可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone, and welcome back to your favorite segment Global Village. 欢迎回来你们最喜欢的板块【小酒馆·大世界】. Today in our studio, we have an old friend. I'm just curious because even as early as your bachelor years, you were doing philosophy already, but what sparked that initial interest like when you chose major for your bachelors study, for your undergraduate study, what made you choose philosophy? I think philosophy is a little bit self-selecting. You have to be a certain kind of person to choose it. When you say self-selecting, is it one of those things like it's not so much as you select that philosophy selected you. Yes, all that it's may be part of my character to study philosophy I guess. I think some people can't help but continue to have those questions that children have. So children will always ask just yesterday, I was waiting to go into somewhere that wasn't open yet and there was a child and they were asking their parents, why isn't it open? And they're like because it's not time yet. And the child saying why isn't it time yet? Then they'd say everything has to happen at a certain time, and he's like, why, why can't everything happen all at once? Like why do they have to happen in order? And then the parent, the mother just said, do you want to look at some pictures on the phone? And The child said, yeah let's look at some videos or pictures on the phone. But unfortunately, I'm one of those children that says no, I want that answer to the question like why, why do things happen? And you carry on asking the annoying questions, they're more interesting than the pictures on the phone. Oh. I see. Yeah, one of those highly inquisitive souls basically. Right. Right or highly annoying, I think, is the other way of describing. I bet your parents say that about you, but you know it's like the major that we study or the field that we're in, the type of jobs that we do, they all make an impact or imprint on us, right? So studying philosophy and even this almost like getting into religious study territory, how has this changed you or do you think it has changed you or your perspectives, your personality at all over the years? Yeah of course. It’s kind of has to, and I think there are definitely a lot of philosophy books, whether it's the Laozi or whether it's JS Mill on liberty or Nāgārjuna...those books after you read them, yeah, you're a completely different person.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone, and welcome back to your favorite segment Global Village. 欢迎回来你们最喜欢的板块【小酒馆·大世界】. Actually today in our studio welcome back an old friend, some of you probably remember we had this philosophy segment called Let's Philosophize? 可能还有一些小伙伴记得原来你们很喜欢的一个板块叫做【知乎哲也】，是讲哲学问题的, 当时就有很多人喜欢这个板块的嘉宾主播TJ, so TJ, welcome back. Hi, Lulu. I'm very glad to be back with you after a long hiatus. I mean you have been really busy, right? I thought the reason why I invited TJ to this segment rather than Let's Philosophize is because he has some interesting life updates to share. Like before in this segment earlier this year, if some of you still remember, we talked to Brad about his move to Japan. And TJ, you were in China in Beijing before COVID and during the COVID years you were back in the UK, and now you're in America. Right, O’er land of the free and the home of the brave as they call it. I'm just trying to get used to the culture shock of being in another place. I call it my third childhood. I had my first childhood in England, my second childhood in China. Now I'm learning everything again, right? Completely different environment. I'm sure this is going to be a very interesting talk. But first things first, let's start with where exactly are you? I mean the United States is a big place. Where are you? The area that I'm in is called the Midwest. The Midwest is the area that's seen as almost like the suburbs of America. It's lots of corn. People are supposed to be very friendly and they've been very nice to me so far. And it's somewhere that seemed to have a community and family values. Which state are you in? So the state that I'm in is called Indiana. Indiana, okay. Are you in like a big city at least or are you like really in suburbs or even countryside of America? So it's one of the strange things really that I'm in a town called Bloomington, which has under 100,000 people. So it is quite small. It's like a village in China. Right. You can bike around very easily. And the interesting thing about Bloomington to me is that its almost half of the entire population is to do with the university, right, its teachers, students or staff. This is my next question and I'm sure a lot of you want to ask this question. Why are you in America? It's a good question, right? Especially as I focus on early Chinese philosophy. So it's a strange place. It's essentially it's because my supervisor in China told me to come here. We have some of the best researchers that focus on early Taoist thought and early Confucian thought in all of the western world. Let me get this straight. You now move from China or from the UK to America to study Chinese philosophy? Yes. That is true. I know it seems very strange. But the degree you're doing right now is your PhD right, your doctorate? Right. I'm doing a PhD. For those of you who don't really know TJ’s really interesting educational background, Let me fill you in. TJ has got two master’s degrees, right? One from the UK one, from China, from Fudan university. Yes, that's right. Can you tell us a little bit about that like what degree did you like, what major did you do it in what field? My undergraduate degree I did in Leeds in England that’s philosophy. Then I went to Beijing Normal university and did some language courses at Beijing Normal University. After that, I did my teacher training. It was in Manchester but it's the Cambridge certification, right? That's not as impressive as it sounds for the listeners that are easily “fooled”. And then a master at Birmingham and then as another master of Fudan, now a PhD in America. So you're just one of those like perpetual students. Right, right. I think I do grow up slowly. It takes a long time for me to grow up.

1.Has people’s spending habits or their preferences changed after Covid? 2.How is prosecco rose different from prosecco? 3.How to pair prosecco with food? 4.Special mixology tips for prosecco rosé. 5. What kind of new prosecco events are on the horizon? Hi, everyone and welcome to the show. This episode is made in collaboration with the Prosecco DOC Consortium. After our talk with Tanja, I'm sure you all got to know a bit more about prosecco and the beautiful region it comes from. Now let's connect with another one of our guests, Roger, who is not only representing Casa prosecco in China, but also the owner of a trendy restaurant on Gulangyu island, Xiamen. Hi, Roger. Hi Lulu. Welcome back to the show. Haha, it’s been a pleasure. So since we talked last time, what has been happening with Casa Prosecco, your restaurant and the general restaurant, food and beverage industry. Well, we have really bad impact from the pandemic. It's been a really tough time for the restaurant owners during the period, but lucky to see we are slowly going through it. Now we see some really, really good conditions gonna come in, shows up and then to have a better economic situation right now. For our restaurant, it was really quiet, people are afraid to go out, have dinner or something. Now we get back to normal, so I'm happy to see that this is or a good sign for the future. I'm quite happy with that. Yeah, I mean good to know that. But would you say... you said it's back to normal, but I just want to know how has this, obviously Covid has a lot of impact on people in all aspects, so have your customers changed somehow like their spending habits or their preferences? For example, have they been spending more after everything opened up? Have they been celebrating more or are they more cautious about spending money? What would you say? This is a great question because it's some sort of controversy in between because after such a long period of lockdown and people were not able to go out freely to have a good time together with a friend or any events. Now they are free to go, so they sort of really happy with that. When they come to our restaurant, I also found out it's a better condition compared to before, however, the purchasing power looks like it goes down. I mean the whole economic situation, it's not really going back to normal, but I'm looking forward to see that, but nowadays if people wanted to buy some champagne, you know the customer used to have champagnes, now they don't really have the money, they would say, okay, show me something really happy stuff and not too expensive. You know what I mean, so now comes to the realistic that people would like to have some fun, they love to and eager to have some fun, but don't cost me too much. Well, prosecco now becomes a more affordable and approachable option I guess. That is exactly what I'm going to say that, now the happy style and they cost less and you can spend less for a longer period of happiness if you know what I mean.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Keywords 1.Types of cults that existed thousands of years ago 2.Cults VS. Marketing scheme 3.Why start a cult? Welcome back to Geek Time advanced. I'm Brad. Hi, Brad. How's it going Lulu? Yeah. I'm good. I'm ready to talk more about cult. All right. So we're gonna talk a little bit about some of the early cults before like thousands of years ago those types of cults. Oftentimes, cults were considered to be part of like minor religions . So just like pagan beliefs. Definitely, like smaller groups of people having different ideas when the movies we often see them as cannibalistic or something like that really sinister kind of like the Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom and ripping hearts out of your body, stealing your soul kind of thing. Honestly, I think in terms of Indiana Jones, if you don't mind me saying it, it is a little bit of racial prejudice and it's like mystifying or even vilifying cultures that you don't know perhaps. Yeah, they have those...now one of the actual cults that was kind of like it was almost a runner up to early Christianity was called mithraism. Mithraism. Mithraism yeah. Now that was in the Roman empire. You could see they had these underground places where they would worship and mithraism was kind of like... it was an astrological type of cult, they worshipped space and that type of... it wasn't a particular god or anything like that they worshipped, it was the closest thing to a god you could see was like the Taurus, the bull Almost sounds like the earlier definition of cult is basically just outside of the mainstream. It doesn't have that destructive element. Yeah. Some of them did, some of them had like they might have had sacrifices, although some people think that those sacrifices may not have actually been people they killed, they may have been people that have just died. And so it's kind of hard to see where it actually happened. It could just be that the bigger religions were trying to vilify them as mentioned earlier, but that's something that was actually this mithraism was actually quite common. They found over 400 sites around Rome where they did worship.

Cult 可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek time. 欢迎回到Geek时间。Welcome back to the studio, Brad. Thank you. Today we are going to talk about something equally niche. We’re gonna talk about cult. Indeed. 就是邪教了。You know cult I guess in any culture in any country is kind of a taboo topic, isn't it? It can be. Especially like if you know someone who was part of cult because that's when you see someone going through the process of getting into a cult, it kind of like can destroy a whole family. It's something very serious and it can potentially be very, very dark. First of all, let's talk about the definition of cult. What is a cult? Usually a cult is a group of people that follow a leader or some sort of ideology. It might be some sort of idol as in like a thing. 一个领袖或者一种理念。 And they are usually just families joining, or individuals join... Sometimes it's families, but often time it's like a group of people will follow an enigmatic person. I think cults based on my very limited understanding of cults, the reason why there are cults is because they hurt people. They are destructive. Oftentimes they are, and it's something you see after the cult becomes much much bigger, you don't see it in the early stages because if you were to do something like that, people are obviously going to quit. But once you have a cult established and you have these followers, then in order to keep people from going somewhere else, you might hurt them in order to get them to not leave. So a lot of it is to attract them first, and then once they build up some sort of loyalty or fear to the leader and then it's destructive. Right. It's some sort of dependence on them oftentimes like a cult will get someone to sell off all their possessions or like hand over the money, or if you have a house, you sign over your house to the cult leader, so then you have nowhere to go, you have that home and you can live there so long as the cult allows it. It seems like a lot of the cults across the globe seem to believe that the world is going to end and then just believing in that cult is the only way to save yourself. Right. It's either the cult is you're going to save yourself by being in this cult or that they as a cult are going to be the thing that saves the world. 这种所谓的末日邪教doomsday cults. But we talked about secret societies before. What are the differences? It sounds somewhat similar - it’s secretive with a small group of people. Well, like a secret society can be kind of a subset of cult in some ways they have the, usually it’s an ideology rather than like an individual person. Like in a secret society, you may not know who the cult leader is. It may change from area to area and it might be like a group of cults over a large area. So they don't worship any particular leaders. Secret societies are more connected by an idea. Yeah, an idea or some sort of idol. And in most cases, there can be like secret societies that are akin to a cult in the fact that they have a leader who's controlling everything, but secret societies tend not to have such a limited nature. I mean when you're back in the states, like growing up, did you have any run ins or have ever heard about cults in like your social circle? In fact, I did. I've known several people who have been in different types of cults, it's actually when I was just after high school, one of my friends who I worked with actually, he got fired, he lost his job, his wife divorced him. And then he kind of joined this cult, inside of the cult the leader said that he could read other peoples’ previous life so it was like this reincarnation cult. 这种重生转世。 And why would people believe him?

Keywords 1.Brief idea of what is Prosecco? 2.What is DOC short for? 3.What are the aims of the Prosecco DOC Consortium and especially what new development has been made with regard to Casa Prosecco, the overseas branches of the consortium. 4.After the pandemic, has the sales of Prosecco worldwide experience a significant increase? What is the forecast for Prosecco sale in the near future? 5.Are cocktails like spritz popular in Italy? 6.If people travel to the Prosecco region, what can they see and do. Hi, everyone and welcome to the show. This episode is made in collaboration with the Prosecco DOC Consortium. Today we are very lucky to have a special guest in the studio Ms. Tanja Barattin, representing the Prosecco DOC Consortium in Italy. First of all, welcome to the show, Tanja . Hello, everyone. Thank you for having me today. Actually, I should say welcome back, because last year, if you remember, Tanja was on the show talking about Prosecco already. Yes, exactly. It's a pleasure to be back with you today. And it's my pleasure. I mean, still probably some of our listeners haven't listened to that particular episode. So could you give us a brief self-introduction about your role in the Prosecco DOC Consortium? What exactly do you do? Yeah, sure. I'm Tanja Barattin, I’m the promotional department manager at the Prosecco DOC Consortium. So my role is in marketing and promotional activities in the China and foreign markets, and I coordinate events and recreation for Prosecco DOC. I see, so definitely representing Prosecco. Then can you give us a very brief idea of what is Prosecco to people who have probably not heard of it or just heard of it briefly? What is Prosecco? Prosecco is one of the most worldwide consumed Italian sparkling wine. It is produced with Glera grapes and it's named after the former village of Prosecco. So we can see the Prosecco is expression of a specific territory which is located in all these of Italy lying between the Dolomites to the Adriatic Sea, a unique area that we call as a dreamland. Thanks to the particular interaction between climate, soil and wine making tradition. So Prosecco is a location name. Yeah, it's a location. It represents a territory with specific rules collected also into production specification and also the supply chain. So from the vineyards and wine sell out into the labeling and commercialization. I see, so to sort of like make an analog so that audience can understand, is it a bit like when people think of champagne, this is the wine from champagne area. When you people think of Prosecco, this is a specific dual tag. It is the same, actually DOC, so the Denominazione di Origine Controllata (controlled designation of origin) prosecco was born in 2009 from the wine makers, and sparkling houses of nine provinces between the regions of Veneto and Friuli Venezia Giulia, and these in order to link in this solemnly the wine to its territory of origin.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ So the sense of community is definitely a pro living in small town. What about some of the cons? Did you feel like I just can't get used to this, especially initially. So there are a few things I mean the lack of food options was a big thing, like I really miss Chinese food; entertainment, I mentioned karaoke before, there was karaoke, but you'd have to go to someone's house to do it. Karaoke in the sense of like karaoke rooms. This does not exist. If I wanted to go to the... there was a supermarket but it was fairly small. So the shopping options were fairly limited; and public transport, there was no public transport if you didn't have a car, you had to walk, because New Zealanders traditionally live in houses with big gardens, not apartments. Walking into town could actually be quite a distance. I see, what about the quietness? Because one thing that I couldn't take when I just spent a few days in English countryside, it was too quiet. It was driving me crazy. How did you handle it? That didn't bother me to be honest. I remember like when I first moved from New Zealand to Beijing, I... this was the year of 2000 and I was staying in Daxing district, and I would just get woken up every morning by thousands of bicycles and bike bells. I struggled with that. I did not struggle coming back to New Zealand with the quietness. I think it's also because you grew up in a smallish town. Right? I grew up a in a city of about 65~ 70,000 people. So a small area, a low populated area. When you move back after all these years living in Beijing to this 4,000 people town, did you notice that your lifestyle has changed or your perspective about things have changed? Absolutely, hugely. So when I lived in Beijing, I had this... it was almost like a feeling of being invincible in some ways, you could go out. It felt like anything was possible in China, that might have just been the time that I was living there around the Olympics, prior to the Olympics, and around the time of the Olympics. It was very high profile... It was just fanatic and it was always stuff going on. There was always opportunities and people were just so optimistic and positive. I was caught up in that. I loved it. Coming back to New Zealand. Everyone was very sedate, very quiet, probably quite pessimistic compared to the optimism that we've been feeling in China. Am I to understand it's kind of like people in Beijing especially back then, no matter if you're Chinese or not Chinese, you felt like there's so many opportunities, so anything can happen, I can make something out of myself. I don't really know how big a success that I can land in the future. But going back, it's more like how your life's gonna be. I'd say so, I've obviously got older as well. So I've been back in New Zealand, living in New Zealand for the past 10, 12years. I've aged as well. So I'm quite happy going to bed at 9 o'clock. Actually, this is my next question. What is the life like in small town, New Zealand, if you have to walk us through a typical day, not just you, I know you have your business, you have actually a lot of things to do, but for an average New Zealanders living in a small town. What is their average day like? Yeah, most people that live in small towns, I just like everyone else. They would either go to school or have a job. In small town, New Zealand, unemployment is probably a bit higher than in the cities. So there will be.. I mean unemployment is still fairly low, but unemployment does exist. New Zealand has a pretty good social welfare system. So if you are unemployed, you get paid weekly. The chances are if you're living in a small town, everything is gonna be much cheaper.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone. And welcome back to your favorite segment Global Village. 欢迎回来【小酒馆·大世界】 Actually since we're talking to Simon in this segment again, I thought we’d just call this a new segment, just call it New Zealand Under The Microscope. 干脆我们把跟Simon的这一段改叫【闲话新西兰】得了, hi Simon. 你好, hello, kia ora. So Simon, we've talked about quite a few topics related to New Zealand, life in New Zealand, today I thought I'm gonna propose another topic that is related to lifestyle in New Zealand, which is how does it feel living in small town New Zealand, or how is it different from your experience of living in places like Beijing or Seoul Or Auckland? Sure. What do you think? Yeah, that sounds good. All right. First of all, for people who don't really know New Zealand, at least you know it's... New Zealand is next to Australia, is in southern hemisphere and is far away from most of the other countries in the world. So exactly how far is New Zealand to other parts of the world, say in flight times from where you live? So New Zealand is very far from everywhere pretty much, we've got Antarctica below us, but there's not many people, in fact, almost no people there, lots of penguins. We've got Australia to our west, it's about 4 hours flight from Auckland to Sydney. So 4 hours by plane, if I wanted to go to, for example, HongKong or Guangzhou, you're looking at around 12, 13 hours, 14 hours to Seoul, 14.5 to Beijing. If I want to go all the way to the UK, so to London Heathrow, it's going to take 24 hours, it's gonna take a full day to fly there. I've been to New Zealand, but I never really fully like realized how far it is. I would imagine going from... I know going from Beijing to New Zealand is far, but I would imagine going from HongKong to New Zealand is not as long as that, but that's really long. We sort of have a bit of an island mentality when things in the world are going badly.

欢迎来到英文小酒馆的迷你双语板块【Buzzword Mix】-新词特饮，短短几分钟，让不同段位的你掌握最新最地道的英文谈资！ 可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ In today's Buzzword Mix, our buzzword is Gluten Free. In the past few years, if I went to restaurants overseas, especially say in Europe or some trendy western restaurants in China, I've started to see this word a lot on the menu. 也就是近几年, 不管我是在国外的餐厅, 还是说国内的一些西餐厅网红店, 经常会在菜单上看到这个词, Gluten Free. So what exactly is Gluten Free? 今天的新词特饮我们就来说说这个叫做Gluten Free的饮食风潮. First thing first, what is Gluten Free? Gluten直译是麸质, 麦麸的麸, 这个字还挺复杂的. A gluten free diet is an eating plan that excludes foods containing gluten. 所谓的Gluten Free就是无麸质饮食, 可能听到这里还是很多小伙伴一头雾水, 到底这个麸质是在什么食物里有呢？ Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, rye, and triticale.麸质其实就是一种蛋白质, 它常见于wheat 小麦, barley大麦, rye 裸麦和triticale这个词我也是第一次听到叫黑小麦, 听到这里可能很多喜欢吃面食的小伙伴都沉默了. A Gluten Free Diet means you can't eat any of that? Then why would people go on this diet? 既然这些最常见的麦都不能吃, 为什么会有人愿意吃这种Gluten Free Diet无麸质饮食? Originally, a gluten free diet is essential for managing signs and symptoms of celiac disease and other medical conditions associated with gluten. 它最早其实不是一个饮食风潮, 而是对于一些疾病的应对措施. The top one is celiac disease, 这个在中文叫乳糜泻. Celiac disease is a condition in which gluten triggers immune system activity that damages the lining of the small intestine. It is an autoimmune disorder. 简单来说乳糜腺Celiac Disease就是是指摄入含麸质的食物之后, 会产生一种自体免疫性肠道疾病, 所以有这种病的人需要无麸质饮食, 就跟糖尿病人需要低糖饮食一样. The other type of health condition that requires people to go on a gluten free diet is Wheat Allergy. 另外一种需要无麸质饮食的健康状况叫做Wheat Allergy 小麦过敏. Like other food allergies, this is the result of the immune system mistaking gluten as a disease causing agent. This will trigger immune system response that may result in congestion, breathing difficulties and other symptoms. 这种小麦过敏就和其他的食物过敏症差不多, 你都会有一些不良的身体反应, 比如说呼吸困难等等. But then because some celebrities are endorsing this diet, the gluten free diet started to become popular among people who don't have these medical conditions. That's because a lot of people are claiming a gluten free diet has other benefits, for example, improved health, weight loss, and increased energy. 但是在国外一些明星大V开始推动了 Gluten Free无麸质饮食的风潮, 说它除了治病还有很多的好处, 比如说improved health会改善你的整体健康状况, weight loss可以减肥, increase energy也可以让你整个人更精神更有能量, 所以 Gluten Free Diet就开始在普通人中间流行起来.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ o Money doesn’t mean that you are posh. ▪ Posh people generally dress in tweed, wellington boots and shabby clothes – nothing to prove! o Only a quarter of the people actually want to be posh. ▪ Many people in the UK see posh people as spoilt, snobbish and entitled. Seen as old-fashioned and pretentious. ▪ British people don’t like people who try to pretend to be posh by showing off their wealth and being fake. • Posh words o Loo (instead of toilet) o Supper o Marvellous o Terribly o Gosh Actually I do wanna say something. You mentioned like posh accents before and everybody's saying in Britain, people can tell which class you are from just by accents. I see that in this you didn't really mention accents. So is accent really a sign of whether you're posh or not. To a certain extent, yeah. Accents really do show where you come from. So in the UK sometimes people say that I've got a bit of a posh accent. I don't have a typical accent from where I grew up, but that's mostly because I’ve lived in China for years and years and years and also been a teacher. I don't think you've got a posh accent, people who say 安澜 has got a posh accent, you really haven't heard a real posh accent. No, that is very exaggerated. However we did explain before, right? Even the real posh people, the old money people nowadays, sometimes they try to tone down their posh accents. Mockney. They actually try to talk common people accent. Yeah, because nowadays only 1/4 of the people who were actually interviewed in this survey actually want to be posh. To be honest, it's not that difficult to understand that because we're not just talking about money, right, later on we're gonna talk about money doesn't mean that you're posh. It's not really about money and enjoyment, is mostly about rules. A lot of this they are privileges, but also attached to many rules you can’t just be running around like other kids and doing all this random things, you probably have a lot of family rules to follow. More partly yeah. I would say it is changing a lot. And to be honest, I would say that being posh is now more of a sign of identity. It's not I would say as it was maybe 50 years ago, certainly not a hundred years ago when being posh meant that yes you had to go... you went to the best schools therefore you got the best jobs you would probably in government. Actually, they probably didn't even have jobs think about Downton Abbey. Yeah, exactly. The idea of job and weekends is very middle class. Yeah, they just had lands to inherit, castles, and so manor houses, exactly, to inherit and family coat of arms, heirlooms. I've met posh people in my life and…

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ keywords Britain under the Microscope – Posh • What does posh mean? o Positive – expensive and high quality ▪ Posh restaurant/car/clothes o Negative – describing someone as posh. ▪ He is really posh. ▪ Posh accent • How do you know if someone is posh? o There was a survey in 2021 and these are the top 10 signs. ▪ You went to boarding school. ▪ You have antiques and family heirlooms. ▪ You have a wine cellar. ▪ You have paintings of your ancestors. ▪ You never discuss money. ▪ You call your parents “mummy” and “daddy” when you are an adult. ▪ You have a family coat of arms. ▪ You ride horses. ▪ Your dinner parties are catered. Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hello, 安澜. Hi Lulu. Hi, everyone. So let me propose a topic. Okay. This is a question that has been bugging me for ages. There's one word in British culture that I find very difficult to translate correctly or accurately into Chinese. This is the word posh, p-o-s-h. I know some of you listening to this show, you probably think Lulu you're a translator, easy, just look it up online and dictionary. But it's not so much I don't know the word because that has so much cultural connotation. Yes, the idea of posh really changes its meaning constantly. So first things first, if you look it up in English-Chinese dictionary, ‘posh’ probably can be translated into上流社会的,优雅的, things like that. But it has so many more meanings. The first question I'm gonna ask you is posh a good word or a bad word. It depends. I knew it. So for example, you use the Chinese word 优雅 which is more elegant in English. Now we could describe a place as posh, so a posh restaurant, a posh car, posh clothes. That just means it's expensive, it's high quality, fancy, it's fancy, it's luxurious, maybe. But it's when you describe somebody as posh that becomes a bit negative. If I say 安澜 is really posh. I would not take that as a compliment. So if you say someone is really posh, they have posh accent, what you’re doing is you're being a little bit negative. You're saying they're pretentious. Pretty much. 就是有点装. 对吧？装着高大上的感觉. Pretentious and also snobbish as well. Snobbish means... meaning you look down on other people, you think you're better. But keep in mind. Posh is very subtle. If you use it to describe things, locations, it's good, it means luxurious, expensive; but use it to describe people usually quite negative, it focuses more on snobbery and pretentious. Yes, that's right. But that still hasn't answered the question. What is posh? Seriously, what is... well I know you're not. I'm not, very much, common as Muck. What is posh? Is it just higher class? Mostly, yes. Now to be posh is not just about money. Is you have a certain family background, you have a certain identity around kind of where you live, what you do and also the people that you hang out with. It still sounds really vague. I mean if only there’s some sort of criteria. Funny you should say that, there was actually a survey in 2021 on how do you know if someone is posh？ Okay, let's hear that. So these are the top 10 signs that someone is posh. 大家听听这个英国人自己评选出来的10条, 这10条如果你都中了或者中了绝大多数, 你就是英国人眼里的posh. So let's hear it. So number one, you went to boarding school. Isn't boarding school just when you actually live in school on campus就是寄宿学校. In China boarding school is just... boarding is just a function. Yeah, no, in the UK, boarding school or private school is incredibly posh because they're very expensive.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ In Chinese culture, the seventh month of the Lunar Calendar holds special significance. It is known as “Ghost Month” 鬼月and hosts the so-called “Ghost Festival” (鬼节) on the 15th of the ghost month. Several Asian countries celebrate the annual Ghost Festival, which is also referred to as either “Zhongyuan Festival” or Yulanpen Festival盂兰盆节. The festival finds it origins in Buddhism, Taoism and Chinese folk beliefs. 中元节，民间俗称七月半，七月十五，祭祖节，佛教则称其为盂兰盆节。在统治者推崇道教的唐代，道教的中元节开始兴盛，逐渐将“中元”固定为节名，并相沿迄今。 Ghost Month 鬼月 Ghost Festival 鬼节 Buddhism 佛教 Yulanpen Festival 盂兰盆节 Taoism 道教 Zhongyuan festival 中元节 Folk belief 民间信仰 Ever since ancient times, Chinese people had the ritual of paying tribute to their ancestors in the middle of the seventh month on the night of the full moon. Taoist doctrine holds that the three basic elements that generate everything in the universe are heaven, earth and water, namely sanyuan or “three elements". The official of heaven brings blessings during Shangyuan (Lantern Festival). The official of earth absolves sins during Zhongyuan Festival, while the official of water dispels disasters during Xiayuan Festival. 自古以来，每年农历七月半满月的晚上，人们有祭拜先祖的习俗。道教将宇宙中万物归为三类：天，地，水，又叫做三元，并以三元配三官，说天官赐福，地官赦罪，水官解厄。上元天官正月十五日生，对应的是上元节（元宵节）；中元地官七月十五日生，对应的是中元节（鬼节）；下元水官十月十五日生，对应的是下元节（比较不受重视，没有小名）。 Pay tribute to one’s ancestors 祭祖 Bring blessing 赐福 Absolve sins 赦罪 Dispel disaster 解厄