可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Welcome back to Geek Time, advanced. This is Brad. How's it going? Lulu? Hi, Brad. It's going. All right. So I thought we'd get back into talking about liminal spaces. Woo, spooky. Yeah. Now what really started liminal spaces as being part of today's like vernacular things people talk about, it’s something that happened on Reddit. There's whole discussion boards for people to post pictures that evoke this feeling of liminality. Hang on a minute. Yeah. This for those of you who don't really know Reddit. Reddit有点像国内比如说百度贴吧这样的一个存在, 或者更早, 还有什么天涯, 基本上这样的一个存在. It's basically discussion boards, right? Reddit. Right. Community discussions. Yeah. So you mean people are posting pictures that trigger or evoke this liminality feeling, so these eerie pictures? Yeah, but at first people were just posting interesting pictures that they would see. And then people started talking about, oh I think I've been there before that I kind of have Deja Vu. And so the whole feeling of liminality started like showing up. And then people started thinking “I think I was there when I was a kid” that's possible because when buildings are created, they're often built with similar techniques or similar paints and things like that. So you see one building from your childhood, then you see another one maybe from across the country. It could possibly be very similar “oh, I think I've been there, but I've never been to that city before”. So it started off as being quite nice. It started off as some sort of nostalgia, but then it just turned eerie. Like some people started seeing pictures and they just see it and they can't really place it and they don't really understand where it came from. And so people just start getting really weird feelings and it's, it can be something similar to like that whole idea of the uncanny valley. When you see something just like really makes me uncomfortable when I see this. I don't know why. Yeah. Uncanny valley, I think we have talked about this before就是恐怖谷效应. It's like when a doll or like a machine looks really...or a robot looks really, very very similar to a human, but you know it's not a human. Then that gives you that uncanny valley sensations, same as places, I think, with liminal spaces. It looks like the place that you have been, it gives you the sense of Deja Vu, but you know it's not. For sure, it's like sometimes when people see pictures, it gives you that nostalgia feeling. But when you see a photo and you think I've been there but I can't place it. I don't know why I have this feeling like I've been there. Something in your brain gets triggered and it gives you not a good feeling, gives you a bad feeling. Yeah. If we talk about that, we cannot not talk about the Back Rooms. Yeah. One of the first pictures that the kind of like sparked off the whole liminality debate or discussion was the Back Rooms. Back Rooms是叫后室, 就是办公室的那个室, 后室Back Rooms. It's a game, isn't it? Originally, it just started off as a picture and then became a video. Someone posted a video connected to this whole idea of the back rooms. And then it turned into a game. But, yeah, so first it was just a picture and someone you start to say, I think I've been there, and then like I had a dream about this place, and in the dream, it was just a place that would go on forever and ever, no matter what they did, they couldn't find an exit and things were following them. And then there was a video posted on line. This is a very strange word, but it's called a no clip. A no clip? A no clip is when you hit something in the world and merging with that makes you go into another dimension or into another place. The whole idea came from video games when your figure in the game went through a wall where it shouldn't actually go through the wall, and then it ends up in a place where it's not supposed to be. (no clip无碰撞模式：一种在计算机游戏中的“作弊模式”，允许玩家穿过墙壁、地形和其他物体，不受碰撞检测的限制。) 就不可能的空间. And that's back rooms.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ It was the second morning after Christmas. I visited my friend Sherlock Holmes to give him my good wishes for the holiday season. I found the great detective lying on the sofa. He was smoking his favorite pipe. Next to the sofa stood a chair. On the chair’s back, there was a black hat. The hat was dirty and torn. A magnifying glass lay on the seat of the chair. Holmes had been looking at the hat. “You know Peterson, the doorman?” asked Holmes. “Yes,” said I. “He found this hat. He brought it here this morning—along with a good, fat goose. Right now the goose is cooking over Peterson’s fire.” I looked rather confused and Holmes continued to explain. “It is a strange story. It was four o’clock on Christmas morning. Peterson was walking home late. He had been at a little party. Peterson could see a man walking ahead of him. He was a tall man carrying a white goose over his shoulder. “The tall man got to the corner of Goodge Street. Just then a gang of hooligans came into the street. One of the young men knocked off the tall man’s hat. The tall man tried to fight back with his stick. Instead, he broke the window behind him. “Peterson rushed up to help the tall stranger. But at the sound of the breaking glass, the man dropped the goose and ran. He must have been afraid that Peterson was a policeman who would arrest him for breaking the glass. The gang ran away too. So Peterson was left with the goose—and this hat.” “Which, surely, he gave back to the owner?” asked I. “My dear fellow. There lies the problem. True, we know the NAME of the owner. See? Here’s a small card that was tied to the left leg of the goose. The card says, ‘For Mrs. Henry Baker.’ Then, here are the letters ‘H. B.’ inside the hat. So we’re pretty sure the tall man was Henry Baker. But there are thousands of people named Baker in London. And HUNDREDS of them must be named Henry. “Well, Peterson brought the hat to me. He kept the goose as long as he could. But today it had to be cooked or it would spoil. So Peterson took the goose home. He left the hat for me.” At that moment the door flew open. Peterson, the doorman, rushed into the room. His face was red. “The goose, Mr. Holmes! The goose, sir!” he gasped. “What about it?” asked Holmes. “See here, sir! See what my wife found inside!” He held out his hand. There lay a shining blue stone. It was no bigger than a bean in size. But it was so pure and bright that it twinkled like a star. Sherlock Holmes sat up. “My goodness, Peterson!” said he. “This is a treasure indeed. I suppose you know what you have there?” “Not the Countess of Morcar’s Blue Carbuncle!” I broke in. “Indeed,” Holmes replied. “I ought to know this stone’s size and shape. Haven’t I been reading about it in The Times every single day? The countess says she will give whoever finds it a thousand pounds.” “That’s right,” said Holmes. “It was on December twenty-second—just five days ago. The police have arrested a plumber named John Horner. I have the story here, I think.” He found the page he was looking for. He read the news story out loud. JEWEL ROBBERY AT HOTEL COSMOPOLITAN John Horner, a plumber, was arrested today. The police say he stole a jewel from the jewel case of the Countess of Morcar. The jewel is known as the Blue Carbuncle. Horner was arrested because of a story told by James Ryder. Ryder works for the hotel. Ryder said that he took Horner to the Countess of Morcar’s room to fix a pipe. That was on the very day of the robbery. Ryder stayed in the room for a while. But he was called away. Horner was left in the room alone. When Ryder got back, Horner was nowhere around. But the dresser had been forced open. A jewel box was lying on the dressing table. The box was empty. The police say that Horner put up a fight when he was arrested. “I didn’t do it!” Horner had cried. But Horner had once served time for

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone, and welcome back to Geek Time. 欢迎回来【极客时间】. Hi, Brad. Hey, lulu. So today I thought we can talk about something spooky. Like supernatural, ghost, vampires? No, actually spooky, but in a geeky way. All right. What are you thinking? I'm thinking we should talk about liminal space. Woo. That's always a fun topic. Hahahaha. Yeah. I know that you have heard of this. Oh, yeah, definitely. Emm. Liminal space可能对于我们很多听众小伙伴会是一个很陌生的概念, 即使用中文说出来, 你仍然会觉得很陌生。 但是如果你喜欢游戏啊什么的这种之类的, 或者也是一个geek的话, 你应该听过这个中文被翻译成阈限空间, 就是阈值的阈，阈限空间. Liminal spaces, it's actually getting really popular right now. Yeah. You see lots of videos on YouTube about it. Emm. On Chinese social media, well, I mean, within certain geeky circles, very popular. Haha, I think it's very popular on like Bilibili. So Brad give us a definition. What is a liminal space? Basically, it's kind of like, it's an empty space that gives you a feeling that it's abandoned and eerie. You feel like you've been there before, but because it's abandoned, you kind of feel like you shouldn't be there, but when you think about a liminal space, like the whole idea, like liminal, is something that's translated as being the threshold between two places kind of like a doorway. And so when you're kind of like in this transition, when you go from a world where there's lots of people, and then you go into this place where it seems like it's empty and abandoned. It's that whole feeling, it's like “I shouldn't be here. There's something wrong.” You can also think about it like more psychological terms. It's a place where it's a time in your life when you're going through a transition. Transition. Maybe from childhood to adulthood, or just any type of change in your life can be a liminal space. Yeah. Liminal space它有很多的这个含义. 但是，现在大家看到那些有点恐怖游戏里面那种liminal space, 基本上，就是没有人的空间, 比如说 abandoned houses, abandoned hallway, abandoned mall, 然后像Brad刚才说的,这些地方, 虽然没有真正有怪物出现, 但是就会让你感觉下一秒，就这个地方会出现什么样的事情。你会觉得非常诡异, 你会觉得非常的不舒适。 I think they've also described liminal space as this space deep in our psyche, it's like the space between consciousness and unconsciousness. Yeah. This is why when you are talking about the place of transition, and like it's a space between two places. This is why it's very unsettling. I think this is the word probably that best used to describe liminal space, it’s very unsettling. Definitely, unsettling or eerie, that kind of feeling. Yeah. So let's talk about everyday liminal spaces, actually they’re everywhere in our life. Yeah. I mentioned a doorway. Oftentimes when people have something on their mind, they walk through a doorway. They forget what they were doing and why they were going into that room. That's kind of just because like your brain goes through this transition when you walk through a doorway, aside from doorways, stairways, hallways, bridges, a house when someone's moved out and there's no one has come back in yet. This is also a liminal space. Like abandoned space as well. Yeah. Like abandoned mall, abandoned hospital. All of these are rich soil for all of these horror films, actually I’m a huge fan of the horror genre. I mean, I've been watching horror films for all these years, like before I never really encountered the word liminal space, but a lot of those unsettling feelings that I got watching these all sorts of horror, a lot of them is because they're linked with liminal space. Even when no monster’s jumping out, it's still like abandoned house. Why do we find abandoned house, abandoned malls? Spooky or eerie. Right? It's the idea of liminal space. Yeah.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ In Chinese tradition, Qing Ming is a day for remembrance, a day for us to cherish the memory of our loved ones who passed away, and also to pay tribute to our ancestors. In the past few days, you could see on social media and also in many English-speaking programs, their long list of vocabulary related to Qing Ming, the rituals and the stories about this tradition. But this is not what I'm going to talk about in my show today, because for most of us, Qing Ming is not just about the theoretical knowledge and words on paper. It is connected to a very soft part of your heart. It is a day for remembrance, and especially if you have experienced the loss of loved one. So in my episode today, Lulu is going to share with you some of the sayings in English by people who have also lost someone, and they're trying to cherish their memory. 今天小酒馆里，就着清明我们来说说怀念。 In English, when someone passed away, you usually see the word “in the loving memory of …”, in the loving memory of someone who passed away. Sometimes it's very difficult to forget someone who gives you so much to remember. So let's look at some of these sayings from the famous to the anonymous. But love and emotions in these words are very genuine, all the same. The first saying of the day from the Greek playwright’s, Euripides欧里庇得斯, and he wrote: Come back, even as a shadow, even as a dream, 归来吧，哪怕只是一片影子一个梦境也好，归来吧。 Sometimes we can miss someone so much, but we don't even realize it. This is why in the second saying, it says: Sometimes memories sneak out of my eyes and roll down my cheeks. Sneak out means to secretly get out. So here memories turn into tears. 有时回忆会从眼角偷偷溜出来，滑落我的腮边。 We may not even realize how much we miss someone until we feel the tears. There are so many people in the world. Yet for us, there are only a few that truly matter, this is why saying number three said: Sometimes when one person is absent, the whole world seems depopulated. Depopulated means not having enough people. 明明只少了那么一个人, 整个世上却都冷清了. Sometimes when one person is absent, the whole world seems depopulated. I'm sure a lot of people feel like that when they've lost someone that matter to them the most.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ “No, no!” cried Holmes. “Don’t say a word to the cousin, I beg of you.” The manager raised his eyebrows at this response, but promised he wouldn’t. “I noticed when you were looking at your records,” said Holmes, “that you sold those casts on June 3rd last year. Could you tell me when Beppo was arrested?” “I can work it out from the pay list,” said the manager, referring to another file. “He was last paid on May 20th, so the arrest would have been around then.” Holmes thanked the manager and urged him once more to say nothing about our investigation. Then we headed back west. It was midafternoon by the time we managed to grab some lunch at a cafeteria. A newspaper on one of the tables announced, “Kensington Outrage: Murder by a Madman.” The report, by Horace Harker, was a highly sensational version of the incident he had described to us. Holmes propped it up on the salt and pepper shakers and read it while he ate. “This is very good, Watson,” he chuckled. “Listen to this ... It is satisfying to know that both Mr. Lestrade of the Metropolitan Police and Mr. Sherlock Holmes, the famous private detective, are of one mind as to the cause of this series of grotesque incidents: they arise, they say, from madness rather than deliberate crime. “The newspapers, Watson, can be very helpful, if you only know how to use them. And now, if you’ve finished eating, we shall return to Kensington and see what the manager of Harding Brothers has to say about this case.” The owner, Mr. Gerard Harding, turned out to be a polite and helpful little man. “Yes, sir, I’ve read the newspaper report. We sold Mr. Harker the bust some months ago. We ordered three of them from Gelder & Co. They’re all sold now.” “Who bought them?” asked Holmes. “Let me consult my sales book. Ah, here it is. One to Mr. Harker; one to Mr. Josiah Brown of Laburnum Villa, Laburnum Vale, Chiswick; and one to Mr. Sandeford of Lower Grove Road, Reading.” Holmes showed him the photograph, but Harding didn’t recognize the face in it. “Do you employ any Italians here?” Holmes asked. “Yes, we have several on our staff.” “And would any of them have been able to take a look in that sales book?” “I dare say it’s possible.” “Thank you for your help, Mr Harding.” “You’re very welcome, sir.”

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ In China we go to 民政局 for both getting married and getting divorced. Yeah. I know in the UK we talked about it for getting married. You have to go to like the council, sort of like the registry or like a civil... You have to go to what is called the registry office. The registry office.就登记大厅，就跟我们那个民政局差不多。 Yeah. Is this the same place you go to when you want to get divorce? No. No. To get divorce, you can actually do it online or you can go to a family court. Oh, I see, but either way you have to go to the court? The court needs to grant the conditional offer and then you're given time, normally about I think it's 20 weeks before they finalize the divorce. Is that a cool down period as well? 那个也是什么冷静期吗? It’s normally a cool down period. The idea of that period of time is to allow the husband and wife to discuss how best to proceed in terms of dividing assets. Oh. The pragmatics. It’s to allow them that time to plan what's gonna happen next. Because the reason why divorce can get very expensive is if both parties don't agree and then you get solicitors involved. Lawyers. Lawyers. And both of you would get solicitors. Exactly. And then you fight for everything. Yeah. And that's what can drag out a divorce case. So there are quite a few divorce cases where it's quite simple. They just say “okay, it's not working. You can take this, I'll take this, and that's it”. But obviously divorce sometimes it can't... divorce might not be that smooth. Emm. Not that amicable. Exactly.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi, everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu, hi, everyone. So, Lulu, what do you want to talk about today? Tell you what, let's talk about divorce. That's a very cheery happy subject. It's a pragmatic subject. I guess so. We talked about marriage before, if you remember. We did touch a little bit on divorce, but I don’t think we went into too much detail. I think we're mostly focused on sort of like the happy wedding, newly weds and all that. Well, I focused on that because I'm generally a happier person than you are. Yeah. But let's talk about divorce nonetheless. Okay. I think divorce rate is extremely high in the UK, if I remember correctly. It’s high, but it's actually at its lowest level since 1971. Divorce rate? The divorce rate. In the UK. But it's still quite high, 32% of marriages in the UK end in divorce. 32%, that's actually lower than I expected, to be honest. How much is it in China? I can't remember. You got me there. Actually, I don't know, but I think bits and pieces I've read it seems that the divorce rate in China now is higher than the UK, that's a depressing thought. Yeah. I've seen different figures for China and I've also seen different figures for the UK, but it seems to be around the 32% mark that seems to be the most common. Have you ever thought about the possibility of it dropping, like percentage-wise? It's just because fewer people get married nowadays. Probably yeah, I think that does have a really strong impact, there's so many couples that are common in law. Like common law marriage? Yeah. Civil partnership. Not civil partnerships. That's slightly different. OK, so common law就是事实婚姻那个概念, 对吧? Yeah. So, you live together, you just don't get that certificate. That’s it. That's pretty much it. For those of you who don't remember the marriage episode we did before. So, in the UK it is completely legal. I don't mean it that way, but like for two people to live together, they will have like the complete legal status as a married couple. Pretty much. I don't know the details of the law, but it's like, for example, for how long and how you are known to the neighbors. It's also mostly around assets. So, if, for example, they break up who gets what assets. You still have to divide the assets? 即使是这种同居的男女朋友, 只要是common law married, 他们之后分手的时候还是要分财产的. Exactly the same as a married couple. Pretty much. That's why some of my friends or friend’s friends in the UK, they've been together for decades. They just don't want that piece of paper. No, and in the UK, there's no stigma for not getting married. It's just very, very common. It's a personal choice.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Mr. Lestrade from London’s Metropolitan Police was a frequent visitor at 221B Baker Street, the home I shared with my friend, the famous detective Sherlock Holmes. Holmes always liked these visits because Lestrade would tell him all the latest news from the world of crime. In return, Holmes might give Lestrade some helpful suggestions for whatever case he was trying to solve. On one evening in June 1900, Lestrade was embarrassed when Holmes asked him what case he was working on. “It’s so ridiculous and stupid that I’m not sure if I want to even tell you,” he said. “On the other hand, although it’s not very important, it’s also strange, and I know you are interested in strange cases. In fact, it might be of more interest to Dr. Watson than to us.” I looked up when I heard my name. “Is it about disease, then?” I asked. “Disease of the mind, maybe,” said Lestrade, “only a madman would hate Napoleon so much that he would want to destroy every statue of him that he can find.” “You mean Napoleon Bonaparte, the former emperor of France?” I exclaimed. “That’s correct,” said Lestrade. “It’s become a case for the police because this man isn’t smashing his own statues of the French emperor—he’s committing burglary to destroy those belonging to other people.” “This does sound very interesting, Lestrade,” said Holmes. “Please tell me more.” Lestrade took out a notebook to look through the details. “The first case was reported four days ago,” he said. “It took place at Harrison’s Art and Antiques, a shop on Kennington Road in London. The assistant went into the back office for a moment when he heard a crash from the main shop. Hurrying back in, he found a plaster bust of Napoleon, which had been standing on the counter, lying in fragments on the floor. He rushed into the street but saw no sign of who did it. “The bust was very cheap, and it seemed like one of those random acts of vandalism that happen from time to time and are not worth investigating. The second case, however, was more serious and, in its way, strange. It happened only last night.” “Just a short distance from the shop I just mentioned lives a doctor by the name of Barnicot. This man is an admirer of Napoleon, and his house is full of books and pictures of the French emperor. Some time ago, he purchased two plaster busts of Napoleon exactly the same from Harrison’s Art and Antiques. One of these he placed in the hall of his house, and the other in his doctor’s surgery in Lower Brixton. “This morning, Dr. Barnicot woke up and discovered his house had been burgled in the night, but nothing had been taken except the bust of Napoleon. It had been carried out into the garden and thrown against the wall, beneath which he found its remains.” Holmes happily rubbed his hands. “This is fascinating,” he murmured. “You’ve not heard the end yet,” said Lestrade. “At midday, Dr. Barnicot arrived at his surgery, and you can imagine his amazement when he found the window open and broken pieces of the second Napoleon bust all over the room. In neither case could we find any clues as to the person who carried out these bizarre crimes. And those, Mr. Holmes, are the facts of the case.” “And very strange facts they are, too,” said Holmes. “Tell me, were Dr. Barnicot’s busts exactly the same as of the one destroyed in the Harrison shop?” “Yes. Exactly the same.” “This suggests the criminal isn’t motivated by a general hatred of Napoleon. Think of how many statues of Napoleon there must be in London. Surely it’s too much of a coincidence that the three he happened to destroy are all identical.” “I’m not so sure,” said Lestrade. “There may be hundreds of statues of Napoleon in London, but as far as we know Harrison’s is the only shop selling them in that area of the city. Therefore, a local Napoleon-hater would begin with them. What do you think, Watson?” “I suppose it’s pos

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. The other thing I have noticed is something called special fried rice. And so I was thinking what's so special about it? Because in China, if you say special fried rice and you think this 炒饭 must be amazing. This got like all these expensive things in it, like prawns and like seafood. It must be like gold. Yeah. Gold in it as well. Yeah. And then I realize it's just 扬州炒饭. It is. It's just 扬州炒饭. And I have no idea why it's called special fried rice. I think it's because in many restaurants it was a special, so it was like a speciality dish and the name just stuck, so it became special fried rice. And if you just want like normal rice, you call it steamed rice. Steamed rice or plain rice. Plain rice. But I always remember when my dad, because he loves Chinese takeaways. When my dad came to China, I asked him “what do you want to eat?” And he said “I have some special fried rice” and I just said “Dad, this is China, fried rice isn't very special”. 算不上特别美食. I forgot does it also come in just numbers on the menu like No.68, No.57, that sort of thing. And you know the reason for that is. Why? Because many of the dishes people couldn't pronounce. Okay, well, special fried rice is not Chinese. But these are just some of the typical dishes. They do have some dishes, for example, like a version of 麻婆豆腐. They've got a version of that, but because not many people can say that. Mapo tofu, it's not that difficult. Kung Pao chicken, it's not that difficult. But it is difficult for somebody who's not really traveled and doesn't really know. So what they do is they use numbers. Another reason as well is that you have to think it was immigrants that opened these restaurants. And sometimes not even Chinese immigrants. Sometimes not even Chinese immigrants. Many of the takeaways were run by immigrants, and you have to think that their English was probably not completely proficient. Emm. So this was a way of both sides being able to communicate. So instead of saying “okay, I want crispy duck pancakes”, they'll go “I'll have number18”. Ah, I see. So it's very clear. I see. For what they want. This is more very efficient system. Exactly.

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Hi everyone, and welcome back to Britain Under the Microscope. 欢迎回来【闲话英伦】. Hi, 安澜. Hi, Lulu. Hi, everyone. So what have you been doing since Chinese New Year? I mean apart from being busy at work, I spent all of my spare time trying to go to the gym or going for workout to try to shed some of those holiday weight that I put on. Oh, you tell me about it. I put on a few kilos during the holidays. 中文现在也说每逢佳节长三斤。I don't think it's just三斤, is it? I actually did put on三斤。 Exactly？ Exactly. I think I put on more than that. So, I thought why don't we talk about food? I mean, we can't eat any delicious food anymore, but at least we can talk about it. Exactly. That's the spirit. Let's fantasize about some of the food that we can actually not eat right now. But I thought, you know, we talked about British food and also British food was there to talk about really. Oh, come on. British food is actually really really nice, but that's a completely other episode. So I thought today, let's talk about food in the UK, but in particular Chinese food in the UK. Oh. That's an interesting, that is actually a very interesting topic. I mean, everybody complains about British food, right? Including some British. But the fact is because of the multiculturalism, 因为英国是一个比较多文化这种移民国家, so especially in London, you can pretty much find food from all parts of the world. Exactly. And in the UK even very, very small places, even some villages, it's quite common to find a Chinese restaurant. I once heard a saying, I don't know if it's a saying or a joke, saying that they will always be at least three different types of restaurants on any given British street, Italian, Indian and Chinese. Is that true? That's absolutely true. I would say probably more Indian and Chinese rather than Italian, but I would say, I've been to very small villages in the UK and they still have a Chinese takeaway. Emm. So let's talk about Chinese food. I think for those of you who have never been to the UK, you will find that these Chinese food that we talk about, they're not really like the Chinese food we're used to at home. Well, yeah. Let’s, we'll talk about the dishes a little bit later, but first of all, as you were saying before, going for a Chinese is incredibly popular in the UK. So they, yeah, I've heard people say “fancy a Chinese”, which initially I found really offensive and creepy, and then I realized they were just talking about Chinese takeaway. Yeah. They're not talking about Chinese people, they're saying if you go for a Chinese that means you're going to get a Chinese takeaway. You call it “takeaway”. Yes. Instead of “takeout”? Yeah. Takeout is American English. But these two are exactly the same meaning. Exactly the same meaning. So if you say takeaway or takeout, pretty much, people will understand what you're saying. Emm, like when you lived in London, did you use to have like a Chinese take away that you will order from. Oh, yeah. Yeah. Remember that when I was growing up this is the days before deliveries and things like that. When you actually wanted to go for Chinese food, what you have to do is call them first of all, and then you go to the restaurant yourself to pick it up. What's the point in that than just go to the restaurant?

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Buzzmix-EP144-Grit.mp3 In today's Buzzword Mix, our Buzzword is Grit. I'm sure many of you have read articles about how kids are allowed to roam free, do whatever they want in the west, and they really aren't put under that much pressure as the kids in China. 相信很多人都读过那种 “西方快乐教育”的文章, 并且十分羡慕。但今天的Buzzword里, 想和你分享一个在近些年来英语国家也逐渐开始认同的一个教育理念，叫做Grit教育 , 我看过有把它翻译成 “坚毅教育”或者 “坚韧教育”。 Have you ever wondered what makes someone a good student, a good athlete, or a good leader? Why do some people accomplish their goals while others fail. What makes the difference? 你有没有想过不管在哪个领域，不管在多大或者多小的环境里，为什么有人成功有人失败? Usually we answer these questions by talking about the talent of top performers. We say they are very gifted, they are very talented, but we all know there's more to the story than that. 我们也都知道能成功，绝对不只靠天赋。 Now some research seem to argue that what makes a bigger impact than talent or intelligence is mental toughness. Mental toughness or grit as they call. It plays a more important role than anything else for achieving your goals in health, business, and life in general. 于是很多最近的研究就得出这样的一个结论，就说grit或者叫mental toughness，你个人精神的坚韧、坚毅程度才是最终决定你是否能成功的要素。 So what is grit? Grit is the perseverance and passion to achieve long term goals. 简单来说grit就是达成长远目标long term goals的这种perseverance坚持不懈and passion和热情. Angela Duckworth, a researcher at the University of Pennsylvania did this popular Ted talk. She suggests that grit is a strong predictor of success and ability to reach one's goals. 说到grit怎么火起来，就不得不提到 Angela Duckworth, 她是做了一个挺有名的Ted演讲，有兴趣的你也可以去看一下，专门讲grit. 她也把自己的研究成果写成了这样一本关于grit的书。 Her research on grit has shown that, for example, West Point cadets who scored highest on the Grit Test were 60% more likely to succeed than their peers. 西点军校里那些 Grit Test里面得分高的学生，在以后的生活训练学习里比其他人的成功概率要高出了60%. Ivy League undergraduate students who had more grit also had higher GPAs than their peers . 在Ivy League就是美国这些顶级藤校的大学生里面，如果更有grit的这些人，他们的整个绩点也会明显的高于他们的同学。 When comparing two people who are the same age but have different levels of education, grit (and not intelligence) more accurately predicts which one will be better educated. Now this is very interesting because earlier studies of achievement often emphasize the notion that high achieving people typically possess traits above and beyond that of normal ability. 在此之前，很多关于这些成功人士的研究都会聚焦在他们异于常人的这些能力水平天赋等等上面。 But people like Duckworth, they emphasize that grit is a better predictor of achievement than intellectual talent because grit provides the stamina required to stay the course amid challenges and setbacks. 但是近些年来像Duckworth做出的这样的研究，就表明其实成功路上最重要的品质就是 grit，坚韧、坚毅，因为只有这样才能在各种的挑战和挫折面前还能够继续走下去. Stay the course. Now let's get more specific and talk about some of the characteristics relating to grit. No.1 is Courage. While courage is hard to measure, it is directly proportional to your level of grit. More specifically, your ability to manage fear of failure is imperative and a predictor of success. 跟grit相关的人格特质的其中之一是courage勇气, 这个勇气主要是去manage fear of failure敢于应对失败的勇气。

可以搜索公号【璐璐的英文小酒馆】或者添加【luluxjg】咨询课程or加入社群，查看文稿和其他精彩内容哦~ Welcome back to 【Geek time】. This is Brad. How are you doing, Lulu? Hi, Brad. I'm fine. And I can't wait to hear more about Elon Musk, last time we talked about Space X . Aha. Now we're gonna talk about something that's tangential to Space X, it's called Starlink. Star Link. And Starlink isn't a space program in the sense that space rockets and things like that, it's actually satellites, and Space X uses their rockets to put these Starlink satellites into space. 嗯, 中文叫星链, which really created a buzz in all types of media, really. Haha, yeah. What is Starlink about? You said Starlink is all about satellites, and one of the jobs of Space X is to send Starlink satellites into space. What are they used for and what is the coverage? Starlink is basically trying to cover the world with internet service. And so oftentimes there's a lot of cables that connect internet around people's homes. People at home have WiFi and they can use cell phone service. But Starlink is going to bring basically internet service and wireless service now to people around the world using satellites. Emm. I heard that the expectation at least is that it offers better internet connection than 5G. Yeah. If you look at the connection, the internet connection, while in some cases it won't be as strong. It depends on line of sight and just how close you are to one of the satellites. But in general, it is faster than 5G. However, if you live in a city, because you're so close to the cell phone towers and there's a lot of connections around the city, you're probably going to get better service with mobile service than you would with Starlink. However, when you're in a van in the middle of nowhere, and there's no cell phone service around, you could easily get access to Starlink. I see. I have a question though. Are there worries about, because obviously it's still... Elon Musk is a private company. Right? It's not really like, for example, state owned or something in... akin to that, then don't people worry about when Elon Musk controls the internet? Yeah, well, of course, you know, people will always be afraid of who is in control of it. in the US, you have all the internet is controlled by private companies anyways. The internet is not something like power or water that's government controlled. Even in some cases, power and water has been sent off to private companies and that's kind of scary. But yeah, companies in the US are kind of in some ways limiting what access people have to the internet. Okay. But perhaps I should rephrase it, because Starlink is aiming to install or to build better internet connection than 5G, then obviously people would probably opt for the faster option. Wouldn't that bring with it some sort of monopoly issue, like if he's monopolizing the fastest internet connection, that sort of worries? Definitely. Because if other companies start wanting to put satellites into space, there's gonna be a lot of interruption. They're gonna possibly smack into each other. It will create a lot of problems. And so if there's probably going to be some sort of laws built around what he can and cannot do with the internet connection. But not yet. But not yet, right. Because this is still in the infancy. And so no one has really looked at it and go OK, we can see some problems here, but as of yet, there's not been anything to stop him from doing this. Yeah. But talking about these satellites, they're not very big satellites, are they? No. They're actually not that big. They might sound like they're quite big, but in comparison to a lot of the other satellites out there, they're quite small. Most of the satellites are, there about it a little bit further away than the ISS the space station we talked about earlier. They're almost 600 kilometers away from the Earth. But there are two hundred twelve hundred kilograms, while there are smaller satellites, they're not really all that