War in Ukraine will cripple global food markets乌克兰战争将损害全球食品市场

 Cripple：to make (something) unable to work normally : to cause great damage to (something) e.g. A total cutoff of supplies would cripple the country's economy. 全面终止供给将使该国经济瘫痪。

 Staple food 主要粮食/主粮

 The world had enntered the conflict with wheat stocks 12% above the five-year average, but losing over 20% of the global traded supply of the crop overnight set food markets ablaze. 这场战争刚开始时，世界小麦库存比五年平均水平高12%，但一夜之间失去小麦全球供应量的20%有多，这给粮食市场放了一把火。

 But this time it is the threat of embargoes from the West that has lit a bonfire—and the flames are higher than even during the Great War. 但这次放了一把大火的是来自西方的禁运威胁——而且火焰窜得甚至比一战时还要高。

 But the damage to global food supply will extend far beyond the grain—and last longer than the war itself. 但是，全球食品供应遭受的损害将远不止小麦——而且持续的时间会比战争本身更久。■extend：If you extend something to other people or things, you make it include or affect more people or things. 扩延 (到其他人或物) e.g. It might be possible to extend the technique to other crop plants. 把该技术扩延到其它农作物上也许是可能的。可以用于表达某事的影响远不止……the influence of sth extend far beyond just…,and …

 Stoke inflation加剧通货膨胀

 Add to the price pressures generated by dearer energy 加大能源价格上涨带来的价格压力■dear：having a high price昂贵的；比较级：dearer e.g. Clothes here are much dearer than in the States. 这里的衣服比美国的衣服贵得多。

 Wheat tender小麦招标

 Stomach-churning 反胃的 e.g. The stench from rotting food is stomach-churning. 腐烂食物散发的恶臭让人反胃。

 …, which is bracing for a Russian assault. 而那里正准备应对俄罗斯的袭击■If you brace yourself for something unpleasant or difficult, you prepare yourself for it. 准备 (面对不愉快或困难之事) e.g. Smaller nations brace for the fallout, which includes declining exports and pressure on companies and jobs. 一些小国正在为余波做准备，其中包括下降的出口额和公司及就业岗位的压力。

 Be shipped off to war被送上战场

 In Russia the risk is not curtailed production but blockaded exports. 在俄罗斯，风险不是减产，而是出口受阻。

 Keep sth at bay 牵制/控制…、远离/避开e.g. keep one's emotions at bay 控制自己的情绪； keep failure at bay 远离失败；keep my creditors at bay 避开债主

 Meanwhile higher fertiliser and energy costs will crimp farmers’ margins everywhere. 与此同时，化肥和能源成本升高将挤压世界各地农民的利润。■crimp：To crimp something means to restrict or reduce it. 限制; 减少 [美国英语] e.g. Meanwhile, the high price is clearly beginning to crimp demand. 同时，高价位已经明显开始影响需求。

 Eventually some of the costs will be passed on to the consumer. 最终，一部分成本将转嫁到消费者头上。

 Australia’s bumper winter-wheat crop 澳大利亚丰收的冬小麦■bumper：A bumper crop or harvest is one that is larger than usual. 丰收的 e.g. a bumper crop of rice 水稻的大丰收

 As it ravages the world’s breadbasket, a calamity looms. 而随着战争给世界粮仓造成破坏，一场灾难正在逼近。■ravage: to damage or harm (something) very badly摧毁/破坏 e.g. The country has been ravaged by civil war. 这个国家被内战摧毁了。

注：外刊观点与本人无关，仅用于英语学习