Campaign financed according to Eu Regulation No. 2021/2115 可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ 人物介绍： Matteo, wine expert from Italy and the senior manager in sales & marketing at the largest wine importer in China; has extensive experience in the wine industry in promoting Italian wines. Daisy, expert in brand promotion specializing in creating demands for foreign brands. Keywords l Introduction and backgrounds of the guests l Current state of prosecco in the Chinese market. l What factors have contributed to the growing popularity of prosecco in China in recent years? Hi, everyone. And welcome back to the show. Today we have in our studio two special guests, one of them you may still remember from our previous episodes on Prosecco. So Matteo is from Italy. He's a wine expert and the senior manager in sales & marketing at the largest wine importer in China. He has extensive experience in the wine industry in promoting Italian wines, including prosecco in China as well. Now another interesting fact is that he himself is from Veneto as some of you might know, that's one of the prosecco regions; and another guest, new guest, Daisy, she is an expert in brand promotion specializing in creating demands for foreign brands. Welcome to the show Matteo, Daisy. Hi, Lulu. Hi Lulu. I know I’ve introduced both of you, but could you also give our audience a little bit of introduction about what you're doing right now, your background? Daisy, would you like to start. Sure. My name is Daisy. I am the founder of a company that creates demand for foreign brands in China. I was born in Hong Kong and educated in Spain, the UK, the Netherlands and China. So I would say I have a pretty deep understanding of why and what consumer buy in the China market being Chinese myself. And we've worked across different industries mainly in F&B (food and beverage). We work with big consumer brands, global brands. We also work with independent producers and also restaurants and bars and whatnot. So I would say that our understanding of the wine and prosecco market, it's more psychology focused and also more broad. That's exactly the sort of insights we're looking for. Okay. Thank you, Daisy. And Matteo, please. Hi lulu. Hi Daisy. Hi everyone. My name is Matteo. I work in China right now, I’ve worked in this business for 22 years. I’ve done everything from farming, planting vines, selling wines, passing through production, distribution, importation; I work in F&B as well, of course marketing, sales, worked in Italy restaurant, I worked in different countries and cities like New York, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Dubai, Maldives, Shanghai now. So I think I know one or two things in wine industry. I’m sure you're being modest by saying one or two things. All right, let's dive right into your impressions of the current state of prosecco in the Chinese market. I'll direct this question to Matteo first because you obviously work directly in the wine industry. Yes, current state of prosecco in Chinese market is it’s a product that satisfies a wide range of palates in the situation where people don’t want to spend money on expensive stuff, including F&B, that’s something I have to say. Mhm. They tend to see good price per value products. And prosecco actually falls into this category. So people still want to drink, they basically go for, let’s say more friendly choices definitely. We may also take into consideration that not many people in China drink prosecco, so the per capita consumption is really low, I saw some data saying that 30 million drink imported wines at least once a month in China, which is little. The per capita consumption is 0.6,0.8 Yeah.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Trauma Dumping. Now this word is so new that it doesn't even have an official Chinese translation. 这个词由于太新了, 我甚至都没有找到一个特别好以及特别官方的中文翻译, 咱们暂且把它翻译成 “创伤倾倒”或者 “创伤倾泻”. When we talk about dumping, we tend to think about dumping of waste, 比如工业的废水废料的倾倒. So what is trauma dump? First of all, I'm sure some of you heard of the word trauma. Trauma在心理学上主要指的是这种创伤创伤性事件. So trauma dumping refers to the oversharing of difficult emotions and thoughts with others. Now the key word here is oversharing. 所谓的trauma dumping, 就是这种会把自己的负面情绪, 特别是这种创伤体验过度分享的行为 oversharing, 这就让我想到了中国文学里面一个经典人物就是祥林嫂. I guess that is the type of trauma dumping. It is not a clinical term used by mental health providers. So it's not like an official word, but on social media you see it used more and more often. People who engage in trauma dumping often share traumatic events or stressful situations with others during inappropriate times. 除了刚才说的oversharing, 还有一个特点就是他们会不顾对方的感受, 不分时间, 不分场合, 不合时宜的去跟别人过度分享. During inappropriate times. And also the shared information is usually unsolicited, which means the listener did not ask for their Information. This often leaves the listener feeling overwhelmed, uncomfortable, or even traumatized themselves. 因为这里听者并不是主动的去问的, 经过了对方的这样的一系列的创伤倾泻之后, 这个听的人往往会感觉到overwhelmed, 因为别人过度沉重的人生情绪上或者心理上你很难承受, 然后会觉得不适, 甚至会觉得traumatized themselves, 自己也经历了这种创伤. This is a phenomenon called secondary trauma. 有二手烟就有二手创伤. According to therapists, trauma dumping doesn't facilitate healing. It doesn't make the victim or the person who's doing the trauma dumping heal while it may provide short term relief to the person doing it. Ultimately, it doesn't help either party and leaves the listener feeling burdened and helpless. 专业的心理医生就说, 这种trauma dumping其实并不是特别的健康, 因为它不光会让被动听着你创伤体验的对象感觉非常不适, 甚至也受到二手创伤, 而且就算对于宣泄的人本身来说, 也并不能起到真正的疗愈作用. So how do you recognize trauma dumping? The biggest red flag is if the listener has no chance to talk or share their own emotions, the person on the receiving end of these thoughts and emotions often feels overwhelmed and helpless because they aren't sure how to respond or may not be given an opportunity to respond. 我们怎么样能认出来一个人是不是在trauma dump? 最简单的就是看这个听trauma dump的人, ta是否有机会真正的表达自己的看法, 还是一味的被动的接受. 很多这种trauma dumping的被动接受者, ta们会觉得非常不适一个原因就是ta不知道应该做出什么样的回应. 比如说你在对我trauma dump, 然后你说的事情都是特别heavy, 特别沉重, 特别创伤性的, 然后我又不是一个心理医生, 不是一个专业人士, 我完全不知道怎么安慰你, 我也不知道该怎么回应.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Keywords To wrap up the travel discussion with some of the problems -Weather issues -Delays and cancellations -Crimes -Unspoken rules about certain places But having said all of that, there are also some problems. I think we're going to wrap up the travel discussion with some of the problems because we don't want to sugarcoat it for people who are listening and haven't really traveled that much. It's not always... It's not always perfect. It's not always perfect. There are some miserable moments, for example, if the weather is bad, weather really makes or breaks your first impression of a city. I don't know to be honest, I've been to cities where it's been like terrible weather but I went travelling in November. It just shows a different side of the city. It means that you go into like a cosy pub or you go into a cosy cafe which is quite fun. I can see there’s a theme, so basically your traveling experience is just going around the world getting drunk, with different alcohol in different pubs. OK. That might be a point. And going to language lessons to learn how to order drinks. Why not? I'm on holiday. Yeah. I don't know, weather is really something that makes or breaks my moods, my experience. Obviously I would feel great about a city, a new destination if it's perfect weather, for me it's sunny dry, if it's wet, I wouldn't really like the city that much. We got weather. Obviously you got delays and cancellations. Yeah, delays and cancellations. This especially when it's not even weather. It's like caused by human activities like strikes. The longest delay I've ever had is like 24 hours. Because of what? Strikes? Weather. And that's one of the reasons why I don't like flying is that trains are very rarely delayed, but planes, I've been on so many delayed planes in my time. That's actually one of the reasons why I hate going by plane anywhere. But I had also the experiences of being delayed on the train. I also had experiences of getting on the train and the train moved forward a bit and move start moving backwards. Okay. I thought you just got lost. Yeah. There are tracks I doubt very much. But have you ever experienced any crimes? Yes, I once went somewhere and I met with a friend of mine. Her dad was the former chief of police in that city. I was with them and someone stole my camera. That's bold. Right underneath the nose of the former police chief. I know and bless him he was so embarrassed. He took me to the police station. Obviously everyone at the police station recognized him. I had to fill out a form for my insurance. I think he was more embarrassed about it than me.

索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ How to save money? Red-eye flight 红眼航班 Budget airlines 廉航 ·airports are far away ·hidden costs Couch surfing 沙发冲浪 (risky) Hitchhiking 搭顺风车 (risky) What you can do at the destination. Sightseeing 观光游览 Trying local food 品尝当地美食 Buying souvenirs 购买纪念品 Off the beaten track 另辟蹊径 City walk 城市漫步 Join a food tour 参加美食之旅 Language lessons 语言体验课 Scavenger hunt 寻宝游戏 ... I think that leads on to the next topic “how to save money?”. I don't know I used to take red-eye flights. Same here. 红眼航班, 也就是差不多12点或者半夜之后出发的航班. I actually prefer ride red-eye flights... Because you can go to sleep. I can sleep on planes now. Because I'm traveling backs and forwards to the UK so often now that I can actually sleep on planes. So I don't like planes like during the day because you can't really sleep and it's too bright. But when you arrive, you still have to push through, although is your bedtime. And also budget airlines I think we both did budget airlines so 廉航, those budget to the ridiculous degree that they would charge you to go to toilets. Well, they said they were gonna do that. Thankfully they tried, thankfully they didn't. But the only thing with budget airlines is that the airports are so far away. So for example in London, one of the main budget airline airports is about 50-60 miles away from London. So that's what, like 70 kilometers as literally in another city. It is. Budget airlines, and there are also hidden costs. 廉航有很多隐藏的收费. You look at the price and you think this is so cheap, but most of us will have a check-in luggage and they charge you exorbitant price with the check-in luggage. Yeah. Ad if you want to select your seat, they charge you for that. And if you want to check in without a boarding card at the airport, they charge you for that. Everything, you have to pay for everything and they're very strict about that. Yes. So I don't really take budget airlines for longer trips just a... very like an hour and half trip. Not more than an hour and half, but the thing with budget airlines is that you really have to kind of explore because after you pay for all of additional features, the additional baggage and things like that, a normal regular flight might still be cheaper. And the other ways that people talk about in terms of money saving or budgeting, I think they're very risky like couch surfing, for example, that was popular for a while就是所谓的沙发客. You basically stay in someone's, let's just say spare couch. I don't really think women should do that in this day and age, it’s way too risky. Couch surfing, hitchhiking. They are a bit dangerous. Personally I've never done them myself. Don't hitchhike, like for example, if you are a woman and then you are traveling alone, definitely don't hitchhike. But if you're like, a really beefy, really big guy, you can hitchhike, but nobody's gonna take you. Exactly. They're gonna think that you're gonna be a murderer or something like that. Exactly. So either way搭顺风车这个事情, 其实大家有时候在电影电视里面看到, 但是真的...OK, some of you might have had the experience and said you had a lovely experience, you met wonderful people. But that could just be because you're extremely lucky. It could be.

搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ But that aside, let's get to the actual travels. Let's start packing first. Okay. Are you someone who travel light? I travel light and I travel really, really organized. Why am I not surprised? I'm the opposite. I know. I've seen how you've packed, so travel light for me, I have like one small backpack. I tried to fit what I can in it and just try and get everything into it. And normally like small toiletries, travel size toiletries, things like that. Let me guess you have the entire set of all of these travel equipments like travel set, toiletries, 什么旅行装的那些洗漱用具. I bet you have packing cubes. I do have packing cubes. Packing cubes are these little bags like you can put into your big luggage or suitcase so that they will keep your luggage organized. I do have packing cubes, they're brilliant. My idea of packing is really just throw...chuck everything... is just to chuck everything in within the probably the last half an hour. Okay, I can't do that. I would like to say I power pack. No, you just pack really badly, so for me for example I have a special pouch where it's got all of my cables that I need. I just prefer to travel very organized. I always keep... because I travel so much, I always keep my bag essentially packed so that I travel light, I can throw what I need in the bag and then I can go. 我记得很早之前有一次安澜第一次看到我pack的时候, 他已经忍不住要jump in to say, can I do this for you please because you are hurting my brains. Yes, it was not pretty. And this is also why and I'm the opposite of traveling light. So I generally have like checking luggage sometimes excess luggage. I have excess luggage if I'm bringing stuff back from the UK, but if I'm traveling I pretty much try to fit everything into one bag. I see, and one more question. yes. Unpacking, are you the type of person that comes back home from a long flight and then you immediately unpack? Yes. God, how am I not surprised, it takes me a whole week to even start to realize hang on a minute I need to unpack. No, I unpack straight away. But, again as I say, I always keep one of my bags. I keep that semi packed, so that… You have a to-go bag? Yes, of course I got a to-go bag. Why, you're not a paramedic. No, but I travel a lot, so it saves a lot of time and make sure I got everything altogether in my bag. Ok, so everything packed. Let's set off on the journey. What kind of transport I actually know your answer because I know you so well.

Packing /Unpacking Travel light and organized or the opposite? On the journey Transport-交通 Flight 飞机 Train 火车 Coach 长途汽车 Cruise/ship 邮轮/船 But that aside, let's get to the actual travels. Let's start packing first. Okay. Are you someone who travel light? I travel light and I travel really, really organized. Why am I not surprised? I'm the opposite. I know. I've seen how you've packed, so travel light for me, I have like one small backpack. I tried to fit what I can in it and just try and get everything into it. And normally like small toiletries, travel size toiletries, things like that. Let me guess you have the entire set of all of these travel equipments like travel set, toiletries, 什么旅行装的那些洗漱用具. I bet you have packing cubes. I do have packing cubes. Packing cubes are these little bags like you can put into your big luggage or suitcase so that they will keep your luggage organized. I do have packing cubes, they're brilliant. My idea of packing is really just throw...chuck everything... is just to chuck everything in within the probably the last half an hour. Okay, I can't do that. I would like to say I power pack. No, you just pack really badly, so for me for example I have a special pouch where it's got all of my cables that I need. I just prefer to travel very organized. I always keep... because I travel so much, I always keep my bag essentially packed so that I travel light, I can throw what I need in the bag and then I can go. 我记得很早之前有一次安澜第一次看到我pack的时候, 他已经忍不住要jump in to say, can I do this for you please because you are hurting my brains. Yes, it was not pretty. And this is also why and I'm the opposite of traveling light. So I generally have like checking luggage sometimes excess luggage. I have excess luggage if I'm bringing stuff back from the UK, but if I'm traveling I pretty much try to fit everything into one bag. I see, and one more question. yes. Unpacking, are you the type of person that comes back home from a long flight and then you immediately unpack? Yes. God, how am I not surprised, it takes me a whole week to even start to realize hang on a minute I need to unpack. No, I unpack straight away. But, again as I say, I always keep one of my bags. I keep that semi packed, so that… You have a to-go bag? Yes, of course I got a to-go bag. Why, you're not a paramedic. No, but I travel a lot, so it saves a lot of time and make sure I got everything altogether in my bag. Ok, so everything packed. Let's set off on the journey. What kind of transport I actually know your answer because I know you so well.

Hi, everyone. And welcome back to 酒馆. Hi, 安澜. Hi, lulu. Hi, everyone. So what are we going to talk about today? Well, next month I'm going on my holidays. So let's talk about travel. Hang on a minute, you're talking about us going to Europe. Yeah. That's not really a holiday. That's like a work trip. You will get some days off. Anyway it's going to be traveling, so even if we are going to be working some of the time, I'm sure we'll get some time off, well, hopefully, or I wanna get overtime. You're traveling with a workaholic. We’ll see. We'll see about that. But we're more excited to show you guys around places that we go to. Yes, we're gonna be showing you around Germany and Poland in our live streams. If we can get the signal. If we can get the signals, yes. Otherwise we're gonna shoot videos and do other things and hopefully continue to live stream in some way. In some way or another. So I thought maybe today we can talk about traveling. Absolutely Big topic and I know this is a topic that both of us have a lot to say about. I absolutely love traveling, traveling for me is, I know it's meant to be a luxury but really I love traveling so much, even if I don't have much money, I would still want to spend that money on traveling. So other people spend it on bread, you will spend it on traveling. Yes, and hopefully I will get bread when I'm traveling. That's a dream, isn't it? Yes. In this whole discussion, I think it will be like a few episodes of discussion and this will cover pretty much all aspects of traveling from the desire to travel, to transport, to packing, to things we do in the destination and then also like accommodation, things to watch out for, so on and so forth. So if you're a keen traveler, you're in for treat. Well, I would say let's start with the desire to travel. Well, the desire to travel. I've heard of this expression, which is really funny. It's having itchy feet. 英文里如果直接把它翻译成中文就是脚痒痒. You sure that's not like a foot fungus issue. No, it's not, having itchy feet means it's the desire that you really want to travel so you would say to people I'm really getting itchy feet, I really want to go on holiday or I really want to go traveling. I suppose put in that context, everyone would know that you want to move. Yes. You basically want to get out of your routine and travel and see more of the world, I've also heard of a word wonderlust which is supposed to be German, right? Yeah, it's wonder means sort of walk around and lust is desire, so essentially is the desire to walk around. For example, if you're in a new place that desired that you want to go and explore everything that is a form of wonder lust.

＋小助手VX 【luluxjg2】领取全文稿哦~~ Hi, everyone. And welcome back to the segment called It Means What? Yeah. Hi, 安澜。 Hello. 欢迎大家回来【词源考古研究所】这个板块. So in this segment, we're going to explore the interesting origin of words and phrases. So 安澜, what is the word for today? Not so much a word but a phrase. Okay. 是短语 Spill the beans. Spill the beans, it sounds familiar, spill是倒出来, 然后beans是豆子. Yeah. Is it something about secrets? It is, if you say you spill the beans, that means you accidentally tell a secret or you intentionally tell a secret. Oh, to spill the beans. I think we talked about something similar, was it “let the cat out of the bag”, 把猫放出口袋也是accidentally reveal a secret. But this can be intentionally or accidentally. Spill the beans. So I can say he accidentally spilled the beans, but I can also say 安澜spill the beans, tell me the secret. Yes, but why beans？ It actually comes from ancient Greek voting practices. So we go back to ancient Greeks again. Yes. When they were voting, if they wanted to say yes, they would use a white stone or a bean to mean “yes” and a black one for “no”. 所以没有用纸写字的时候, 古希腊就是这样子来投票的. Yes. 一个白色的豆子或者石头, 小石块就是Yes. And black one means no. When they collected all of the beans or the stones, then they will count them and they'll make a decision. I suppose they just put it in some sort of container. Nobody can see what they put in. Exactly, if someone spills the beans that literally means they accidentally or intentionally knock it over. So the secret results of the election are revealed before they intended them to be revealed. I see, that's why spill the beans is to reveal the results that should have been kept a secret at that point. There's quite a few expressions that come from this type of voting practice. For example, you might have heard the expression black ball. Oh, I've heard of that expression to black ball someone就是要“黑球”某个人. I think that means to keep someone outside like to reject someone. Yes, because the black bean or black stone was meant no. So it means no, that means that they don't want that person to join their club or join their society. To blackball someone simply means I voted “no”, like I say no to you exactly to exclude you. Precisely. Actually 安澜, have you ever heard of the new expression “spill the tea” which is all over the internet? I've heard that so many times, so many times. 最近这几年在社交媒体上火了一个词叫spill the tea, tea就是喝的茶. It's not exactly the same, but “spill the tea” means shared a gossip especially like scandal. 就是赶快爆料有什么大瓜, 惊天大瓜. If I say to 安澜, do you know anything about those two? Are they dating? Are they cheating on their spouses? and like spill the tea. I'm useless at gossip. I never know anything.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg2】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu, hi, everyone. Can I propose a topic today? Okay. Don't worry, it's nothing weird. Are you sure? I'm pretty sure. Okay. Lately also on Chinese social media, you see a lot of articles about your Princess of Wales, Kate, because there was a lot of gossip and discussion about how she is recovering from cancer and she hasn't really had any public appearance. She finally appeared for the first time in months at a very important ceremony apparently called... was it something color? The Trooping of the Color. The Trooping of the Color, troop as in army, military? Yeah. 中文里我看到过有很多不一样的翻译版本, 有人把它翻译成什么彩旗飘扬, 彩旗游行, 或者只要按这个意思说是皇家阅兵式. Yes, it's a very unique ceremony. I don't think it happens in many countries. I'm not sure if anyone does know, please correct me. It's very ceremonial. It is. The Troop of the Color marks the official birthday of the British sovereign. So like the British King or Queen, 这个皇室的要不是国王, 要不是女王的official birthday, 官方生日. So that's not their real birthday? The King or Queen has two birthdays, their real one and their official birthday in June. Why in June, for any special reasons? Mainly because of the weather. I can understand. 我们之前聊英国的天气的时候, 就说特别是伦敦, 基本上你唯一能保证天气比较好, 也就是6月后半段7月前半段这个时候. So no matter what the weather is like, the ceremony still goes ahead. So the last Trooping of the Colour last week was actually done in pouring rain. It was really really heavy rain in London but they still carry on the ceremony. They just get wet. Even in June? Even in June. So no matter what their real birthdays or when their real birthdays are or were, they always had the same official birthday? It's normally a Saturday in June. So it’s not a set date? It’s not a set date. I see. It looks like a pretty traditional historical ceremony. It is. It dates back to the 18th century. So the color or colors refer to the regiments’ flag. Regiments, what does that mean? A regiment is a unit of soldiers. Like, for example, infantry? Yeah, so you have an infantry regiment, you have... Navy maybe? Navy, you can't, navy doesn't really have regiments because you have a ship. Ok. 这是不是有点兵团那个概念? It is. 什么团步兵团这样. So everybody has it’s own name. For example, the regiments that take part in Trooping of the Color are the King's own personal regiments. He's guards. I'm getting really confused. So not your military force? Okay, this is why it gets a bit confusing. You said the King's own military force.

＋小助手VX 【luluxjg2】获取全文稿哦~~ Welcome back to geek time advanced. How are you doing lulu? Hi Brad. I'm doing fine. So are we gonna talk about aliens and pyramids? Exactly. We talk about aliens a lot on the podcast and aliens are very interesting. And whenever there's some idea, whenever we have an idea that we don't really understand, we can easily just go to aliens. It's so convenient, isn't it? Aliens did it. Although when I was growing up, obviously learning about pyramids, all of these great ancient architectures, we generally attribute it to the wisdom of ancient people. However, there's another way to look at it. Exactly. There are people out there who truly believe in the whole theory of aliens have something to do or had something to do with pyramids. Mhm. Exactly. One of the theories posits that aliens either helped people create the pyramids or forced them to create the pyramids, so they could use them as landing sites for their spacecraft. I'm sorry, that is a bit silly. If they want to use it as a landing pad, why would they just use the ground? Why would they use the pointing stuff that is like the most... I think that is the most uncomfortable way to park your spaceship on top of the Egyptian pyramid. What we can kind of get into it a little bit later with some of Tesla’s thoughts, but the shape might have been on purpose right? There might be a reason for the shape and so we'll come back to that a little bit later. But a lot of people think that they might have been built by the aliens to be landing pads for their spaceships. Yeah, but you said they either helped or forced humans. I have something to say about that. I mean, logically, why would they help humans build that? For what reason, to what end? If they forced humans, what kind of power that they could tower over human? And if they had that level of power, why wouldn't they have just taken over earth? See, this would be my logic. There's a few theories. I think we might have talked about panspermia, but in the past, there's this idea that the aliens actually put us here. They put the humans on earth and helped us in our evolution to become to the point where we're at today. So they can use us as workers in the future. Oh, my god! Are we just a giant ant farm for the aliens? That's what some people believe. So the aliens it takes a long time to travel through the universe. So every time they come to earth, thousands of years might pass. And so people kind of forget that the fact that there are aliens out there; or if they do, they don't really believe because they haven't seen them in generations. And so it is a possibility. That is just a sad possibility. That reminds me of one of the episodes in Rick and Morty, like the Miniverse. So you realize your entire universe is just someone's car factory. Hahaha. That's possible. They sort of like make you work, brainwash you to work, so that by working it, by paddling something, you get so called money and live and salary. But in fact, you're just slaving away for whoever created your universe. You're just slaving away so that their car has battery. That could be, I think it's a lot less likely, but that with the pyramids and that we actually have some sort of, I wouldn't say it's evidence, because people could have easily made the pyramids. There's videos of a man who shows possible engineering techniques that people could have used. I mean he shows how he could move a rock a huge rock by himself, just using a few simple tools made of wood and rope. I'm very human centric. Yeah. So I still rather believe it was our ancestors, common human ancestors, that had the great wisdom, to move things, to make things, beyond we think, are their technological limitations and barriers. Yeah. I don't know if we've talked about Atlantis before but... Oh, we should, in the future. We haven't, but we should.

加小助手VX luluxjg2领取全文稿~ 1) Ride shotgun (sit in the seat next to the driver) a. This comes from the Wild West where the person who sat next to the driver carried a shotgun. b. This was so he could shoot anyone trying to rob the coach. Hi, everyone. And welcome back to the segment called It Means What? Yoho~ Now that's new. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu, hi, everyone. 欢迎大家回来【词源考古研究所】. So in this segment, we're going to explore the interesting origin of words and phrases. 安澜, actually, can I propose the word or the phrase for today? Yeah, why not? Because I always ask you what do we have for today? There's one thing and I'm sure a lot of our audience would share my confusion, which is, you know that a lot of times you watch like especially American TV show, you have these kids or really immature adults when they jump into the seat next to the driver they would say “I call shotgun”. 不知道大家在美剧里面有没有看过, 我不知道英国人会不会这么说. We understand it, but we don't say anything. It’s an American thing. 对, 看美剧的时候, 就有很多小朋友或者那种心智不太成熟的成年人, 他们会跳到副驾的位置, 然后就说 I call shotgun, 你看到底下的字幕翻译一般都是说 “我抢了副驾的位置, 我抢了”。 I always wondered sitting next to the driver, what does that have to do with shotgun which is a weapon. Yes. Ride shotgun or sit up front is sitting in the seat next to the driver. It actually comes from the Wild West. The Wild West, is it like the all of those western movies? Exactly. When you had cowboys and America was expanding west. 就是美国西部那种西部片, 也是like you draw your gun and shoot at each other, cowboys, that sort of thing. The whole idea that it was a lawless environment. There are not many people, there was lots of fights, cowboys, bandits. So back then apparently the person who sat next to the driver in a stagecoach carried a shotgun. Hang on, what is the stagecoach? A stagecoach is a horse carriage, but it's almost like public transport, so it goes a set route. It's normally covered and it is used for post and also for carrying passengers. It's kind of like the horse drawn version of a bus. Just the smaller version of it. Mini bus. A horse drawn version of minibus. Exactly. So it's called a stagecoach because it used to travel different stages of the journey. 公共马车那种感觉. So the person who sat next to the driver carried a shotgun. So he could shoot anyone who tried to rob the coach. So it’s kind of like a bodyguard. Almost like a bodyguard, because also there were attacks from bandits. They were also attacks from wild animals. If we believe in any of these Wild West movies, it's really like you said, it was a lawless place. Everyone was shooting each other really wild. So that's why they say ride shotgun because the person who sat next to the driver had to carry a shotgun to protect the driver. You know what this reminds me of, when we were doing China Story, the course, you remember when we were talking about swordsman, talking about Chinese martial arts, say these kung fu masters, they would become like armed escorts. Yeah, it's the same idea. Exactly the same idea有点. 像我们押镖的那种人一样. And then they have this shotgun and they were just protecting the coach.

Hi, everyone. And welcome back to Geek Time. 欢迎回来极客时间. Hi, Brad. Hi Lulu. So what are we going to talk about today? Have you ever seen the pyramids? The pyramids金字塔吗? I haven't really been to Egypt. I always wanted to go. Pyramids aren't only in Egypt. They're all over the world. Have you been to like Mexico, maybe? Yeah. In that case, I have seen pyramids actually. Thanks for reminding me. I've seen pyramids in Mexico. Yeah, a lot of times when mentioned the pyramids, people think of the Great Pyramids of Egypt, but there have been pyramids all over the world, which makes people really think that there is something else going on here. There's pyramids in Sudan, Mexico, Italy, Peru, not just Africa, but in like South America as well, which is a whole another world away. But they're all slightly different. I mean, obviously we're more probably, our audience are more familiar with the pyramids in Egypt, which is pointy at the top, but like the pyramids in South America, in Central America, like Mexico. I went to Teotihuacán and the pyramids there at the top is not pointy, is like a flat type. Yeah. There's... the general shape is fairly similar, but some of the aspects of the pyramids are different. It could be based on their beliefs and what they use the pyramids for, but they're all different sizes, but they all generally have the same general shape. If you think about it, it is a mysterious thing, isn't it? If many different ancient civilizations across continents are building or were building more or less the same sort of thing. What's that about? Yeah. It's not only just that they're very similar in shape, some of the designs, some of the decorations that they put on the pyramids are very similar. Some of the faces, some of the other additions they've made to pyramids were very similar even from Africa to South America. So let's dive a little bit deeper into the topic of pyramids. First of all, when were they built, Egyptian ones were built like 5,000 years ago? Yeah, so according to most historians, the pyramids were built about 5,000 years ago, ancient Egypt only really emerged about 6,000 years ago. Some of the other pyramids were built about 2,000 years ago. Recently, there has been some other pyramids found such as GÖBEKLI TEPE, which is found in Turkey. 这个叫什么哥贝克利石阵，就在土耳其发掘. That was in the 19th, right? It was discovered very very recently compared with the other things. Right. Yeah. So people have known about the great pyramids for a long time yet they're easily seen. GÖBEKLI TEPE was partially underground. And so a lot of people didn't even see it. It looks like it was covered up. But a lot of the things they found around the site are about 12,000 years old. Wow. So like if those things are on top of the pyramid, and so that means the pyramid must be older than that.