提示 1.每期为一篇听力题，每篇裁剪为若干片段，每个片段重复四遍。 2.可以前两遍盲听理解，后两遍根据文字内容精听。 3.根据中英文意思，听不懂的地方多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.artificial intelligence 人工智能 2.evolving 进化发展 3.pointless 无意义的 4.civilization 文明 5.simulate 模仿 6.mosquito 蚊子 7.chips 芯片 8.comparison 比较 9.barely 几乎没有 10.benevolent 仁慈的 11.anticipates 预见 原文 2020.12 六级第一套 Conversation Two How do you feel about the future of the artificial intelligence？Personally, I feel quite optimistic about it. 你如何看待人工智能的未来？我个人而言，还是挺乐观的。 Al? l'm not so optimistic actually. In fact, it's something we should be concerned about. AI？我没那么乐观。事实上，我们应该对它感到担忧。 Well, it will help us humans understand ourselves better. And when we have a better understanding of ourselves, we can improve the world. 它可以帮助我们人类更好地了解自己。而且，我们更加了解自身后，就能促进世界的发展。 Well, one thing is for sure, technology is evolving faster than our ability to understand it. And in the future Al will make jobs kind of pointless. 有一点可以肯定的是，技术的发展速度快于我们理解它的能力。在未来，AI会让工作变得有些没意义。 I think artificial intelligence will actually help create new kinds of jobs, which would require less of our time and allow us to be centered on creative tasks. 我认为人工智能事实上会帮助创造出新型工作，会占用我们更少的时间，允许我们专注于创造性的任务。 I doubt that very much. Probably the last job that will remain will be writing Al software. And then eventually Al will just write its own software. 我深表怀疑，很可能我们剩下的最后一项工作将会是编写AI软件，而最终AI将会自己为自己编写软件。 At that time, we are going to have a lot of jobs, which nobody will want to do. So we will need artificial intelligence for the robots to take care of the old guys like us. 到那时，我们会有很多没人想去做的工作，所以我们需要人工智能机器人来照顾像我们一样的老人。 I don't know. There's a risk that human civilization could be replaced by a superior type of digital life. Al will be able to completely simulate a person in every way possible. In fact, some people think we're in a simulation right now. 我不知道，但人类文明可能有被更高级的数字生命取代的风险。AI将能够通过一切可能的方式完全模仿人类。实际上，有些人认为我们现在就身处模拟程序之中。 That's impossible. Humans can't even make a mosquito. Computers only have chips. People have brains, and that's where the wisdom comes from. 那是不可能的。人类连只蚊子都造不出来计算机只有芯片，人类有大脑，而大脑才是智慧的来源。 Once it's fully developed, Al will become tired of trying to communicate with humans as we would be much slower thinkers in comparison. AI一旦发展成熟，它就会开始厌倦尝试与人类交流，因为相比之下，我们的思考速度慢得多。 Well, I'm not so sure. A computer is a computer and a computer is just a toy. 我不确信，计算机就是计算机，它只是一件玩具。 Computers can easily communicate incredibly fast. So the computer will just get impatient talking to humans. It'll be barely getting any information out. 计算机可以很容易的就用令人难以置信的速度交流。所以它会在与人类交流时变得不耐烦，几乎不会输出任何信息。 Well, I believe there's a benevolent future with Al. I also think you watch too many science-fiction films 好吧，我相信AI会带来一个充满善意的未来，我还认为你科幻电影看多了 问题： Question 5: What did we learn about the speakers from the conversation? Question 6: What will new kinds of jobs be like according to the woman? Question 7: What is the risk the man anticipates? Question 8: What is the man's concern about Al technology?

提示 一、十个句子每个句子念两遍，念完后从头再念两遍。 二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。 三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.plug 插入 2.pickle 泡菜 3.glows 发光 4.dismiss 不予考虑 5.made reference 提到 6.inherent 固有的 原文 11. You may not agree with some of their major policies and this could affect your working relationship. 你也许不同意他们某些重大政策，这可能会影响你的工作关系。 12. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily. 没有人能否认这一基本事实：对于一般工人来讲，轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。 13. What I have learnt is not just the Chinese language, but something about the country itself as well. 我学习的不只是中国的语言，也是一些关于这个国家的东西。 14. Did you know that if you plug a pickle into an electrical outlet, it glows and makes buzzing noises? 你知道如果你把泡菜插入电源插座，它会发光并且发出嗡嗡的声音吗？ 15. Taoism was founded on the teachings of Laozi, a sage born in 604 B.C. in present-day Henan Province. 道教是用老子的教导创立的，他是公元前六零四年在现代的河南省出生的圣贤。 16. In my view, everyone should have intellectual hobbies as well as an interest in physical activities. 对我自己来说，每个人应该有学知识的爱好，也应该对体育活动感兴趣。 17. By turning the page, we can dismiss the characters in a book without fear of hurting their feelings. 书页翻动之间，我们可以对书中的人物不予理会而不伤及他们的情感。 18. People are not remembered by the number of times they fail but for the number of times they succeed. 人们被记得不是因失败的次数，而是成功的次数。 19. The source made reference to Kate and the Queen being seen chatting and smiling together last March. 知情者提到去年三月有人看女王和凯萨琳笑着聊天的时候。 20. The Chinese government released on 25th "Diaoyu Islands are China's inherent territory "White Paper. 25日，中国政府发布《钓鱼岛是中国的固有领土》白皮书。

听前提示 一、三遍英文，一遍中文，再一遍英文。 二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。 三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.sperm whale 抹香鲸 2.transaction 交易 3.ruling coalition 执政联盟 4.secured 获得 5.chopsticks 筷子 原文 11. If I were to be born again，I would be a musician. 如果我能重生，我会成为一名音乐家。 12. The sperm whale can dive to a depth of 1000 meters. 抹香鲸能潜入1000米深的水中。 13. It's easy to lose track of time when you are in Las Vegas. 当你在拉斯维加斯的时候，很容易会忘记时间。 14. I will go along with you as far as the station. 我和你一起走到车站。 15. Tony went to Boston for the purpose of carrying out an important business transaction. 托尼去波士顿是为了一项重要的商业交易。 16. According to the news report，the ruling coalition has secured 72 seats as of 5 pm. 根据新闻报道，截至下午五点，执政联盟已获得72个席位。 17. Didn't you know that he passed away two years ago？ 你不知道他两年前就去世了吗？ 18. Forks and chopsticks became popular because they could easily handle hot food. 叉子和筷子很受欢迎，是因为它们很轻松地处理滚烫的食物。 19. It was Mr. Smith that told me how to use that machine. 是史密斯先生告诉我如何使用那台机器的。 20. In such countries as Norway and Finland，they have lots of snow in winter. 在挪威和芬兰这样的国家，冬天雪很多。

词汇提示 1.Hiroshima 广岛 2.nuclear 核 3.scorching 灼烧的 4.vaporized 蒸发 5.radiation 辐射 6.concrete 混凝土 7.Atomic Dome 原子穹顶 8.poisoning 中毒 9.leukemia 白血病 10.marrow 骨髓 11.cranes 鹤 12.monument 纪念碑 13.tiles 瓷砖 14.bitter 苦的 15.civilians 平民 16.Hitler 希特勒 17.revenge 复仇 18.Pearl Harbour 珍珠港 19.surrender 投降 20.invasion 入侵 21.aircrews 机组人员 原文 Hiroshima North American children know about Hiroshima. They are taught about the dangers of nuclear war. Sometimes they learn the details of the damage that was done. They learn about what happened at 08:50 a.m. on august 6 1945. People were eating breakfast，children were going to school and adults going to work, there was a blinding flash of light, scorching heat, and a mushroom cloud rose up. People close to the explosion were instantly vaporized. Many of those further away would die from burns and radiation. 60000 houses were destroyed immediately. One concrete structure remained standing, although it was damaged. The local government left the Atomic Dome standing as a memorial to the explosion. Even those who were not seriously injured in the explosion later became very ill. They became very sick from radiation poisoning. Many developed leukemia. Sadako Sosaki was two years old when the bomb exploded. She was apparently uninjured, and grew up normally until she was twelve, then she developed leukemia, disease of the blood and bone marrow. Sadako began to fold paper cranes to protect her from the illness. However, she died in 1955, before she reached 1000 paper cranes. Her example inspired the children's monument at Hiroshima. There is a peace museum in Hiroshima, which has objects left by the explosion. These include bottles, metal stones and tiles twisted into strange shapes by the heat. There are objects on which people were vaporized, so that their shape appears like a shadow on the material. There are bits of burnt clothing and many photographs. Why was the bomb dropped? World War II was a long and bitter war. The rules of war, which said not to kill civilians, were forgotten. Hitler bombed London, hoping to break the spirit of the English. Then England bombed Germany to destroy the factories and kill the people who worked in them. Americans wanted revenge for the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The U-S government had spent $6 billion developing the A-bomb and wanted to use it. Some say that they also wanted to warn the Russians not to cause trouble for America. When American forces advanced on Japan in 1945, they had to decide what to do. Would Japan surrender, or would they fight to the last soldier? American leaders feared that they might lose many of men by an invasion. Dropping the atomic bomb would end the war very quickly. President Truman made the decision to use it. Since then, most people have felt that this decision was wrong. It was such a terrible thing to do to the people, children, old people, women, men and babies. Hiroshima inspired many people to try to ban the bomb. They wanted to ensure that atomic bombs would not be used again. Even some of the scientists and air crews involved in making and dropping the bomb at Hiroshima wanted it banned. Perhaps, if we can all remember what happened that day, there will be no more Hiroshima's 翻译 广岛 北美的孩子都知道广岛。 他们被告知核战争的危险。 有时，他们会了解到损害造成的细节。 他们知道1945年8月6日上午8:50发生了什么。 人们在吃早餐，孩子们去上学，成年人去上班，一道耀眼的闪光，灼热的热浪，一片蘑菇云升起。 接近爆炸现场的人立即被蒸发。 在稍远的地方，许多人会死于烧伤和辐射。 6万所房屋立即被摧毁。 一个混凝土结构的建筑仍然矗立着，尽管它已经损坏。 当地政府留下了原子穹顶作为爆炸的纪念。 甚至那些在爆炸中没有严重受伤的人后来也病得很重。 他们因辐射中毒而病重。 许多人患上了白血病。 炸弹爆炸时，Sosaki Sadako只有两岁。 她显然没有受伤，正常成长到12岁，后来患上了白血病，即血液和骨髓疾病。 Sadako开始折叠纸鹤来保护她免受疾病的伤害。 然而，她在1955年去世，当时她还没有活到完成1000只纸鹤。 她的例子启发了广岛儿童纪念碑的想法。 广岛有一座和平博物馆，里面有爆炸留下的物品。 其中包括瓶子、金属石和瓷砖，它们被高温扭曲成奇怪的形状。 有些物体上的人被蒸发了，所以他们的形状看起来像是材料上的阴影。 有几件烧焦的衣服和许多照片。 为什么投下炸弹？ 第二次世界大战是一场漫长而痛苦的战争。 战争规则说不杀平民，但却被遗忘了。 希特勒轰炸了伦敦，希望打垮英国人的精神。 然后英国轰炸了德国，摧毁了工厂，杀害了在工厂工作的人。 美国人想为日本对珍珠港的袭击复仇。 美国政府花了60亿美元开发原子弹，并希望使用它。 有人说，他们还想警告俄罗斯人不要给美国制造麻烦。 1945年，当美国军队向日本挺进时，他们不得不决定该怎么做。 日本会投降，还是会战斗到最后一名士兵？ 美国领导人担心他们可能会因入侵而失去许多人。 投下原子弹会很快结束战争。 杜鲁门总统决定使用它。 从那时起，大多数人都觉得这个决定是错误的。 对人民、儿童、老人、妇女、男人和婴儿来说，这是一件多么可怕的事情。 广岛促使许多人试图禁止核弹。 他们想确保原子弹不再被使用。 甚至一些参与制造和投掷广岛原子弹的科学家和机组人员也希望将其禁止。 也许，如果我们都记得那天发生的事情，广岛就不会再有这样的灾难了 音频及文稿 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”

提示 1.每期为一篇听力题，每篇裁剪为若干片段，每个片段重复四遍。 2.可以前两遍盲听理解，后两遍根据文字内容精听。 3.根据中英文意思，听不懂的地方多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.insurance 保险 2.claim 索赔 3.fed up 忍无可忍 4.disregard 忽视 5.extensively 广泛地 6.flooded 水淹 7.cottage 小屋 8.submerged 淹没 9.caravan 拖车 10.entitled 资格 11.bizarre 奇怪的 12.skeptical 持怀疑的 13.furious 愤怒的 14.lawsuit 诉讼 原文 2020.12 六级第一套 Conversation One Good morning, safe house insurance. My name is Paul. How can I help you today? 早上好，这里是安全屋保险公司，我是保罗，今天能为您提供什么帮助？ Morning? I wouldn't say that it's a good from where I am standing. This is Ms. Wilson, and this is the third time I've called this week since receiving your letter about our insurance claim. 早上好，以我现在的情况来看，不得不说没什么好的，我是威尔逊女士，收到你们关于我们保险索赔的信件后，这已经是我本周第三次打电话了。 I'm getting a little fed up with my calls about my claim being completely disregarded. 我的索赔电话完全被忽视，真是有点受够了。 Ms. Wilson, thank you for calling back. Can I take some details to help me look at your claim? 威尔逊女士，感谢您再次致电，您能提供一些详细情况来让我了解一下您的索赔事宜吗？ It's Ms. May Wilson of 15 South Sea Road in Cornwall. And the details are that our village was extensively flooded two months ago. The entire ground floor of our cottage was submerged in water. And five of us have been living in a caravan ever since. 我是住在康沃尔南海路号的梅-威尔逊，情况是，我们村庄在两个月前被洪水大面积淹没，我们家小屋的整个底层被淹没在水下，从那以后，我们一家五口就住在拖车里。 You people are still withholding the money we are entitled to over a bizarre technical detail and it's not acceptable, Paul. 你们却还在因为一个奇怪的技术细节问题扣下我们应得的钱，这让人无法接受，保罗。 Ms. Wilson, according to the notes on your account, the bizarre technical detail that you mentioned refers to the fact that you hadn't paid house insurance the month before the incident. 威尔逊女士，根据您的账户记录来看，您提到的哪个奇怪的技术细节问题指的是事发前一个月您没有缴纳房屋保险费。 That money left our account. And now that you should be paying out, you are suddenly saying that you didn't receive it on time. I'm really skeptical about this claim. 那笔钱已经从我们的账户扣除了，现在该你们付钱了，你们却突然说没有按时收到这笔钱，我真的对这个说法表示怀疑。 The contract does say that any missed payment in a year will affect the terms and conditions of the insurance contract and may affect claims. Of course, I can pass you onto my manager to talk to you more about this. 合同上确实写着，一年之内任何漏缴都会影响到保险合同的条款和条件，还可能影响理赔，当然我可以帮您转接经理，让他进一步跟您谈谈这个问题。 I've already spoken to him and you can tell him I'm furious now, and that your company has a lawsuit on its hand. You will be hearing from my lawyer. Goodbye. 我已经和他谈过了，并且你可以转告他，我现在非常生气，你们公司有官司要打了，我的律师会联系你们的，再见。 Question 1: What is the woman complaining about? Question 2: What is the problem the woman's family encountered? Question 3: What has caused the so-called bizarre technical detail according to the man? Question 4: What's the woman say she will do at the end of the conversation?

提示 一、十个句子每个句子念两遍，念完后会从头开始再念两遍。 二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。 三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.compensatory 补偿性的 2.proximity 靠近 3.baptize 施洗 4.concept 概念 5.tolerance 容忍 6.default 拖欠 7.suspended 暂停 8.slender 苗条 原文 1. Every guy can say "although I'm not the greatest man in the world, I am the man who is best to you." 每一个男孩子都可以说：“虽然我不是世界上最好的男人，但我是世界上对你最好的男人”。 2. Because I left early this morning, I couldn't use my computer, so I used my phone to send messages. 因为今早要出门，不能用电脑，所以用手机发信息。 3. During the Depression in the 1930's, many wealthy people lost everything in the stock market crash. 在二十世纪三十年代的大萧条时期，许多富人在股市崩盘中失去了一切。 4. I think that Tom is going to be pretty mad when he finds out that the painting he bought is a fake. 我觉得当汤姆发现他买来的画是赝品的时候，他会很生气。 5. Blind people sometimes develop a compensatory ability to sense the proximity of objects around them. 某些失明者会产生一个弥补性的能力，这个能力让他们察觉到他们与离他们很近的物体的距离。 6. The man on whom you see the Spirit come down and remain is he who will baptize with the Holy Spirit. 你如果看见圣灵降下，落在谁身上，谁就是用圣灵替人施洗的了。 7. By reading books and discussing concepts, a person can gain wisdom and tolerance of differing ideas. 藉由读书和讨论概念，一个人能获得智慧并包容不同的想法。 8. I've heard that if you default on the water rates your water supply will be suspended, is that true? 听说不交水费就会被停水，是真的吗？ 9. Wise men talk about ideas, intellectuals about facts, and the ordinary man talks about what he eats. 智者谈论想法，知识分子谈论事实，普通人谈论他吃什么。 10. Slender and form-fitting with a high cut, the new qipao contrasted sharply with the traditional one. 新的旗袍又修长又紧身，也有高级的剪裁，与传统式样的构成了鲜明的对比。

听前提示 一、三遍英文，一遍中文，再一遍英文。 二、从听懂的词入手，理解句子含义。 三、根据中英文意思，听不懂的多听几遍。 词汇提示 1.turn down 拒绝 2.tame 温顺 3.stories 楼层 4.for instance 例如 5.bear in mind 记住 6.taken care of 处理 原文 1. The more difficult the questions are，the less likely I'll able to answer them. 这些问题越难，我能回答出来的可能性就越小。 2. Robert was so busy，he had to turn down an invitation to play golf. 罗伯特太忙了，他不得不拒绝了打高尔夫球的邀请。 3. This camel is so tame that anyone can ride it. 这骆驼很温顺，任何人都能骑它。 4. They built up twenty-five stories on one side and thirty-five stories on the other. 他们在一边改了二十五层楼，在另一边盖了三十五层楼。 5. For instance，what would you have done if you were in my place？ 例如，如果你处在我的位置，你会怎么做？ 6. I am only too glad to help you with your work. 我非常乐意协助你工作。 7. Though she was only twelve years old，Susan knew how to make a living. 虽然苏珊只有十二岁，但她知道怎么过日子。 8. Tom has always done well in every job he has had. 汤姆做的每一件事都做得很好。 9. We should bear in mind what is called wisdom is not a mere item of knowledge. 我们应该牢记，所谓的智慧不仅仅是一种知识。 10. I felt relieved when all the troubles were taken care of. 当所有的麻烦都解决后，我感到如释重负。

词汇提示 1.fairs 集市 2.rural 乡下的 3.counties 郡县 4.barn 谷仓 5.tractors 拖拉机 6.handicrafts 手工艺品 7.jellies 果冻 8.grandstand 大舞台 9.contest 比赛 10.racetrack 跑马场 11.breeds 繁殖 12.ploughing 耕地 13.ribbon 绶带 14.jars 罐子 15.sponsored 赞助 16.circus 马戏团 17.midway 游乐场 18.Ferries Wheels 大观览车 19.merry-go-round 旋转木马 20.roller coaster 过山车 21.heritage 遗产 原文 Come to The Fair Fall Fairs have been a feature of North American life since early in the 19th century. At the end of the harvest, people from rural areas have come together to celebrate. Usually, these fairs take the form of a competition regarding the best of all farm products of that year, depending on the part of the country and its most important crop fall. Fairs can begin as early as August or as late as November，They usually last several days. When the United States and Canada were organized, they were divided into small units called counties，larger units were called states or provinces. Many of the best-known fairs are county fairs or state fairs. There are also smaller local fairs and larger ones too, like the Canadian National Exhibition in Toronto, Ontario. Since these fairs are usually annual events, many have developed permanent buildings over the years. Most of these are large barn like structures. These buildings are used to display new products for farm life, such as tractors, home furnishings and water systems. Several barns are usually necessary to house all the horses, cows, pigs, goats, sheep, chickens and other animals. In competition, there must also be room to display all the vegetables, berries and fruits in competition. Finally, there is space for handicrafts, artwork, baked goods and jams and jellies. Usually there is a grandstand, which is a stage with wooden seats around it. Here, entertainers perform for an audience during the fair. Country and Western singers are usually popular at fairs, but so are comedians, clowns, dancers and musicians. There may also be other contests, such as a beauty competition for Queen of the Fair, tests of strength for the men or pie eating events. Most fairs also have a race track, which is used for horse racing, or in some cases, auto racing. Fairs have helped to improve animal breeds, and races encourage the breeding of fast horses. Ploughing contests test the strength and steadiness of horses, and so do pulling contests. This spirit of competition has led to improvements in all areas of farming. Every kind of green fruit, vegetable, berry and animal is tested, and only the best win a ribbon. This encourages fairness to improve their products. Farm women compete to produce the best homemade food and crafts. Many kinds of fruit and vegetables are stored in glass jars for the winter. The best of these also receive prizes. Most fairs have a dining area where there is good food served to the public. The goal of improving farming is sponsored by the governments of Canada and the USA. Four-H clubs are youth organizations that encourage farm children to take an interest in farming. Four-H clubs aim at improving the heads, hearts, hands and health of their members. There are also women's organizations, such as the women's Institutes in Canada, which work to make the life of farm families better. Fall fairs have taken over the idea of the midway from the circus. The midway has rides like Ferris wheels, merry go rounds and roller coasters. It also has games of chance and skill, such as trying to throw a small hoop over a large bottle. One nice thing about fall fairs is that they are fun for the whole family, children enjoy the midway and the farm animals, women like the crafts, food and household exhibits, men like the machinery, the horse races and the crop exhibits. Everyone likes the grandstand shows. Nowadays, not so many people live on farms, but people from towns and cities still enjoy going to fall fairs. They are part of our North American heritage. 翻译 来集市吧 自19世纪初以来，秋季集市一直是北美生活的一大特色。 丰收结束时，来自农村地区的人们聚集在一起庆祝。 通常情况下，这些交易会采取竞争的形式，根据该国的地区和最重要的作物秋季，选择当年最好的农产品。 展会最早可于8月，最晚于11月开始，通常持续几天。 当美国和加拿大被组织起来时，它们被划分为称为县的小单位，较大的单位称为州或省。 许多最著名的博览会是县集市或州集市。 还有规模较小的本地展会和规模较大的展会，比如安大略省多伦多的加拿大国家展览会。 由于这些展会通常是一年一度的活动，许多展会多年来已经开发出了永久性建筑。 大多数都是类似谷仓的大型建筑。 这些建筑用于展示农场生活的新产品，如拖拉机、家居用品和供水系统。 通常需要几个谷仓来存放所有的马、牛、猪、山羊、绵羊、鸡和其他动物。 在比赛中，还必须有展示比赛中所有蔬菜、浆果和水果的空间。 最后，还有放置手工艺品、艺术品、烘焙食品、果酱和果冻的空间。 通常有一个正面看台，是一个有木制座位的舞台。 在这里，艺人在集市期间为观众表演。 乡村和西方歌手通常很受欢迎，但喜剧演员、小丑、舞蹈演员和音乐家也很受欢迎。 也可能会有其他比赛，比如选美比赛、男子力量比赛或吃馅饼比赛。 大多数集市也有一条赛道，用于赛马，或在某些情况下用于汽车比赛。 集市有助于改善动物品种，比赛鼓励了对快马的培育。 犁地比赛考验马的力量和稳定性，拉马比赛也是如此。 这种竞争精神导致了农业各个领域的进步。 每种绿色水果、蔬菜、浆果和动物都有比赛，只最佳获奖者会赢得缎带。 这有助于公平地改进他们的产品。 农妇们竞相生产最好的自制食品和手工艺品。 许多种类的水果和蔬菜都被储存在玻璃罐里过冬。 其中，最好的也会获奖。 大多数集市都有一个用餐区，在那里可以为公众提供美味佳肴。 改善农业的目标是由加拿大和美国政府赞助的。 4H俱乐部是鼓励农场儿童对农业感兴趣的青年组织。 4H俱乐部旨在改善其成员的头部、心脏、手和健康。 还有一些妇女组织，如加拿大的妇女研究所，致力于改善农村家庭的生活。 秋天的集市已经从马戏团那里继承了游乐场的理念。 游乐场有摩天轮、旋转木马和过山车等游乐设施。 它也有机会和技巧的游戏，比如试着把一个小铁环扔到一个大瓶子上。 秋季集市的一个好处是，它对整个家庭都很有意思，孩子们喜欢游乐场和农场动物，女人喜欢工艺品、食物和家庭展品，男人喜欢机械、赛马和农作物展品。 每个人都喜欢看台表演。 如今，生活在农场上的人不多了，但来自城镇的人仍然喜欢去秋季集市。 它们是我们北美遗产的一部分。

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.endurance 耐力 2.steady 稳定 3.baton 接力棒 4.shot put 推铅球 5.javelin 标枪 6.spear 矛 原文 Track and Field In many parts of the world，the sport of track and field is very popular. Actually，the sport of track and field includes many different sports. In some of these sports，the athletes run on a track. The athletes race against each other to find out who can run the fastest. Some of these track events require great speed for a short distance. In the 100 meter race，the athletes must sprint as quickly as possible. Some athletes can run 100 meters in only 10 seconds！ Other track races are much longer，and these events require great endurance. In the marathon，the athletes must run a distance of 42 kilometers. Because this is such a long distance，the athletes cannot run too quickly at the start. Instead，it is important to run at a steady pace and keep some energy for the end of the race. Some athletes can run the marathon in little more than two hours！ Some races are called middle distance races，because the distance is not very short，yet it is also not very long. For example，the 1500 meters requires a mixture of speed and endurance. Some athletes can run the 1500 meters in less than four minutes！ There are also some track events for people who use a wheelchair. Wheelchair athletes can race even faster than athletes who run！ Some of the races on the track are for teams of four runners. Each athlete carriers a small stick called baton. After running a certain distance，the runner must hand the baton to a team-mate，who then runs with the baton. To win this race，the team's runners must be very fast，but they must also cooperate very well with each other. In the field events，athletes compete by jumping or throwing. In the long jump，the athletes run up to a line，and then try to jump as far forward as possible. In the high jump，the athletes must try to jump over a very high bar. Another field event is called the shot put. In this event，the athletes try to throw a heavy metal ball as far as possible. Yet another field event is called the javelin throw. In this event，the athletes try to throw a long spear as far as possible. Athletes who compete in the throwing events must be very strong！ Both men and women compete in the sport of track and field. Many boys and girls enjoy track and field as part of their education in school. Those boys and girls who have much talent，and who work very hard，might someday compete in the Olympics. But for most people，track and field is just a fun and healthy way to get exercise and to make friends.

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.negotiate 谈判 2.contracts 合同 3.conditions 条件 4.reserve 储备 5.duration 期间 6.notorious 臭名昭著的 7.intact 完整 8.militant 激进 9.granted 赋予 10.previously 以前 11.colluded 串通 12.servitude 奴役 原文 Free Agency “Free agency”refers to the ability of athletes to negotiate their own contracts and working conditions in professional sport. Before the 1970s，most professional sports had some sort of reserve system for athletes. In their reserve systems，players were forced to play for a single team-usually for the duration of their careers-under the conditions set by the team owner and the league bosses. Historically，the sport of baseball had the most notorious reserve system，which had been intact and strictly enforced for decades. The purpose of the reserve system was to allow owners of professional teams to control the movement of players and reduce their salaries. By being forced to play for only one team，players had little choice but to accept the contractual terms and conditions set out for the player. The player，in short，did not have the freedom to offer and negotiated his services on the open market，as is done on all other industries. This significantly reduced owners' payroll expenses，and increased profits greatly. In North America，the major professional leagues-in the sports of baseball，football，hockey and basketball-all had some form of reserve system. In the late-1960s and 1970s，however，the reserve system encountered a number of challenges. The most important challenge came from a baseball player，Curt Flood of the St. Louis Cardinals. Flood refused the terms of a trade and offered his services on the open market of the Major League Baseball. When no offers were made，Flood field suit in American courts under the Sherman Antitrust Act，which makes it unlawful for any business or combination of businesses to maintain a monopoly in any commercial industry. While Flood did not win the case，a series of subsequent legal decisions made it apparent，that baseball owners had unreasonable control over their laborers-the players. The baseball players' union became more militant as a result of the Flood case. In 1976，a court decision granted players free agency and the right to negotiate the conditions of their labor services much more freely than they had in the past. The move to free agency changed the character of the relations between professional sports clubs and their owners. Previously，owners worked or colluded together to limit the movement of players Professional sports clubs acted like a well-organized club. Free agency meant a more competitive environment for players，and of course player salaries have risen substantially as a result. Today，sports fans often complain that players' salaries are too high. While certainly at times it seems difficult to justify the huge salaries of today，it should be kept in mind that before the current era of free agency and big contracts，players barely made a subsistence wage，and often worked under conditions of servitude. The situation now might be less than perfect；however，it's certainly a vast improvement over the pre-free agency days. 翻译 自由代理 “自由代理”指运动员在职业体育项目中谈判自己的合同和工作条件的能力。 20世纪70年代之前，大多数职业体育项目都有某种运动员后备制度。 在他们的预备队体系中，球员被迫在球队老板和联盟老板设定的条件下，在职业生涯中只为一支球队效力。 从历史上看，棒球运动有着最臭名昭著的预备队制度，几十年来一直保持完整并严格执行。 预备队制度的目的是允许职业球队的老板控制球员的移动，并降低他们的工资。 由于被迫只为一支球队效力，球员们别无选择，只能接受为球员制定的合同条款和条件。 简而言之，运动员没有在公开市场上提供和协商服务的自由，就像在所有其他行业一样。 这大大减少了业主的工资支出，并大大增加了利润。 在北美，棒球、足球、曲棍球和篮球等主要职业联赛都有某种形式的预备队制度。 然而，在20世纪60年代末和70年代，后备系统遇到了一些挑战。 最重要的挑战来自棒球运动员，圣路易斯红衣主教队的柯特·弗雷德。 弗雷德拒绝了交易条款，并在美国职业棒球大联盟的公开市场上提供服务。 在没有报价的情况下，弗雷德根据《谢尔曼反垄断法》向美国法院提起诉讼，该法规定，任何企业或企业组织在任何商业行业保持垄断是非法的。 虽然弗雷德没有赢得这场官司，但随后的一系列法律判决表明，棒球队拥有者对他们的劳动者——球员——拥有不合理的控制权。 由于弗雷德事件，棒球运动员工会变得更加激进。 1976年，一项法院判决授予球员自由代理权，以及比过去更自由地协商其劳工服务条件的权利。 向自由球员的转变改变了职业体育俱乐部与其所有者之间关系的性质。 以前，老板们一起工作或串通来限制球员的移动 职业体育俱乐部就像一个组织良好的俱乐部。 自由球员意味着球员们有一个更具竞争力的环境，当然球员的薪水也因此大幅上升。 如今，体育迷经常抱怨运动员的工资太高。 当然，有时似乎很难证明今天的巨额工资是合理的，但应该记住，在当前的自由代理和大合同时代之前，球员几乎没有维持生计的工资，而且经常在劳役条件下工作。 现在的情况可能不太完美；然而，与自由球员制之前的日子相比，这无疑是一个巨大的进步。

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.flop 跳高 2.biomechanics 生物力学 3.intuition 直觉 4.prior 之前 5.straddle 跨坐 6.curve 曲线 7.acceleration 加速 8.rotates 旋转 9.leaping 跳跃 10.arches 拱起 11.experimenting 实验 原文 Fosbury Flop American athlete Dick Fosbury devised the high jump technique known as the “Fosbury Flop”. His new technique revolutionized one of the oldest events in track and field competition. While Fosbury never broke the world record using his new technique，other high jumpers were inspired by his gold medal at the 1968 Summer Olympic Games in Mexico City，where he introduced his new jumping technique. Fosbury was born in 1946 in Oregon and went to Oregon State University. He won the gold medal in the Olympic Games at the very young age of 21. It was assumed that his odd-looking new method for clearing the bar was based on a careful study of the physics and biomechanics of high jump technique. However，Fosbury claimed it was the product of pure intuition. Prior to Fosbury's invention，most high jumpers used a “straddle” technique. In this older style of jumping，the front leg led the jumper up and over the bar in a face down position. Fosbury's technique involves approaching the bar in a curve with a last second acceleration. Then，at the point of take-off，the body rotates，positioning the back to the bar and leaping backwards. The head faces the sky as the body arches over the bar with the mid-body and legs trailing behind. Fosbury had begun experimenting with a new technique when he was only sixteen years old. In a meet in 1968 in which Fosbury used his new technique，a local newspaper's headline read，“Fosbury flops over the bar”. Thus，the name of the newly invented technique was born. Since Fosbury's competitive days，his technique has been widely copied. Once experienced jumpers mastered the technique，records started to fall in the sport，due mostly to the Fosbury Flop，but also to better equipment and running surfaces. Dick Fosbury will always be known for his revolutionizing of the sport of high jump. 翻译 背越式跳高 美国运动员迪克·福斯伯里发明了被称为“背越式跳高”的跳高技术。 他的新技术彻底改变了这项田径比赛中最古老的项目。 虽然福斯伯里从未用他的新技术打破世界纪录，但其他跳高运动员运受他启发在1968年墨西哥城夏季奥运会上获得的金牌，他在那里介绍了他的新跳高技术。 1946年，福斯伯里出生于俄勒冈州，进入俄勒冈州州立大学学习。 他在21岁时就获得了奥运会金牌。 人们认为，他这种看起来很新奇的跳高方法是基于对跳高技术的物理和生物力学的仔细研究。 然而，福斯伯里声称这纯粹是直觉的产物。 在福斯伯里的发明之前，大多数跳高运动员都使用“跨坐”技术。 在这种老式的跳跃方式中，跳跃者的前腿引导着跳跃者以面朝下的姿势越过横杆。 福斯伯里的技术是以最后一秒的加速度接近曲线中的杆。 然后，在起跳点，身体旋转，将背部定位到杆上并向后跳跃。 头部面向天空，身体拱起，身体中部和腿部伸展跟在后面。 福斯伯里在16岁时就开始试验这种技术。 1968年，在一次会议上，福斯伯里使用了他的新技术，当地一家报纸的发言人在头条上写着，“福斯伯里跳过了横杆”。 于是，新发明技术的名字（福斯伯里式跳高，即背越式）诞生了。 自从福斯伯里参加比赛以来，他的技术已被广泛复制。 一旦有经验的跳高运动员掌握了这项技术，这项运动的记录开始下降，主要原因是背越式跳高，但也得益于更好的设备和跑步场地。 迪克·福斯伯里将永远以他对跳高运动的革命性而闻名。

在喜马拉雅已支持实时字幕 关注公众号“高效英语磨耳朵”获取文稿和音频 词汇提示 1.trial 审判 2.decorated 高荣誉的 3.transition 变迁 4.commentating 评论 5.illustrious 杰出的 6.estrange 离异 7.pursue 追求 8.compensate 弥补 9.solid 扎实的 10.enroll 注册 11.distinguished 卓越的 12.drafted 起草 13.shatter 打破 14.alleged 涉嫌 15.abuse 虐待 16.circulating 流传 17.subsequent 随后的 18.exhaustive 彻底的 19.acquittal 无罪释放 20.recialtensions 种族歧视 原文 O.J. Simpson It has been argued that the trial of Orenthal James （O. J.）Simpson for murder was the defining cultural experience of the U.S. in the 1990s. It dominated the front pages of newspapers in the U.S. and many other countries for several months. Indeed，Simpson was for a period of time probably the most talked about person in the world，but very few of the discussions were about his athletic career. Until his internationally famous trial，Simpson was a relative unknown outside the U.S.A very wealthy and highly decorated former professional football player，Simpson made the transition to acting and television commentating after his illustrious football career. However，when he was charged in June of 1994 with the murder of his estrange wife Nicole Simpson and her friend Ronald Goldman，and after his dramatic suicide getaway attempt captured by television cameras，Simpson became known throughout the world almost overnight. Simpson was born in San Francisco in 1947 to a poor family. His father abandoned the family，and it was his mother who encouraged Simpson to pursue sport，mainly to compensate for some physical problems he had developed as a child. Simpson became a solid baseball and football player early in his life and went on to enroll in the City College of San Francisco，where he continued to play impressive football. With offers from over fifty other universities to play football，Simpson went to the University of Southern California. There，he played out a distinguished college career and earned himself the 1968 Heisman Trophy for top college player in the U.S. Simpson began his professional career by dropping out of school before graduation and immediately signing a three-year endorsement deal with Chevrolet for 250000 dollars. Drafted by the Buffalo Bills in 1969，the first few years of Simpson's professional career were undistinguished ones. However，from 1972 on，a new coach for the team made Simpson the central figure in the team's offence. As a result，Simpson would go on to shatter several running records in the National Football League. At the conclusion of his career，Simpson was inducted into the Professional Football Players' Hall of Fame. After his professional football career，stories about Simpson's alleged abuse of his wife began circulating. Nicole Simpson made the first call to police after an incident at a 1989 New Year's Eve party，in which Simpson was fined 200 dollars. Over the next few years，Nicole would make thirty emergency calls to the police，none of which led to formal charges. After the incidents surrounding Nicole's death and Simpson's subsequent flight from police，an exhaustive months-long trial ensured，leading to Simpson's famous acquittal. More than just a murder trial，however，O.J. Simpson's trial highlighted the racialtensions in the U.S. In fact，history will undoubtedly remember Simpson more for his trial than for his illustrious football career. 翻译 O.J.辛普森 有人认为，对奥伦塔尔·詹姆斯（O.J.）辛普森谋杀案的审判是20世纪90年代美国文化的决定性经历。 几个月来，这件事在美国和许多其他国家的报纸头版占据主导地位。 的确，辛普森在一段时间内可能是世界上谈论最多的人，但很少有人讨论他的体育生涯。 在国际知名的审判之前，辛普森在美国以外是一个相对默默无闻的人，他是一位非常富有、身披盛装的前职业足球运动员，在他辉煌的足球生涯之后他转向了演艺和电视评论。 然而，当他在1994年6月被控谋杀分居的妻子妮可·辛普森和她的朋友罗纳德·戈德曼时，在他戏剧性的自杀逃跑企图被电视摄像机拍下后，辛普森几乎在一夜之间闻名于世。 辛普森1947年出生于旧金山的一个贫穷的家庭。 他的父亲抛弃了这个家庭，是他的母亲鼓励辛普森从事体育运动，主要是为了补偿一些他从小时候就有的身体问题。 辛普森早年成了一名扎实的棒球和足球运动员，并继续参加旧金山城市学院，在那里他继续踢出令人印象深刻的足球。 辛普森提供了来自其他五十所大学的足球邀请，来到了南加州大学。 在那里，他完成了杰出的大学生涯，并为自己赢得了1968年美国顶尖大学运动员海斯曼奖。 辛普森的职业生涯始于毕业前辍学，并立即与雪佛兰签署了一份25万美元的为期三年的代言协议。 1969年由布法罗法案起草，辛普森职业生涯的最初几年是平淡无奇的几年。 然而，从1972年开始，球队的一位新教练让辛普森成为球队进攻的核心人物。 由此，辛普森可以继续打破NFL的几项跑步记录。 在职业生涯结束时，辛普森入选职业足球运动员名人堂。 在职业足球生涯结束后，关于辛普森所谓虐待他对妻子的故事开始流传开来。 妮可·辛普森第一次报警是在1989年的除夕派对的事件后，辛普森被罚款200美元。 在接下来的几年里，妮可给警方打30个紧急电话，但没有一个让正式指控成立。 在围绕妮可之死和辛普森随后逃离警方的事件发生后，经过长达数月的彻底审判，辛普森被宣告无罪。 然而，对O.J.辛普森的审判不仅仅是一场谋杀案的审判，还突显了美国的种族紧张局势。 事实上，历史对辛普森的记忆无疑更多的是因为他的审判，而不是因为他辉煌的足球生涯。