversation 面对面的交谈 corresponding [ˌkɒrɪˈspɒndɪŋ] 相应的，相关的 be coupled to 加上，结合 prior warning [ˈpraɪə(r)] 预先警告 social code 社交规则 text 给…发短信 available [ə'veɪləb(ə)l] 有空的，可取得联系的 sum up [sʌm] 总结，概括 intrude on [ɪnˈtruːd] 打扰，侵犯 respect boundaries 尊重他人的界限 eliminate [ɪˈlɪmɪˌneɪt] 消除，消灭，根除 left on read 已读不回，发出的消息显示已读但没有收到回复 pick up the phone 接听电话 relieve tension [rɪˈliːv] 缓解紧张 a whole new set of 一套全新的 🌟 更多英语听力和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Why Do We Keep Repeating the Same Mistakes? One of the strangest and most tantalising ideas in psychotherapy is that of the 'repetition compulsion.' This tells us that, as a result of certain traumas that have not been properly understood and unpicked, we will be inclined to keep putting ourselves back into, and in effect, repeating, difficult situations from the past that run counter to our emotional needs in the present. 心理治疗中最为奇怪和引人入胜的概念之一是“重复强迫”。这告诉我们，由于某些未能得到适当理解和解开的创伤，我们倾向于不断让自己回到（实际上是在重复）过去那些与现在情感需求相悖的困境之中。 So, for example, we may be tempted to keep falling in love with people who make us suffer by being distant or cold, muddled or chaotic. Or we might constantly wind up in jobs where we try to please a tricky boss, but then we're rejected by them and eventually dismissed. 因此，举例来说，我们可能会禁不住反复爱上那些因疏远或冷漠、混乱或无序而让我们痛苦的人。又或者，或者，我们可能会不断落入这样的工作：我们试图取悦刁钻的上司，但却遭到他们的拒绝，最终被解雇。 But there's a nuance here. We are not generally simply hunting out an awful situation and then attempting to repeat the whole of it. What we are doing is trying to find a story familiar enough for us to be drawn to it, and then what we are attempting to do is to give it a different ending. 但这里有一个细微的差别。一般来说，我们并不是简单地寻找一个可怕的情境，然后试图重复它的全部。我们要做的是找到一个熟悉到足以吸引我们的故事，然后我们要做的是给它一个不同的结局。 So, for example, we might want to find someone who is as distant as our mother. But this time, we want to take her to therapy; we want to have long dialogues with her, help her to see her wounds and act as her protector and her guide. Or we want to find the same sort of angry man as our father was, but this time, rather than cowering under the sofa, we want a chance to be able to get to the root of their rage, to appease it and then ensure that they would treat us well. 因此，举例来说，我们可能想找一个和母亲一样疏远的人。但这一次，我们想带她去接受治疗；我们想与她进行长时间的对话，帮助她看清自己的伤口，充当她的保护者和向导。或者，我们想找一个和父亲一样的愤怒的人，但这一次，我们不想再蜷缩在沙发下，而是希望有机会能够找到他们愤怒的根源，安抚他们的愤怒，然后确保他们会善待我们。 We are seeking, in adulthood, for a second chance to rectify a traumatic dynamic that our unavoidable childhood weaknesses meant that we were never originally able to fix. What does it mean to give a story a better ending? It means bringing all the resources of adulthood to bear on the difficulties of an emotionally compromised childhood. 我们在成年后寻求第二次机会，去矫正童年时期因不可避免的弱点而起初无法修复的创伤性关系。给故事一个更好的结局意味着什么？这意味着运用成年期的所有资源去应对情感受损的童年所面临的困难。 This idea of story completion lends us a more hopeful angle to the concept of repeating the past. We aren't merely driven by an urge to suffer; we're being motivated by something much more creative: a desire to identify something in the here and now that is a bit broken like it used to be – and then we have a wish to repair it with our adult strengths in the hope of being able to move on and finally find freedom. 这种故事圆满的想法给我们提供了一个更有希望的视角来看待重复过去的概念。我们不仅仅是被一种受苦的冲动所驱使，我们还被一种更有创造力的东西所激励：我们渴望在此时此地发现一些像过去一样有点残缺的东西——然后我们希望用我们成人的力量来修复它，希望能够继续前进，最终找到自由。 词汇表 tantalising [ˈtæntəˌlaɪzɪŋ] 引人入胜的；诱人的 psychotherapy [ˌsaɪkəʊˈθerəpi] 心理治疗，精神治疗 repetition compulsion [ˌrepəˈtɪʃ(ə)n][kəm'pʌlʃ(ə)n] 重复强迫，强迫性复现症（指个体无意识中重复过去的创伤性事件或行为，通常忽视负面后果 ） trauma [ˈtrɔːmə]（精神的）创伤，痛苦经历 unpick [ʌn'pɪk] 解开，深入剖析；拆掉（缝线） be inclined to [ɪn'klaɪnd] 倾向于；想要 run counter to [ˈkaʊntə(r)] 违反，与…背道而驰 distant 疏远的，冷淡的 muddled ['mʌd(ə)ld] 混乱的；糊涂的 chaotic [keɪˈɒtɪk] 混乱的，无秩序的 wind up [waɪnd]（使自己）陷入，落得 tricky boss ['trɪki] 难以取悦或难以对付的上司 reject [ˈriːdʒekt] 拒绝，排斥，拒收 dismiss [dɪs'mɪs] 解雇，开除，驳回 hunt out 搜寻，找出 attempt to [ə'tempt] 试图，尝试做 be drawn to [drɔːn] 被吸引 cower under the sofa [ˈkaʊə(r)] 蜷缩在沙发下 rage [reɪdʒ] 愤怒，狂怒，狂暴 appease [əˈpiːz] 安抚，平息，缓和 rectify a traumatic dynamic [ˈrektɪfaɪ][trɔːˈmætɪk][daɪ'næmɪk] 矫正创伤性关系 unavoidable weakness [ˌʌnəˈvɔɪdəb(ə)l][ˈwiːknəs]不可避免的弱点 emotionally compromised [ˈkɒmprəmaɪzd] 情感受损的 story completion [kəmˈpliːʃ(ə)n] 故事的圆满 lend an angle 提供一个视角 repair [rɪˈpeə(r)] 修复，弥补（关系） 🌟视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进入【打卡交流群】

Divorce: Why does it happen? In the words of a famous 1960s pop song, 'breaking up is hard to do'. Divorce, when a married couple who no longer want to be together separate, can be one of life's toughest experiences. During the 1990s, divorce rates in Europe and America were the highest in the world, with almost half of all marriages ending in divorce. But since then, the trend has reversed and divorce rates in the West have slowed. Meanwhile, however, the number of couples divorcing in other parts of the world is on the rise. In this programme we'll be hearing how divorce is talked about in different countries. And, as usual, we'll be learning some useful new vocabulary. But first, I have a question for you, Georgie. In Britain, one day of the year in particular is known by divorce lawyers and relationship counsellors as 'Divorce Day', but which day is it? a) Christmas Day? b) the first Monday of the new year? or, c) Midsummer's Day, the 24th of June? --Hmm, I think 'Divorce Day' is the first Monday of the year. --OK, Georgie. We'll find out if that's the correct answer later in the programme. Getting married very young, and differences between partners' backgrounds or interests are two common causes for couples to grow apart. Today, Marina Adshade is a professor at the University of British Columbia who studies the economics of sex and relationships, but her life has a very different beginning, as she told BBC World Service programme, The Global Story: I married really young, I had no education, I married somebody who is older than me, who had a lot of education and our relationship worked well for a while. And then in my late 20s I decided to go back to school, I no longer wanted to be a stay-at-home mother which was what I was doing in my 20s, and that change in our situation for us just became completely unresolvable. And I think this is true for a lot of marriages because people's situation changes over their lives, maybe they want children then maybe they change their minds. Marina started her married life as a stay-at-home mum – a woman who stays home to take care of the children and manage the household. Marina married an older man, and although their relationship started well, over time they developed different ideas about what they wanted from life. Marina and her husband changed their minds - they changed an earlier decision they had made. Growing apart is one of the most frequently given reasons for divorce, and eventually Marina and her husband's problems became unresolvable – not able to be fixed or satisfactorily ended. Marina's experience is typical of someone who finds themself trapped in a marriage that no longer works. Yet unfortunately, due to economic or emotional reasons, many people stay trapped. So, what can be done? Now, some countries are looking to the authorities, rather than the couple themselves, for a solution. Here, Lucy Hockings, presenter of BBC World Service's The Global Story and divorce counsellor, Joanna Gosling, discuss a new strategy being used in China: There was an interesting thing they did in China where they introduced this cooling-off period. So, the government enforced this. Does that work when the government intervenes in a situation like this and makes people behave or do things in a certain way? If nothing changes in the dynamic between two people, being told that they've got to cool off and wait a bit longer, I don't think is going to make them suddenly realise that they want to be together. It might be an idea for states to invest in communication programmes for these couples 'cause that's invariably why relationships fall apart. In response to rising divorce rates, in 2021 the Chinese government introduced a 30-day cooling-off period for couples wanting to separate. A cooling-off period is a period of time in which two groups who are arguing can try to improve the situation before taking further action. However, it's unusual for governments to intervene - to become involved - in people's private lives this way. Joanna doubts a cooling-off period will work, especially as the main reason for relationships failing is non-communication. She says a lack of communication is invariably - or always - the reason for divorce. On the plus side, by communicating openly, maybe with the professional help of a relationship counsellor, saving a marriage is possible. I think it's time you reveal the answer to your question, Phil. You asked about 'Divorce Day' in Britain, and I guessed it was the first Monday of the new year. --Good guess Georgie, because that's the correct answer! 'Divorce Day' is the first Monday of the year. 🌟 字数限制，完整文本，以及翻译和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Is it time to reassess our relationship with nature? | BBC Ideas Earth, us… But, hang on, aren't we part of the Earth? We're organic creatures, made of the same molecules as everything else on our planet - one interconnected ecosystem that keeps us all alive. But are we superior? Different? Or special? Why do we so often feel, well, separate from the Earth? In fact, not everyone does. 地球，我们……但等等，我们不也是地球的一部分吗？我们是有机生物，由与地球上其他一切相同的分子构成——一个相互联系的生态系统，让我们都活着。但我们是优越的吗？不同的吗？还是特别的？为什么我们常常觉得自己与地球是分离的？事实上，并不是每个人都有这种感觉。 Throughout human history lots of cultures have viewed their relationship to the Earth in other ways. Many still do. Animism - the belief that spirit infuses objects, nature and the whole of existence - is a fundamental principle of many indigenous societies. In Taoism, cosmic energy - or life force - is everywhere and is constantly seeking harmony and balance between all things. Ancient Andean civilisations placed the spirit of Pachamama, or Mother Earth, at the very centre of their worldview. And, today, for many indigenous people of the world, like the U'wa tribe in Colombia, the Earth is not just the dust from which human beings are made, it's the spirit of their people and ancestors. It's their history. It is life itself. 纵观人类历史，许多文化都以其他方式看待它们与地球的关系。许多人至今仍如此。万物有灵论——认为精神贯穿于物体、自然和整个存在——是许多土著社会的基本原则。在道教中，宇宙能量——或者说生命力——无处不在，并且不断寻求万物之间的和谐与平衡。古老的安第斯文明将帕查玛玛或地球母亲的精神置于其世界观的中心。今天，对世界上许多土著人来说，比如哥伦比亚的乌瓦部落，地球不仅仅是人类的尘土，还是他们的人民和祖先的精神。它是他们的历史。它就是生命本身。 This isn't always an easy idea for people in today's Western societies to grasp. The Druids of Ancient Britain did grasp it - focusing their spiritual practices on a reverence and connection with nature. But when Christianity spread through Europe, animism was condemned as pagan and savage. European colonialism enforced these views around the globe, in places like the Americas and Australia - crushing the indigenous peoples and their nature wisdom. 对于当今西方社会的人们来说，这并不总是一个容易理解的想法。古代英国的德鲁伊教徒确实领会了这一点——他们将精神修行集中在对自然的尊敬和联系上。但是当基督教传遍欧洲时，万物有灵论被谴责为异教和野蛮。欧洲殖民主义在全球范围内强制推行这些观点，在美洲和澳大利亚等地，压制了土著人民及其自然智慧。 Since the birth of agriculture, humans had been manipulating the world around them, harnessing, dividing and selling its natural resources. But under colonization, the Earth became a place to be conquered, dominated, farmed, fished, plundered and mined, on a vast scale. Was there any scientific thinking behind our ever-increasing control over the natural world? 17th Century Europe thought so. 自农业诞生以来，人类一直在操纵周围的世界，利用、分割和出售其自然资源。但在殖民统治下，地球变成了一个被大规模征服、支配、耕种、捕鱼、掠夺和开采的地方。在我们对自然世界日益增长的控制背后，是否有任何科学思考？17 世纪的欧洲是这么认为的。 In fact thought was all the rage then, as French philosopher Rene Descartes, and other others, like Sir Isaac Newton, helped to kick off the Enlightenment - an era that prized reasoning, science and order. A new view of the world emerged - with human beings as the thinking, rational, masters, and nature as our unthinking, unfeeling servant. Standing apart from her, humans investigated nature's ultimate questions, dissecting her into smaller and smaller pieces. This brought us great power. And with great power, comes... You know the rest. The Anthropocene Age had begun - an epoch defined by one dominant species. Us. 事实上，思想在当时风靡一时，法国哲学家勒内·笛卡尔和艾萨克·牛顿爵士等人帮助开启了启蒙运动——一个崇尚推理、科学和秩序的时代。一种新的世界观出现了——人类是有思想、理性的主人，而大自然则是我们没有思想、没有感情的仆人。人类站在大自然之外，研究大自然的终极问题，将大自然切割成越来越小的碎片。这为我们带来了强大的力量。而伴随着强大力量而来的......其余的你都知道。人类世时代已经开始——一个由一个优势物种定义的时代。我们。 On a planet that is billions of years old, in just 500 years, much of the human race has come to see itself as the rulers and center of all life. Today, we are still trying to bend the planet's environment, processes and biodiversity to our will. Our vast, sprawling cities have pushed nature out of sight and out of mind. The world is attempting to meet the urgent challenge of climate change. But can anything fundamentally change while we still see ourselves as somehow separate from Earth? 在这个有着数十亿年历史的星球上，短短500年间，大部分人类已将自己视为所有生命的主宰和中心。今天，我们仍在试图让地球的环境、进程和生物多样性屈从于我们的意志。我们庞大的、蔓延的城市将大自然挤出了人们的视线和脑海。全世界都在努力应对气候变化这一紧迫挑战。但是，如果我们仍然把自己与地球割裂开来，还能从根本上改变什么吗？ There are signs of hope. Other voices are starting to be heard once again. Influenced by a resurgent indigenous view of Pachamama, Bolivia and Ecuador have passed laws granting all nature equal rights with humans. And in New Zealand, a Maori tribe has successfully fought to have their river - and ancestor - given the same legal rights as a person. In an interconnected world, can we humans find ways to truly reconnect to all life on the planet? A new era might start with one single idea. There is no Earth and us. We are one. 有希望的迹象。人们开始再次听到其他的声音。受复兴的帕查玛玛土著观点的影响，玻利维亚和厄瓜多尔通过了法律，赋予所有自然界与人类平等的权利。在新西兰，一个毛利部落成功地为他们的河流和祖先争取到了与人类同等的法律权利。在这个相互联系的世界里，我们人类能否找到真正与地球上所有生命重新建立联系的方法？一个新时代或许可以从一个想法开始。没有地球和我们。我们是一体的。 🌟 视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Business Bartleby 商业 巴托比专栏 Stranger things 关于陌生人 How to make networking marginally less awful for introverts. 如何让内向者在社交时稍微不那么难受 Corporate life throws up some stressful moments. Bringing bad news to your boss; facing an interview panel; making a big presentation. But few things are worse than networking if you are an introvert. 职场生活中总有一些令人坐立不安的时刻。向老板报告坏消息；面对一排面试官；在大会上做报告。但如果你是一个内向的人，没有什么比社交建人脉更糟糕了。 You arrive at an event to find that everyone there apparently knows each other already. And then you look more closely and spot the fellow-sufferers. They are the people who are actually reading the conference blurb. They look at email on their phones with greater intensity than ever happens at the office. They endlessly circulate the room, like bits of plastic in the ocean waiting to be snagged on something. They take a seat in the main hall while the sound engineers are still testing the microphones. 你参加一个活动，到场后发现每个人好像都已互相认识。定睛看看，你认出了和自己同病相怜的人。居然有人认真在看会议简介。他们在手机上起劲地查看邮件，在办公室时可从没这样过。他们不停在会场里兜圈，就像大海里漂流的塑料碎片，期待着被什么拦下来。当音响师还在调试话筒时，他们就已经在主会场找位置坐了下来。 Fortunately, there is advice out there on how to break the ice with strangers. Unfortunately, it's abysmal. One sage counsels making contact in queues, because it is easier to talk to the person in front of you and behind you. You are meant to ambush people on the escalator, in the toilets and in the queue to get your name tag. In the line for coffee, open the door to jobs and sales by saying six incomprehensible words: "Juicing up for the big keynote?" 幸运的是，你可以找到一些关于与陌生人聊天破冰的建议。不幸的是，这些建议都糟透了。一个大聪明建议在排队时与人搭话，因为排队时会更容易与站在前面和后面的人攀谈。所以你要在自动扶梯上、厕所里和排队领取胸牌时突袭别人。在排队拿咖啡时，只要说出令人费解的六字真言便可以打开通往新工作和销售单之门：“开会前提提神？” On it goes. Don't be afraid to laugh, because nothing drains the tension from a room like someone who cannot stop chuckling. Bring personal information into the conversation, lest people think you are at a conference on treasury-management software only for commercial gain. Use the other person's name twice, to appear truly engaged. And take notes on conversations afterwards so you can follow up with them. Add these ingredients together, and you have the recipe for success: "Juicing up for the big keynote?" "What?" "Juicing up for the big keynote?" "I don't know what that means." [Scan name badge] "Keith, is it?" "Er, yes." [Laughing] “I'm having a baby, Keith.” "Keith?" [Take out notepad] If this is how to network, no wonder people go to the main hall early. Making contacts on a site like LinkedIn is a lot less stressful. There is no eye contact, after all, and the rules of the road are agreed. And all those connection requests do appear to help with careers. A paper published last year by Karthik Rajkumar of LinkedIn and co-authors from academia found empirical evidence for the insight that underpins all kinds of networking—that, because they bring you new information, more infrequent and distant relationships (or "weak ties") are more useful than close contacts. The researchers randomly changed the "People You May Know" recommendations algorithm that LinkedIn shows its users, so that the prevalence of weaker and stronger connections varied among people on the site. The experiment showed that weaker ties (where a pair of users had only one mutual friend, say) were more likely to lead to job applications and job moves than those where people had 25 mutual friends or more. This sounds like nirvana for introverts: start spamming everyone with connection requests, close the office door and wait for job offers. But it is not that easy. Even weak ties need tending. Even online, interacting with people is easier if you find it energising; a survey-based study of LinkedIn, by Joanna Davis of Augustana College and her co-authors, found that extroversion was a predictor of networking ability. There isn't a genuinely painless way for introverts to network. Still, methods to do it exist that are wiser than standing in a queue and hoping the guy who doesn't know how to get coffee out of the machine is your ticket to career success. The real secret is to save your energy for the people who are most likely to be interesting to you. In the online realm, for instance, Dr Rajkumar's study does not find that the weaker the tie, the better. The sweet spot in networking on LinkedIn is someone with moderately weak ties to you: connecting with a person with ten mutual friends markedly increases the probability of changing jobs compared with someone with just one shared friend. In other words, networking pays off if you can identify people who can bring you new information but are close enough to your world that this information is useful. In the offline world, a tool like ChatGPT should make it easier to find useful prospects in a list of event attendees. But you still need to overcome all your instincts and approach them. 🌟 字数限制，完整翻译和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Why Do Bad Things Keep Happening to Me? Much is constantly happening that annoys us: trains pull out of platforms as we approach them. Taps snap off their moorings; shopping bags leak; suppliers go bankrupt; colleagues resign; cars break down. It is all — undoubtedly — maddening. But the question is how much does it all, beneath the surface, have to feel intentional as well? 我们经常会遇到很多烦心事：火车在我们接近站台时驶离。水龙头突然断裂；购物袋漏了；供应商破产；同事辞职；汽车抛锚。毫无疑问，这一切都令人抓狂。但问题是，在表象之下，这一切又有多少是有意为之的？ For a certain kind of personality, it is very hard to hold on to the idea that many troubles might come down to something as innocent as chance. It simply seems implausible that awful things might repeatedly unfold, at terribly inopportune moments, without some kind of malevolent intent being involved. 对于某种性格的人来说，很难坚持认为许多麻烦可能是由偶然事件这样无辜的事情造成的。在没有某种恶意的介入下，可怕的事情在非常不恰当的时刻一再发生，这似乎根本说不过去。 It can't be just an accident that the dinner order went missing, that the cinema seat was double booked, that the phone's battery has died. Why did their dry cleaning — and no one else's — end up being stolen and their new shoes spring a leak? Why is there a strange smell just next to where they are seated on the plane? How come there is a small beetle in their salad? 晚餐订单丢失、电影院座位被重复预订、手机没电，这一切都不可能只是意外。为什么他们的（不是其他人的）干洗衣服的被偷了，为什么他们的新鞋漏水了？为什么他们在飞机上的座位旁有一股奇怪的味道？他们的沙拉里怎么会有一只小甲虫？ It's as though someone is trailing them, undermining them, laying traps for them — and laughing at them. It seems like there is some kind of conspiracy to make them look like a cretin to the world (why else have they been walking around all day with a sticker on the back of their coat and why does their zip jam exactly ten minutes before an important dinner? ) . No wonder they may get very cross indeed. 就好像有人在跟踪他们，破坏他们，给他们设下陷阱，还嘲笑他们。似乎有什么阴谋要让他们在世人面前看起来像个白痴（不然他们为什么整天都穿着贴着贴纸的大衣走来走去，为什么他们的拉链会在重要晚宴前十分钟卡住？) 。也难怪他们会非常生气。 The sad and touching truth is that there is — of course — almost never any conspiracy at play. But that it strongly feels like there is one on the inside tells us a lot about the origins of paranoic hypersensitivity: it is the bitter fruit of self-hatred. When we heartily dislike ourselves, it is only natural to have the impression that the world is ridiculing us in turn. 悲伤而感人的真相是，当然，几乎从来没有什么阴谋在起作用。但是，如果我们内心强烈感觉有阴谋存在，这告诉我们很多关于偏执性超敏反应的起源：它是自我厌恶的苦果。当我们极度地厌恶自己时，很自然地就会觉得世界也在反过来嘲笑我们。 The hotel concierge knows exactly how awful we are; that's why they've given us the room with the malfunctioning airconditioning unit; the waiter has deep experience of our revoltingness; that's why they chose our trousers on which to drop a piece of butter. The phone company knows that we are an idiot (and that we think dreadful things) ; that's why they've made sure our mobile would give out on the second day of our trip. 酒店门房清楚地知道我们有多糟糕，所以才给我们安排了空调出故障的房间；服务员对我们的反感深有体会，所以才选了我们的裤子来放一块黄油。电话公司知道我们是个白痴（也知道我们会胡思乱想）；这就是为什么他们要确保我们的手机在旅行的第二天就会坏掉。 We need to be given the chance to see that our suspicious natures are a symptom of a self-hatred that owes its origins not to the prevalence of actual plots and schemes, but to childhood dynamics in which we lacked the reassurance, attention and care we deserved — and for this, we deserve immense, ongoing sympathy. 我们需要有机会看到，我们多疑的天性是一种自我厌恶的症状，而这种自我厌恶的根源并不在于实际阴谋诡计的盛行，而在于童年时期我们缺乏应有的安慰、关注和关怀——为此，我们应该得到极大的、持续的同情。 The world doesn't hate us, we have just learnt to have contempt for ourselves which returns to haunt us in the form of imagined plots. No one is actually laughing at us; we weren't loved properly and now don't like ourselves very much. That's the true outrage for which we should reserve our anger and our self-compassion. 世界并不讨厌我们，我们只是学会了蔑视自己，而这种蔑视又以想象中的阴谋的形式纠缠着我们。事实上，没有人嘲笑我们；我们只是没有得到应有的爱，所以现在也不太喜欢自己。这才是真正的愤慨，我们应该为此保留愤怒并学会自我同情。 词汇表 pull out of platforms 驶离站台 snap off [snæp] 突然折断，断裂 mooring ['mʊərɪŋz] 系泊处，系泊用具（这里指水龙头固定连接点） supplier [səˈplaɪə(r)] 供货商，供应者 go bankrupt [ˈbæŋkrʌpt] 倒闭，破产 maddening ['mæd(ə)nɪŋ] 令人发狂的，使人恼火的 intentional [ɪnˈtenʃ(ə)nəl] 故意的，有意的，存心的 come down to 归结为，取决于 implausible [ɪmˈplɔːzəb(ə)l] 难以置信的，不可信的，不合情理的 unfold [ʌnˈfəʊld] 发生，打开，展示 inopportune [ɪnˈɒpə(r)ˌtjuːn] 不合时宜的，不凑巧的 malevolent intent [mə'levələnt] [ɪn'tent] 恶意 double booked（座位等）被预订给多人，重复预订 dry cleaning 干洗，需干洗的衣服 spring a leak [liːk] 开始漏水，出现漏洞，泄漏 trail [treɪl] 跟踪，追踪 undermine [ˌʌndə(r)ˈmaɪn] 暗中破坏，逐渐损坏 lay traps for 设陷阱 conspiracy [kən'spɪrəsi] 密谋，阴谋 cretin [ˈkretɪn] 笨蛋，傻瓜，白痴 sticker 粘贴标签，贴纸 zip jam [zɪp][dʒæm] 拉链卡住 get cross 生气 at play 起作用 paranoic [ˌpærə'nɔik] 偏执的，妄想的，多疑的 hypersensitivity [ˌhaɪpə:ˌsensə'tɪvətɪ] 过敏症，超敏反应 self-hatred [ˈheɪtrɪd] 自我憎恨，自我厌恶 heartily [ˈhɑː(r)tɪli] 非常地；由衷地；热忱的 ridicule [ˈrɪdɪˌkjuːl] 嘲弄，取笑 hotel concierge [ˈkɒnsiˌeə(r)ʒ] 宾馆门房，酒店礼宾部 malfunctioning[mæl'fʌŋkʃ(ə)nɪŋ] 出故障的 revoltingness [rɪˈvəʊltɪŋnəs] 反感，恶心感 give out 坏掉，出故障，停止运转 prevalence ['prevələns] 盛行，流行，普遍 plots and schemes [plɒt][skiːm] 阴谋诡计 reassurance [ˌriːəˈʃʊərəns] 安慰，慰藉，（能消除疑虑等的）肯定 have contempt for [kən'tempt] 轻蔑，蔑视 outrage ['aʊtreɪdʒ] 愤怒，愤慨，暴行 🌟视频版和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进入【打卡交流群】

From the Sky News Center at 7. Israel says it has targeted Iranian military sites during three waves of airstrikes overnight. The Israeli military says it carried out the attack in response to hundreds of ballistic missiles fired into its country from Tehran earlier this month. Rear Admiral Daniel Hagari, a spokesperson for the Israel Defense Forces, gave this warning to Iran: If the regime in Iran were to make the mistake of beginning a new round of escalation, we will be obligated to respond. Our message is clear. All those who threaten the state of Israel and seek to drag the region into wider escalation will pay a heavy price. The amount employers pay in national insurance is expected to rise in next week's budget to raise money for public services. The move is expected to drum up around 20 billion pounds. The Prime Minister has announced the Royal Navy will expand its presence in the Pacific Ocean. Sir Keir Starmer laid out his plans on the final day of his visit to Samoa for a meeting of Commonwealth leaders. Beyoncé has appeared alongside Kamala Harris at a rally in Texas to endorse her as the next U.S. president. We are grabbing back the pen, that pen, to forge a new path with Kamala Harris and Tim Walz. We are grabbing back the pen to write a new American story, a story of community, of equality, strength, of kindness and of hope. The Democratic nominee's presidential campaign has taken on Beyonce's track Freedom as its anthem. Ms. Harris is in the state at the same time as her Republican rival Donald Trump. 翻译和更多英语听力见公众号【琐简英语】，回复“1”可加入【打卡交流群】

Could humans live in underwater cities in the future? From the ancient Roman sea god, Neptune, to myths of mermaids, to modern Hollywood films like Finding Nemo, people throughout history have been fascinated by the idea of living underwater. In this programme, we'll be hearing about projects to create liveable underwater habitats and the challenges they face. We'll be finding out how realistic it is to believe that in a few years we could be eating breakfast whilst watching fish swim outside the kitchen window, before heading off to work in an office under the ocean, and we'll be learning some related vocabulary as well. But first it's time for our quiz question. One of the first adventure stories to fire the public's imagination about the underwater world was the 1870 novel, Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. But who wrote this underwater classic? Was it a) H·G·Wells, b) Arthur Conan Doyle, or c) Jules Verne? --I think I know this one, Neil. Wasn't it a) H·G·Wells? --OK, Rob, we'll find out later if you're right. Now, one of the most ambitious designs for an underwater city is Ocean Spiral, a huge transparent globe attached to the seabed-the solid ground which lies deep below the sea level. The top of the globe stands above the surface of the ocean and running through the centre is a tower to add strength, and to provide space for homes, offices and even an amusement park for five thousand underwater residents. Ocean Spiral has been dreamt up by the Japanese Shimizu Corporation. Here's Shimizu engineer, Maksaki Takeuchi, explaining to BBC World Service programme, CrowdScience, the motivation behind the idea. At the moment the world is facing a lot of serious problems regarding food, energy, water, natural resources. However, we are trying to solve the issues just by using our land. Our idea is to connect the sea surface and the deep sea vertically and that way we believe that we can utilise the capability of the deep sea and that's the purpose of this whole project. The effects of human activity on the land have led some to look to the oceans for natural resources-naturally existing things such as minerals, oil, coal and other energy sources that can be used by people. This search deep underwater is happening vertically-at a ninety degree angle straight up or down from the ground, as opposed to horizontally, or flat across the Earth's surface. But as yet, Shimizu Corporation's plans for an underwater city are still in the planning stages-no part of the project has yet been built and the total cost is thought to exceed 26 billion dollars. In fact, the longest anyone has spent living under the sea is only 73 days. That record was set by Roger Garcia, ex-military diver and head of The Aquarius, currently the world's only underwater research station. Here's Roger Garcia, explaining to BBC World Service programme, CrowdScience, what happens to the human body after living underwater for so long. Perhaps a change in their voice, not much 'cos we're not very deep, that's because the air becomes denser. Physiologically the most important thing though, is that since you are in this case at two and a half times atmospheric pressure, you do take on more inner gas, and in this case-inside The Aquarius we just breathe normal air-you're gonna take on more nitrogen and depending on how long you stay in The Aquarius, that's going to incur some sort of decompressed obligation. In addition to engineering challenges, living underwater for long periods of time also affects the human body. One example is the bends, or decompression sickness, a serious medical disorder created by nitrogen bubbles in the muscles when returning to the surface of the sea too quickly. The bends, and changes to the voice, are examples of how underwater living changes the body physiologically-relating to how the bodies of living humans and animals function. As divers descend deep below the ocean's surface, there is an increase in atmospheric pressure-the normal air pressure within the Earth's atmosphere. The deeper they dive, the higher the pressure. Physiological reactions like the bends are caused by divers incorrectly readjusting to normal atmospheric pressure. Well, Neil, with so many difficulties, it's no surprise that H·G·Wells's fantasy of living under the sea is still science-fiction. --Ah, but are you sure it was H·G·Wells, Rob? In my quiz question, I asked you who wrote the classic underwater adventure Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea. --Yes, and I said a) H·G·Wells. --Which was...the wrong answer! It was, in fact, c) Jules Verne, the French author who also wrote Around the World in Eighty Days. 🌟 字数限制，完整文本、翻译和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Bad dreams help to control fear when awake Our dreams – why we have them and what's in them – has long been a subject of fascination. Now, a new study, published in the journal Human Brain Mapping, demonstrates that dreams help us react better to frightening situations in our waking lives. 长久以来，我们的梦——为什么做梦以及梦里有什么一直是一个令人着迷的话题。现在，一项发表在《人脑图谱》期刊上的新研究表明，梦能帮我们在清醒状态下更好地应对可怕的情况。 Scientists from Geneva placed electrodes on 18 subjects whom they woke several times during the night. The researchers wanted to track brain activity during dreams, especially fearful ones. They found that regions of the brain react to fear in the same way while asleep and when awake. 来自日内瓦的科学家们在18名受试者身上放置了电极，并在夜间多次叫醒他们。研究人员想跟踪并记录他们在梦中，特别是在做可怕的梦时的脑部活动。他们发现，大脑的部分区域在睡眠中和清醒时应对恐惧的方式相同。 The researchers next gave a dream diary to 89 participants for a week. At the end of the week, they were placed in a magnetic resonance imaging machine or MRI and shown emotionally negative images, such as assaults or distressful situations, as well as neutral images. Dr Lampros Perogamvros said he was surprised by the outcomes. 接下来，研究人员将一本梦境日记发给了89名实验参与者，让他们进行为期一周的记录。在这周结束时，他们让参与者躺在磁共振成像机内，向他们展示了一些消极情绪的图像，比如袭击或痛苦的场面，以及无明显情绪倾向的图像。兰普洛斯·佩洛甘姆洛斯博士对该研究结果表示惊讶。 These results reinforce a neuroscientific theory about dreams, that we simulate frightening situations while dreaming in order to better react to them once we're awake. Dr Perogamvros is also interested in nightmares, but he cautions they might not have the same beneficial role as fearful dreams. He says, unlike bad dreams, in which the level of fear is moderate, nightmares are characterised by an excessive level of fear that disrupts sleep and has a negative impact on the individual once awake. 这些结果进一步证实了一个关于梦的神经科学理论：我们在做梦时会模拟令人害怕的场景，以确保醒来后能更好地应对这类情况。佩洛甘姆洛斯博士对噩梦也很感兴趣，但他提醒人们，噩梦可能起不到与可怕的梦境相同的积极作用。他说，与恐惧度适中的可怕梦境不同的是，噩梦的特点是恐惧度过高，这种恐惧会扰乱睡眠并对清醒状态下的人产生负面影响。 词汇表 fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃ(ə)n] 着迷，入迷，令人着迷的事物 Human Brain Mapping 《人脑图谱》（期刊名） frightening / fearful ['fraɪt(ə)nɪŋ] 可怕的，令人恐惧的 Geneva [dʒiˈni:və] 日内瓦（瑞士城市） electrode [ɪˈlektrəʊd] 电极 magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) [mæɡ'netɪk]['rezənəns] 磁共振成像 assault [əˈsɔːlt] 袭击，攻击 distressful [dɪs'tresfəl] 痛苦的，苦恼的 neutral [ˈnjuːtrəl] 中性的，不带感情色彩的 reinforce [ˌriːɪnˈfɔː(r)s] 加强，强化（观点、思想） neuroscientific [ˌnjʊərəʊˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk] 神经科学的 simulate [ˈsɪmjʊleɪt] 模拟，模仿 nightmare [ˈnaɪtˌmeə(r)] 噩梦，梦魇 caution [ˈkɔːʃ(ə)n] 提醒，告诫，警告 moderate [ˈmɒd(ə)rət] 适度的，中等的 excessive [ɪk'sesɪv] 过度的，过分的 disrupt sleep [dɪs'rʌpt] 扰乱睡眠 🌟更多英语听力和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】

Study supports link between music and cognitive ability The physical and mental dexterity needed to master a musical instrument has long been associated with improved cognitive performance. But now, researchers at the University of Edinburgh have demonstrated it can also delay the mental decline associated with ageing. 长期以来，人们一直认为精通一种乐器所需的身体和思维灵敏度与认知能力的提高有关。但现在，爱丁堡大学的研究人员们已经证明精通乐器还有可能延缓与衰老相关的智力衰退。 The team tested more than 400 people from the Lothian birth cohort, a long-term study group set up in 1936, and found significantly higher levels of performance in both mental processing speed and visuospatial reasoning for those in their seventies and early eighties, who'd learnt to play an instrument in their youth. 该团队对英国洛锡安地区出生人口队列中的400名调查对象进行了测试，这个长期追踪研究组于1936年设立，跟踪研究发现在目前70多岁和80岁出头的人群中，儿时学过乐器的人大脑处理信息的速度和视觉空间推理方面的表现都更好。 The results held up even when educational attainment and economic status were taken into account, and begs the question, could learning to play an instrument in later life have a similarly positive impact on ageing? 即便是将研究对象的受教育程度和经济状况纳入考虑因素，上述研究结果依然成立，这就引出了一个的问题：长大后开始学习乐器是否会对衰老产生类似的积极影响？ The researchers are now appealing for people who've only started to play an instrument as adults to take part in a new study. 为此，这些研究人员正在寻找成年后才开始学习演奏乐器的人来参与一项新的研究。 词汇表 dexterity [dek'sterəti] 灵敏度，灵巧，敏捷 master 精通，掌握 University of Edinburgh [ˈednˌbə:rə] 爱丁堡大学 cognitive performance [ˈkɒɡnətɪv] 认知表现，认知能力 mental decline 智力衰退 Lothian [ˈləuðiən]（英国）洛锡安地区 cohort [ˈkəʊˌhɔː(r)t] 人口队列，（有共同特点的）一群人 set up 设立 mental processing speed 大脑处理信息的速度 visuospatial reasoning [vɪzjʊəʊ'speɪʃəl] 视觉空间推理 hold up （理论）成立，站得住脚 educational attainment [ə'teɪnmənt] 受教育程度 beg the question 引出问题，不得不问 appeal for [əˈpiːl] 寻求，呼吁 🌟更多英语听力和pdf见公众号【琐简英语】，回复"1"可进【打卡交流群】