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参考文献

分子层面干预

1.   NMN/NR研究

- Yoshino, J., et al. (2016). NAD⁺ Intermediates: The Biology and Therapeutic Potential of NMN and NR.  Cell Metabolism , 23(6), 1060-1065.

- 重点：NAD+前体通过激活PARP1修复DNA损伤

2.   端粒酶激活剂

- Harley, C.B., et al. (2011). A natural product telomerase activator as part of a health maintenance program.  Rejuvenation Research , 14(1), 45-56.

3.   表观遗传重编程

- Ocampo, A., et al. (2016). In Vivo Amelioration of Age-Associated Hallmarks by Partial Reprogramming.  Cell , 167(7), 1719-1733.

- 重点：OSKM因子诱导细胞年轻化

4.   雷帕霉素与自噬

- Bitto, A., et al. (2014). Transient rapamycin treatment can increase lifespan and healthspan in middle-aged mice.  Science Translational Medicine , 6(268), 268ra179.

细胞层面干预

5.   Senolytics药物

- Zhu, Y., et al. (2015). The Achilles’ heel of senescent cells: from transcriptome to senolytic drugs.  Nature Medicine , 21(10), 1164-1174.

- 重点：达沙替尼+槲皮素组合清除衰老细胞

6.   FOXO4-DRI肽

- Baar, M.P., et al. (2017). Targeted Apoptosis of Senescent Cells Restores Tissue Homeostasis in Response to Chemotoxicity and Aging.  Cell , 169(1), 132-147.

7.   CAR-T清除衰老细胞

- Amor, C., et al. (2020). Senolytic CAR T cells reverse senescence-associated pathologies.  Nature , 583(7814), 127-132.

8.   NAD+与线粒体

- Zhu, X.H., et al. (2020). In vivo NAD assay reveals the intracellular NAD contents and redox state in healthy human brain and their age dependences.  PNAS , 117(26), 15266-15274.

系统层面干预

9.   年轻血浆异体共生

- Villeda, S.A., et al. (2014). Young blood reverses age-related impairments in cognitive function and synaptic plasticity in mice.  Nature Medicine , 20(6), 659-663.

临床试验

10.   MSC移植试验

- ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: [NCT04313647](clinicaltrials.gov)

- 标题：Safety and Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Aging-related Diseases

其他关键研究

-   衰老时钟  ：Horvath, S. (2013). DNA methylation age of human tissues and cell types.  Genome Biology , 14(10), R115.

-   热量限制  ：de Cabo, R., & Mattson, M.P. (2019). Effects of Intermittent Fasting on Health, Aging, and Disease.  NEJM , 381(26), 2541-2551.