Daisies that keep facing the sun
BBC Earth｜Seasonal Worlds｜The Green Planet

The first warm days of spring encourage some plants to flower and get ahead of the competition, creating beautiful displays throughout the seasonal world. From the spectacular cherry blossoms of Japan to the goldfield flowers of California.
初春温暖的天气促使一些植物竞相开花，在季节性的世界里创造出美丽的景象。从日本壮观的樱花，到加州的金原菊花。

But spring flowering is risky. If they flower too early, it may not be warm enough for pollinating insects to be active. But the common daisy gives them every opportunity.
但是春天开花是有风险的。如果它们开花太早，这样的温度可能不足以让授粉昆虫活跃起来。但是普通的雏菊给了授粉昆虫每一个机会。

The warmer the flowers are, the more attractive they are,  and they have a remarkable strategy in order to maximise this. They were closed up tightly throughout the night as a protection against the elements. But once they feel the warmth and the light of the sun, they spring into action. It's a behaviour called heliotropism. They turn to keep facing the sun, absorbing as much heat as they can.
花朵越温暖，就越有吸引力，为了最大化这一点，雏菊有一个非凡的策略。它们的花朵整夜紧闭，以抵御恶劣的天气。但是一旦它们感受到温暖和阳光，它们便会立即行动起来。这种行为被称为向日性。它们转动以面向太阳，尽可能多地吸收热量。

This is a thermal camera, and it will tell me the difference between the surrounding temperature and the temperature in the centre of a daisy flower. The surroundings: 12 degrees. In the centre of a flower: 21.
这是一个热像仪，它会告诉我周围的温度和雏菊花心的温度之间的差异。周围环境是12度。而花心是21度。

Pollinators such as bees and wasps prefer the warmed-up flowers because they can get a share of the heat for themselves. As a consequence, they can collect more nectar from more flowers, pollinating as they go. And the daisies, with the help of their pollinators, are able to have a particularly long flowering season.
蜜蜂和黄蜂等传粉者更喜欢温暖的花朵，因为它们可以为自己获得一份热量。因此，它们可以从更多的花朵上采集更多的花蜜，边采边授粉。在传粉昆虫的帮助下，雏菊有着特别长的花期。

词汇表
cherry blossom ['tʃerɪ][ˈblɒs(ə)m] 樱花
goldfield ['gəʊldfi:ld] （加州）金原菊属植物（以其在春季盛开时覆盖山坡和草地的金黄色花海而闻名）
pollinating insect [ˈpɒləneɪt]  授粉昆虫，传粉昆虫
pollinator ['pɒlɪneɪtə] 传粉者，传粉昆虫
daisy ['deɪzɪ] 雏菊
maximise ['mæksɪmaɪz] 使最大化，充分利用
the elements（恶劣的）天气
spring into action 立即采取行动，突然活跃起来
heliotropism [ˌhi:lɪ'ɒtrəʊpɪzəm] 向日性，趋日性（指某些植物调整自身方向面向太阳，以最大化地吸收阳光）
thermal camera [ˈθɜː(r)m(ə)l] 热成像仪，红外热成像仪（一种能够检测并记录物体表面温度分布的设备）
wasp [wɒsp] 胡蜂，黄蜂，马蜂
warmed-up 升温的，温暖的
get a share of 获取（利益），分一杯羹
nectar [ˈnektə(r)] 花蜜，甘露
flowering season 花期，开花季节

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